THE

REPERTORY

OF

PATENT INVENTIONS.

No. 2. VOL. IV. ENLARGED SERIES.-AUGUST, 1844.

Specification of the Patent granted to JOSEPH LAMB, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Spindle Maker, for a certain Improvement or Improvements in Machinery used for Preparing and Spinning Cotton, Wool, Flax, Silk, and similar Fibrous Materials.Sealed December 8, 1843.

WITH AN ENGRAVING.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c.The nature of my invention of a certain improvement or improvements in machinery used for preparing and spinning cotton, wool, flax, silk, and similar fibrous material, consists

Firstly, in an improved construction and arrangement of the spinning-frame called the throstle, and frames for doubling or twisting two or more threads.

And secondly, in a variety of improvements in the construction and arrangement of the flyers used in preparing and spinning machinery, and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect, will be seen by reference to the annexed drawings, and the following description. The scale to which the annexed.

No. 2.-VOL. IV.

F

drawings are made is marked thereon, and the same letter or figure of reference denotes the same part in the various views and sections of machinery hereinafter referred to.

Description of the Drawing.

I shall now proceed to describe the first part of my invention, or that which relates to the spinning machine commonly called the throstles, and frames for doubling or twisting two or more threads.

Fig. 1, in the annexed drawings, represents a front view, and

Fig. 2, an end view, partly in section, of a throstle of my improved construction and arrangement.

In these figures A represents the fast and loose pulleys, from which the machine receives motion by means of the driving strap in the ordinary manner. B are the drawing rollers, and c the spindle of the machine. On the same shaft on which the pulleys, A, are supported is placed the drum, D, best seen at fig. 2; and from this drum the flyers are driven by banding. These flyers are not attached to the spindle, as in ordinary throstles, but are supported in two bearings in the rails, e and e', between which the wharve or pulley is driven. The construction of this part is shewn on an enlarged scale in section at fig. 3, and also separate at fig. 4, in its relative position to the spindle and bobbin to which it belongs. Near to the pulleys, A, and on the same shaft, is placed the series of varying pulleys, E, which convey motion to a similar series, G, placed on a parallel shaft below (by means of a band), the relative speed of the two shafts necessarily depending on the relative diameters of the pulleys on which the band is placed. This lower shaft which carries the pulleys, G, also carries a drum, from which the spindles are driven by bands in the ordinary manner; and although the drag or taking-up action of the bobbin is effected mainly by the friction between the bobbins and the lifting-rail, f, on which they rest, yet this drag, or taking-up action, is greatly tempered and modified by the command of the relative speed of the spindle and flyer which this arrangement presents; and this relative speed can at any time be varied, by varying the position of the band on the reverse pulleys, E and G. The bolster-rail, I, and step-rail, K, are connected together, and arranged to move freely in a per

pendicular groove in the framing of the machine; their position being governed by a rack and pinion, as seen at m and м, fig. 2. The pinions, м, are placed on a shaft passing the whole length of the machine and revolved at pleasure by a small handle. Supposing, therefore, the rack, m, and the pinion, M, in the position seen at fig. 2, the spindles are at a proper elevation for the spinning action to proceed; but as soon as the bobbins are full, and it is time to "doff," or remove them from the spindles, the rails, I and K, are lowered by revolving the pinion, M, in the direction of the arrow seen at fig. 2, and the spindles following have the bobbins resting on the lifting-rail, f, from which they are more readily removed than in the ordinary arrangement for taking them from the spindles one after the other. There is also a small ratchet and dog, or catch, attached to the shaft on which the pinions, M, are supported, for the purpose of keeping it stationary when required, but this, and other minor arrangements, are too obvious to require any particular notice, and the similarity of the doublingframe to the throstle already described, renders any further description unnecessary. The advantages presented by the first part of my improvement or improvements consist in producing a greater amount by running at a greater speed with less breakage. The thread or yarn being conducted in a perpendicular direction to the flyer, without the intervention of any guide, as on the ordinary thread board, which enables me to spin softer, and a full fourth finer yarns from a given quality of cotton with one-fourth less power, while the facility of applying these improvements to ordinary throstles or doubling-frames, renders this part of my improvements applicable to such machinery as is now in use.

