ASHES AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL. NEW-YORK PRICES CURRENT: Corrected from the "New-York Shipping and Commercial List”—Tuesday, July 31st, 1832. Pot, first sort....100 lbs Bristol, Porter...gross 8 00 Rye Flour.........òrl a 4 50 445 Indian Meal........do 3 37 a PROVISIONS Beef, Mess.........brl 9 75 a 10 75 .do 4 26 5 75 a 4 50 14 a Butter, N. Y. Dairy..lb ..lb BANK NOTE TABLE. U. 8. Branch.para | Cumberland....a | Augusta..................jef .do 11 a 12 U. 8. Branch.para | Rockingham...a Claremont Vassalborough...do Merchants......do Kennebunk......do ..do Manufacturers'..do ..do Union... ..do Canal.... Portland.........do Waterville.......do Wint......... ...do Saco............do Bathhrop....no sale Bangor South Berwick...do Lincoln.... NEW-HAMPSHIRE. Cheshire.......a Pertsmouth......do Grafton..... ....do Farmers'........do Merrimack Co...do Concord... Exeter....... ..do Piscataqua......do Merrimack......do ...do Commercial.....do New-Hampshire.do Dover... N. H.-Strafford.do Winnipisseogee..do Connecticut river do VERMONT. jat | Orange County.of 10 a 11 Brattleborough..ja | St. Albans..... ..do Burlington .. ...do Windsor Montpelier.. Rutland ........do Vergennes......do Middlebury......do Bank Caledonia..do Bennington .....do MASSACHUSETTS. 7 Pork, Mess.........do 13 00 Prime........do 10 50 a 14 00 a 11 00 a 9 50 4. 40 Pearl....... ......do 4 60 Do. ...... bhd BEESWAX FRUIT White... Yellow.......... 20 Do. BOTTLES Do. Wines.............do 6 50 8 50 Do. a 8. 00 a a a Hog Lard BREAD Currants, Zante....do 41 Do. Almonds, soft shell..do 8 Do. Do. 13 13 a 16 Cheese, American...lb Crackers.. ..........do ......do 10 a 12 ..do RAGS 5 RICE. 125 Do. Virginia. 6 Figs, Smyrna . Filberts 70 Prunes Bordeaux..do GRAIN 40 50 Wheat, North riv..bshl a 850 Hams, Virginia.....do SALT ....100 lb 300 a 3 62 U.S. Branch.para Plymouth......a Bank of Norfolkjol Turk's Island.....bshl a 1 25 lale of May.........do 80 a 70 a 83 St. Ubes 70 a 73 Cadiz.... 62 a a Do. 9 00 46 a Do. 56 a 900 a 7 00 Refined.. Beans. Boston city Biksta Pawtuckot......do Cambridge......do Agricultural.....do Salem..........do Andover ...do Springfield......do Falmouth.......do Beverly. Bedford Com'l..do Taunton........do Mercantile......do Worcester.......do Lynn Mechanics' do ..do Commercial.. Biackstone......do Merch'ts Salem..do do N. Bedford.do Dedham........do Gloucester......do Fall River......do Hampshire......do Exchange.......do Bunker Hill.....de 00 Franklin........do Danvers.........do Atlantic.........do Sunderland......do Asiatic..........do Franklin........do ...do Mendon.........de Lowell..........do 9 Hampden... Oxford...... ..do Brighton........do Mechanics'......do Marblehead.....do Milbury........ Newburyport....do Housatonic.. Phenix......... Pacific. 2 lb a a 9 50 13 American dew-rot...do 130 00 12 Yarns, Kentucky...lb 14 S. A. Horse......piece 1 35 66 Liverpool ground...do blown....do sack do...sack 1 871 a SALTPETRE Crude E. I.. ......do a 210 00 Russia, white....piece 11 00 a 150 00 New-York, Brown..lb SPICES- 6 Ginger, race........do Do. a Nutmega.: 1 45 Pepper.... a Pimento, Jam.......do Brandy, Ot. D.&Co.gal- 1 62 a Navy...............lb BRISTLES Russia, first sort ....lb common...do American...........do CANDLES Mould, tallow .......lb Dipped .............do Sperm..............do COAL Liverpool ....chaldron 10 00 : Scotch ..... Sidney & Bridgeport.do Albion..............do ...........do 8 00 Anthracite.........ton 7 50 COCOA Caraccas...........lb Trinidad............do St. Domingo........do Para COFFEE .....do Cuba...............lb Brazil. ...........do Porto Rico..........do Laguira............do St. Domingo........do Java..... .........do Jamaica................ COPPER Sheathing..........lb 22 a 161 a LUMBER East'n Pine.do 16 00 do hhd....do 35 00 Brazil, White.......do a 222 150 Warren.........do ...do Warwick.......do Eagle, Bristol...do R. I. Agricult'l..do Rhode Island....do Do. Providence..do Cumberland.....do Merchants' Provi ..do dence... N, E. Pacific....do Smithfield Union.do High Street......do .do Woonsockt Falls.do Mount Vernon...do 100 Washington.....do Freemans"......do Mech. & Manufs..do 87 Burrilville Agric. Franklin........do Far. & Mech broke and Manuf....do Landholders.....do Burrilville.......do 35 Smithfield Exch.do Narraganset.....do ..ja | Union ........do New Haven.....o 45 Bridgeport......do Middletown.....do Thames. 