The second part of my invention, which relates to the flyers used in preparation and spinning machinery, consists, firstly, in supporting in a more effectual manner the spring which acts on the presser now in common use, for condensing the roving in slubbing or bobbin and fly flames.

Fig. 5, represents a front view of a flyer and spindle of an ordinary slubbing-frame, and

Fig. 6, a side view of the same flyer. In these figures, 7 is the spring acting on the ordinary presser, n, and supported in the lump or part, L, in the usual position. This

F 2

lump, L, is forged along with the leg of the flyer on which it is placed, and consequently firm and perfect, instead of being subject to the breakage and derangement experienced from the lump getting loose or being removed which has heretofore been of constant occurrence, this part, L, having been only riveted, brazed, or soldered to the leg of the flyer.

Figures 7 and 8, represent a front and side view of a similar flyer, having two solid lumps, L, and two pressers on the same leg, by which arrangement the amount of pressure required is divided between the two springs, 1, 1, and the flyer kept more steady on the spindle than when a single presser is used on one side of the bobbin only.

Figures 9 and 10, are front view and plan of a flyer with three legs, to which pressers may be applied by the solid lump, L, as already described, but the advantage of this form of flyer, with or without pressers, is not only dividing the pressure among these springs when used, but a great improvement in the running of the spindle, which is steadied by a more equal distribution of the weight of the flyer, which removes all tortion from the top of the spindle, and renders the flyer as steady as the spindle itself, offering less friction to the bobbin, and enabling me to run full 150 revolutions more per minute, and when the frame is stopped, from whatever cause, one leg will always be near the front, which is a great desideratum.

Fig. 12, represents a presser with a counter-balance, o, by which the varying position of the presser during the filling of the bobbin is compensated, and the equilibrium of the flyer maintained.

My last improvement consists in the arrangement and construction of a flyer with a small wharve or pulley at the lower extremity of the leg or legs, as seen in front and side view at fig. 11, for representing the wharve or pulley. This improvement principally applies to the throstle and doubling frame. The thread or yarn being passed under the pulley instead of through the ordinary loop or curl of the flyer, by which I obviate the cutting of the flyer by the thread or yarn, as is experienced by the flyer now in common use. These pulleys may be made of any material sufficiently hard, but according to my present experience I prefer hardened steel.

Having now described the nature of my invention of a certain improvement or improvements in machinery used

for preparing and spinning cotton, wool, flax, silk, and similar fibrous material, and also the manner in which the same may be performed and carried into effect, I do not claim as my invention any of the common or well known parts of machinery hereinbefore referred to. But I do claim as respects the first part of my invention, or that which refers to the machine called the throstle, and frames for doubling or twisting two or more threads.

Firstly, the peculiar construction of the flyer, and the arrangement for driving such flyer, independent of the spindle on which the bobbin is placed.

Secondly, the construction and arrangement of the pulleys, E and G, for driving the spindles, independent of the flyer, at a varying speed, and thereby tempering and modifying the amount of "drag," or taking up of the bobbin.

Thirdly, the elevating and lowering of the rails in which the spindles are supported by the means herein before described, or any modification thereof, for the purpose of facilitating the "doffing," as already described.

And as respects the second part of my improvement or improvements which refers to flyers, I claim,

Firstly, the forging or producing one or more lumps or supports, L, already described as a solid part or portion of the leg or legs of the flyer on which they are placed.

Secondly, I claim the arrangement and construction of flyers with two or more pressers on one leg of such flyers, together with the balanced pressers shewn at fig. 12.

Thirdly, I claim the construction of flyers with three or more legs, with or without pressers.

And lastly, I claim the application and arrangement of a wharve or revolving pulley at the extremity of the leg of the flyer for conducting the roving yarn or thread to the bobbin, and thereby obviating the cutting of the flyer loop, or eye, as already described, all which being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, new and never before practised in that part of Her Majesty's dominions called England, I deliver this as my true and faithful specification of the same.-In witness, &c. JOSEPH LAMB.

Enrolled June 8, 1844.