27 Fairfield County.do Mechanics'.....do Windham Co....do Branch.do New-London....do Stonington......do do City BK, N. Hav.do East Hudson....do NEW-YORK. 14 U. S. Branch...par | Bank of Albany... ..do Long Island Bk..do State Bank.....do 9 Lansingburg....do Farmers', $50...do Central Bank.....I ..do do 10 Poughkeepsie...do Mohawk........do Chenango......do 7 Catskill. 11 Newburgh .-9 Uuca. ..do, Do. .1 Bk Columbia.broke Branch....do Middle District..do ..do Franklin Bank..do 8 Do. Branch....do Ontario. Trentn B.Co. $ par Do. Branch....do Wash & Warren.d | Morris Canal.....| Commercial...... 7 State B Newark.do Newark B. Co...du Cumberland ....do 7 Do. Morristown.do Orange .........do Salem B. Co......1 13 Do. Elizabeth...do Washington.....do Paterson........do 17 Do. Camden..... People's. a - Monmouth..broke N.J. Manuf. Co..do ..... Do. NBrunswick.do | Sussex ... .do Franklin........do Farmers Bk NBrunswick.do Jersey..........do PENNSYLVANIA. 1 40 a 1 35 Rum, Jam. 4th proof.do 1 00 a 118 75 a 1 25 Do. St. Croix, 3d do.do a Do. Wind Isi. 3d do.do a NOrl'ns, 1st do.do a 40 00 Do. N. Eng. 1st do..do 34 a .......do 80 JU a 85 00 Gin:Holl'd,MederSwan 1 15 CONNECTICUT. a Hour Glass.do a 112 U. S. Branch.par at | Hartford jat a 12 Norwich.....fato Phoenix 37 a 27 a a English .......lb 101 a 12 11 a Trieste, in boxes....do 5 a 5 City Banks... ....do Pig SUGARS Bar...... British Island.. .............do a Do. Zotoff & Konop'ff 17 50 a Old ...do 5 a Do. Do. 3d quality..do 15 50 a 16 00 LEATHER a a 15 00 Sole, Oak tanned....lb German, Half......do 10 00 a 11 00 Do. Hemlock......do Do. Holland, A. A.......do 24 00 a 25 00 Do. damaged......do Porto Rico ...do ..do 8 75 a 11 00 Upper, dressed....side 75 a 2 75 7 a 9 8 Do. undressed...do 1 00 a 2 50 6 a a a 10 00 Do. 14 .do a 26 a 17 a 35 00 a 52 00 a 37 00 a 28 50 a a α Do. do SUMAC- a 25 00 Hyson.. .do 1 00 ..do a 75 a ....do a 16 00 Young Hyson a 25 00 Hyson Skin. ..do 45 a 1 06 Farmrs, Reading.do Germantown....do Chambersburg..do So Do. Lancaster..do | Delaware county.do Erie ...... .do 20 a 25 Souchong .........do 35 a Bohea .do 25 a .1 DELAWARE. FEATHERS MAHOGANY Live, Foreign ......lb Do. American.....do St. Domingo.. ...foot .....do FISH MOLASSES 9 a 15 Martinique & Guad.gall a 2 00 English Islands.....do Do. No. 2.do 7 a 8 3 75 Havana & Matanzas.do 26 Do. a 13 00 Trinidad de Cuba...do 27 121 a 15 New Orleans.......do No. 3.do a NAILS WHALEBONE a 3 50 a Cut, 4d to 10d.......} .do 7 a WINES 960 Cut, ed...do Wrought. do 8 a 10 9 Madeira. gall 1 12 a 2.25 NAVAL STORES Do. 50 a 100 Tar. FLAX Pich... ..... a 16 Sherry...... ..do 1 00 a 95 a sweet......do ...cask 15 00 a 26 00 a OILS Western Canal..... ...do 6 12 Florence 30 flasks..box 5 00 in bottles....doz 2 50 Port.. a 7 00 ..gall 70 a 1 50 IT. S. Branch. a 5 25 Lisbon .....do a 80 125 Philadelphia .....do French 12 bottles..bskt 3 00 a 4 00 Marseilles Madeira..do 40 ...gallon 95 a 100 Catalonia. .do 35 a a Do. Country .do 6 12 a Alexandria & George. Whale. ...do MISSISSIPPI. town..........do 6 25 45 Common ..do 25 State of Mississippi .. 20 a Fredericksburg. ...do a Sperm, Summer....do a 80 Pulled, spinning....do 38 LOUISIANA. Petersburg ..do .... a 6 12 Do. Fine middling wide 625 Scratched and fine..do 5 75 a Winter.....do Liver, Straits......brl 16 00 87 a a 90 Lambe, 1st quality ..do U. S. Branch 2d quality...do .. | State 4-Orleans 4 | Louisiana....... ALABAMA a 650 [Do." ShoreBank,do it 3d quality de 20 A 22U. S. Branch-‡ | Mobile 5-State, 8 | Tombeckbe. ¿za££ 5() 50 a 90 Merino, Am. fleece...Ib ..fal | Virg.&Brnches.al Branches..do Northwestern....ö NORTH CAROLINA. Newbern & Brinchi C.Fear, & Branch..3 75 U. S. Branch..... | Union........243 State Bank.. ja 3 .Sjat Macon........34a4 4 Farmers & Mech. 4 . Marietta... 50 U. S. Branch.. a 4 Lancaster: .do Belmont........do 40 Chilicothe. Western Reserve do Mount Pleasant..do Commercial.....do .do Steubenville..broke 40 Franklin........do Farmers. POETRY. [For the New York American.] ON THE DEATH OF COM. GEORGE W. RODGERS. Where is the warrior's grave? Shall we seek it by yonder willow? Alas! he sleeps with the brave On the banks of La Plata's billow. Rich in his ripening fame, He bore at his country's command THE PLAGUE. EBORACENSIS. As dying, and behold we live! Disease is but a messenger To warn th' unwary traveller, To bid the weary hasten on To rest, and joya, on earth unknown. Disease is not a prophet seer, MARRIED-At Norwalk, Ct., on Thursday July 26, by the At Norwalk, Conn., on Wednesday morning, 25th July, by the At Glens Falls, on Thursday, 26th July, by the Rev. Mr. DEATHS. DIED-On Thursday 26th July, of the prevailing epidemic, This morning, in the 44th year of his age, Mr. David Har On Saturday morning, July 28, after a long illness, Phila Delaplaine, widow of the late Samuel Delaplaine, in the S1st year of her age. On Wednesday, July 25, after a short illness, Edward Arrowsmith, sailmaker. Friday evening, 27th July, of the prevailing epidemic, Jere. miah Madison Fisher, son of the late Dr. Jeremiah Fisher, in 24th year of his age. Wednesday, 25th July, of the prevailing epidemic, Mr. Wm. Marshall, a native of Scotland, in the 71st year of his age, an old resident of this city. On Saturday, 23th July, of cholera, Robert Bruce, aged 23, Monday morning, 30th July, after a short and painful illness, CASES. Dwellings. Hospitals. Bellevue. Yorkville Harlǝem. Total. DEATHS. 5885555asomo Dwellings. Hospitals. Bellevue. Yorkville & Harlaem. Total. 2 7 6 13 11 4 10 141 44 22 43 109 6 13 23 31 53 129 15 119 10 16 43 29 1011 10 22 29 53 20 133 65 50 21 163 22 17 146 29 12 ❝ 19.... 114 77 11 22... 154 76! 2 163 42 26 138 22 36 14 29 202 42 12 226 48 42 10 311 61 33 10 241 50 35 5 1 231 46 17 20 51 22 350 296|| 57 21 45 10 3157 21 32 100 93 10$ 96 31 75 48 14 73 46 3 122 23 18 . 21.... "23... Friday morning, 27th July, Mrs. Alice Babcock, aged 44 years, Aug. 1.... 471 39 4 formerly of Boston. On Saturday, 23th July, of the prevailing epidemic, Mrs. On Sunday, 29th July, of the prevailing epidemic, Thomas On Sunday last, July 29th, of the prevailing epidemic, Hester On Monday evening last, July 30th, deeply regretted by all 60 3352 671 587 293 27 1577 On the 28th of July, of a lingering illness, which he bore different kinds of Rails, Chairs, Pins and Wedges in use, both Monday evening, at Jamaica, L. I., Charles, son of Daniel S. At Greensburg, 24th July, of the prevailing epidemic, Mr. TOWNSEND & DURFEE, Rope Manufactu rers, having machinery for making ropes to any required length (without splice), offer to supply full length Ropes for the inclined planes on Rail-roads at the shortest notice, and deliver them in the City of New-York, if requested. As to the quality of the Rope, the public are referred to J. B. Jervis, Eng. M. & H. R. R. Co., Albany; or James Archibald, Engineer Hudson & Delaware Canal & R. R. Co., Carbondale, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. Palmyra, Wayne County, New-York, 1st mo. 22d, 1832. 320 tf In Albany, of bilious fever, Henry, third son of Nathan San- A RAILROAD IN PRACTICAL OPERATION, ford, aged 16 years 5 monthsand 15 days within ten miles of the City of New-York. At Detroit, on 9th July, of the cholera, Maj. Gen. OLIVER nonk, a distance of 43 miles, and is now in actual and success- On the 11th Inst. in New Orleans, Lieutenant N. N. Clark, of the 4th regiment Infantry U. S. Army, aged 24 years, univer. sally and deeply regretted. At Cincinnati, Ohio, on the 19th July, of apoplexy, in the 66th year of his age, Mr. Samuel Burr, formerly of Long Island, N.Y. WEEKLY REPORT OF DEATHS. The City Inspector reports the death of 879 persons during the week ending on Saturday last, 28th instant, viz:-318 men, 203 In the ship President, from London:-Rev. Wm. Biddle, lady women, 132 boys, and 106 girls-Of whom 59 were of the age of and seven children, Mrs. S. Edwards, Mrs. C. J. Brymer, of year and under; 34 between 1 and 2, 72 between 2 and 5, 32 London; Captain John Ewing, of the 21th Regiment, British between 5 and 10, 50 between 10 and 20, 165 between 20 and 30, Army; Mr. John Howard Payne, of New-York; Mr. John 184 between 30 and 40, 121 between 40 and 50, 83 between 50 and P. Wilcox, of Virginia; Messrs. John Craken, Wm. Shuttle. 60, 51 between 60 and 70, 23 between 70 and 80, and 5 beworth, James Woodhouse, Robert Robertson, James S. Law-tween 80 and 90.-Diseases: Apoplexy 3, asphyxia 1, casualty son, Thomas S. Spitty, George Wilson, and Master Edward 2, cholera morbus 10, cholera malignant 689, consumption 35, Keyser, of London: and 157 in the steerage. convulsions 13, cramp in the stomach 1, diarrhea 3, dropsy 1, In the brig Charlotte Maria, from Bremen:-A Wehlrade, billous 1, fever, bllious remittent 1, fever scarlet 2, fever typhus dropsy in the head 9, drowned 3, dysentery 4, fever 4, fever, and fifty-nine in the steerage. In the schooner Consort, from Matanzas :-Jonathan Nor- tion of the bowels 4, inflammation of the brain 6, inflammation of 3, flux infantile 18, hæmorrhage 1, hives or croup 1, inflammaIn the ship Glasgow, from Liverpool-Mr. Sml. S. Northouse, stomach 2, intemperance 5, locked jaw 1, marasmus 4, measles the chest 1. inflammation of the liver 1, inflammation of the lady and son, Messrs. W. P. Benson, Thomas Prichard, James 7, old age 8, palsy 2, peripneumony 2, scirrhus of the liver 1, Marshall, Richard Chaffey, and 160 in the steerage. stillborn 5, teething 4, unknown 12, whooping cough 4, worme ABRAHAM D. STEPHENS, City Inspector. wish to avail themselves of this rapid and delightful mode of With a view to suit the convenience of those persons who may traveling, the following hours have been fixed for leaving those places. PATERSON. At half past 7 o'clock, A.M. 3 do P.M. half past 4 4 do do do AQUACKANONK. At half past 10 o'clock, A.M. half past 6 do ON SUNDAYS. 0 o'clock, A.M. AL do do do do half past 12 P.M. do half past 1 5 do do 6 do do half past 6 do do half past 7 Parties of twenty or more persons can be accommodated at either of the above hours with a private Car. price.-Paterson, June 20th, 1832. FARE reduced to is 6d--Children under 12 years of age, half ELIAS B. D. OGDEN, Secretary. NB.-Persons leaving Hoboken by the 8 o'clock Stage, for Passaic, and other objects of interest in the flourishing town of Aquackanonk, will have ample time to view the Falls of the Paterson, and return to New-York the same day. jy:18 The public are informed that, until further notice, the 12 the 8 o'clock A.M. and 7 o'clock P.M. turns from Acquackanock, o'clock and before 6 o'clock P.M. turns from Paterson, and are, for the present withdrawn. RAILROAD OFFICE, 35 WALL-STREET. CONTENTS. Literary Notices, &c.......5131 Reply to H. on Inclined N. York & Elie Railroad...513) Chesapeake and Ohio Canal 517 ....518 JOURNAL. NEW-YORK, AUGUST 11, 1832. VOLUME I....NO. 33. [From the Ohio Chronicle.] TOPOGRAPHICAL BUREAU, Washington City, July 20, 1832. of Major Douglass was aware of the intention of the writer to offer such a communicaion for publication; Sir-I have the honor to state to you, that in conand we therefore deem such parts of the reply as re. 517 fer to Major Douglass, uncalled for, as we do those formity with the decision of the President, engineers ......517 in the communication of H. to Capt. Green, or the and instruments will be furnished, at the expense road, from Geauga or Ashtabula county, on Lake Home Affairs.-Cholera....520 Engineer of the Morris Canal. With this explana. the United States, for the survey of a route for a railtion we would observe that it is not our intention to Erie, to the Ohio river, in Columbiana county; but Foreign Intelligence........22 526 .527 devote our columns to attacks upon, or defence of, that the United States will be at no other expense 525 gentlemen engaged to superintend works of internal whatever, in relation to this survey. In case, thereThe AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL is pub improvement, but rather to collect and and embody fore, the incorporated company interested in this surlished at 35 Wall-street, New-York, at $3 a year, in advance. such information relative to them as may be useful vey, or any other association, will make arrange. Curvature upon Comparative Elevation of Rafls.514 Projects for Marine Railways across the Isthmus of Panama and in British America....... ...514 South-Carolina Railroad..515 Miscellany... Advertisements Susquehannah Railroad, Steam-Engine. Paterson Railroad.........516 ......... 516 Varieties; Poetry; Deaths; AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL. NEW-YORK, AUGUST 11, 1832. to those interested in their accomplishment. ments for meeting the expenses of this survey, as a- [From the Elmira Republican, August 4.] In No. 31 of this Journal, in our remarks upon NEW YORK, 23d July, 1832 McAdam Roads, we stated that we knew of ne Dear Sir-It is with much regret that I enclose a road in this country that could stand three days - of rain, or that is proof against the frosts of win- copy of the following order from the War Depart the candid and dispassionate perusal of those who Hudson and Erie Railroad, (as ordered on the 5th of these roads; or who have entertained the belief ter ;" and intimated that there was not a road in the ment, suspending the survey of the route of the have anticipated the commencement of both or either United States built upon the pure McAdam system, instant,) and all similar surveys, unless certain con- that the President was in favor of internal improve. bound by his office to execute. which we believed to be the fact; but we have since ditions are complied with by those making the ap-ments, and would pay any deference to a law he was The question naturally arises, are these roads of been informed that the "Cumberland Road," or that plication for the survey. I cannot hope under all the circumstances attending the application to the War Department for the national importance? If the President thinks they are, the law of 1824 requires the expense of surveypart of it from the Ohio river, opposite Wheeling, Va. to Zanesville, in Ohio, a distance of 73 miles, survey, and the advanced state of the season, that rects them to be surveyed at all. If they are not of was constructed, under the superintendance of Cas it will be in the power of the company to complying them to be borne by the United States, if he dipar W. Wever, Esq.--now of the Baltimore and with the conditions required by the President. But Ohio Railroad-upon the plan laid down by Mr. if you view this matter in a different light, you will national importance, and such is the opinion of the address your reply, on this subject, to the Secre- President, what authority has he to detail an engineer sion I draw from his ordering the survey conditionMcAdam. If this be so-and such is our authority tary of War at Washington, I am, with much re- with his instruments to survey them? The concluwe cannot doubt it-we should be truly obliged to spect, your obe't serv't, DE WITT CLINTON, U. S. C. Eng. ally, is, that he has decided the roads are of national importance; but that he does not consider himself reHon. G. H. BARSTOW. Mr. Wever for a description of the road, its cost, TOPOGRAPHICAL BUREAU, Washington City, strained, restricted, or controlled, by the law. This is in accordance with his views of other laws. Since &c. together with any other information upon the July 20th, 1832 subject of Roads, Railroads, and Canals, that the Sir-My letter to you of the 4th inst. to suspend the passage of the act, at the late session of Congress, nature of his engagements will permit him to fur. any further arrangements in relation to the survey appropriating different sums of money for internal nish us. which you had been directed to superintend, was the improvements, he said, (as was reported and believVery respectfully, yours, result of an order from the Secretary of War, to pre-ed,) he would expend the appropriations, or withvent any erroneous steps on this subject until the hold them, as he thought proper. then the subject under consideration. Messrs. Hapgood & Pease. pleasure of the President could be known, who had E. WHITTLESEY. In the 30th number of the Journal we published, and called the attention of our readers to a commu. nication headed "Inclined Planes." In so doing I have now received his direction in this and in WARREN, July 30, 1832. we certainly had no intention to, nor did it occur to us on reading it over before it was given to the prin every other similar one, which is, that such surveys Gentlemen-The inclosed letter and copy of an ter that we might, injure the feelings or reputation are not to be made, unless the states, incorporated expenses; except such as belong to the personal of any gentleman; although, if we had read it over companies or individuals interested, shall meet all Messrs. Hapgood & Peaso: compensation of the engineers, or for the procuring order from the Topographical Bureau, at Washing a second time, we might have deemed some part of it exceptionable, as referring to a person of whom and repairs of the necessary instruments. On these ton, I have received from Col. Clinton, U. S. Civil we knew nothing-not even the name of the Engi. considerations you may survey the route which may Engineer: And that the citizens of this region parties applying for the survey, but on no other con- the Hudson and Ohio Rail Road, a meeting will be held, at the court-house in Warren, on the 21st day neer of the Morris Canal-and therefore erased it, be chosen by the state or incorporated company, or may be consulted, as to the expense of the survey of or have suppressed the communication altogether.dition. You will therefore communicate with the parties of August next, at 7 o'clock, P. M. where it is rewill attend. But, as it was published, and the friends of the En. gineer (Capt. Green) referred to in the communica. interested in the case committed to you, and report quested that all who take an interest in the survey I am Sir, respectfully, your obt. servt. J. J. ABERT, Lt. Col. Top. Enge. tion of H. consider it an unjustifiable attack upon the result to this bureau. him, we cannot, in common fairness, decline to pub. lish a reply, although we disapprove of its person-To DE WITT CLINTON, Esq. ality, as it cannot for a moment be supposed that OF A RAILWAY. Review. V2 R gV2 32.2R Jerred in some of the steps by which the expression from the Railway; besides that, much gold would [For the Railroad Journal.] INFLUENCE OF VELOCITY AND CURVATURE UPON was obtained. For instance: he asserts that, ac. probably be found in the progress of the work, this being the heart of the gold region of South America. THE COMPARATIVE ELEVATION OF THE RAILS cording to the law of central forces, c=V2; where- The Canal which is in contemplation at this time across the Isthmus of Panama, by an American In the last number of Silliman's Journal is an as, it is in reality proportional to or proportional joint stock company, is evidently a project the difficulties and expense of which would be tonfold great. article on the subject of "the elevation for rails on to the square of the velocity divided by the diame-er than the accomplishment of this great work by Railroads of a given curvature," by J. Thompson, ter, or by twice the radius of the circul. The equi- means of a Railway for shipping. I suggest then, Engineer. Mr. Thompson commences his remarks valent for the centrifugal force is merely a relative that a stock company of English proprietors of Colombian bonds would possess eminent advantages upon this subject by noticing an empirical attempt expression compared with the force of gravity. I for this work, for the land, labor, and other materiat an investigation of the same problem in the BalV2 but if it eals, inay be obtained at par in Colombia, with the timore Railroad Manual, a work which appeared the latter equals unity, then c = 32.2R bonds of the government of the country. Theso under the patronage of the Board of Engineers, to bonds are in England depreciated almost to nothing, instead there being no prospect of dividend, or the redemption whom, previous to the appointment of Mr. Knight, quals g, as Mr. T. assumes, then c = V2 of the loan by a State impoverished by civil war; was entrusted the direction of the engineering deof R The quantity g likewise does not appear, and it is therefore probablo that this project would partment of the Baltimore and Ohio Railway. I mention this fact more particularly, as the same as Mr. Thompson states, as equal to 32.2 feet. For save an immense amount of British capital from ontire annihilation, and even convert the bonds into a work is replete with errors, both of a theoretical the purpose of convenience, and of simplifying the spendid source of revenue from the Railway. The and practical nature, which render it of no value as expression in the comparison of the two forces, the condition exacted for the land and territorial rights a guide in the location and construction of Railways. effect of each is considered for the same interval by the Colombian Government, from a former Amer. ican joint stock company, by whom a Canal was For an exposition of some of the more important of of time or for one second. This gives for the com projected across the Isthmus in 1826, was the reser. these errors, see No. 208 of the New-England Weekly parative value of g in feet 16.1, and not 32 2 feet. vation to the state Colombia of the tolls arising from The existence of the latter quantity instead of 16.1, the work for the first fourteen years; but an English aV2 company could undoubtedly obtain more suitable As it regards the subject of Mr. Thompson's article, in the expression E=32.2R, being the consequence terms by the immediate purchase of the soil by can. it is necessary, in commencing the investigation, to celling a certain portion of the loan, the authorities consider the forces by which a body in motion upon of making the factor connected with it equal to the of Colombia being known to be intently anxious to preserve the bonds from depreciation, and to preserve a curved Railway is influenced. Those are, gravity, radius instead of the diameter. or the weight of the body, and the central or con As the difference in elevation of the rails depends their national credit for a future loan from the mer. chants of England. To render the great work com. trifugal force resulting from the curvilinear direc-greatly upon the velocity, it should evidently be plete, and to anticipate future opposition from the tion of the motion, the former acting vertically, and adapted to the average motion of the cars upon the people of the United States, the entire isthmus, or the latter horizontally. The tendency of the body road. This average will depend upon the mecha.such part as lies between good natural boundaries is evidently that of the resultant of these two forces, nical facilities of the road in respect to its eleva.as the lake of Nicaragua on the north, and the and in order to ensure an equal bearing upon the tions and depressions and horizontal curvatures, and river of Darien, on the south-a narrow tract of three hundred miles in length, should be obtained by trearails and steadiness of motion, the plane of the rails whether it is designed principally for freight or tra- ty from the Colombian Government, to be erected should be perpendicular to the direction of that re-vel,or both combined. When the latter object is to be into an English colony, independent of the State of sultant. This being established, the difference in attained on a road nearly straight and level, a mean Colombia, and subject to the crown of England.— the elevation of the two rails of the track is obtained velocity of 15 miles per hour would correspond with by a simple proportion, which Mr. T. has illustrated the present state of the improvements in the applica by a diagram, and which may be stated as follows:tion of locomotive steam power, that being nearly the As the force of gravity is to the centrifugal force, so average business rate upon the Manchester and Li. is the breadth of the rail-truck to the difference in verpool Railway." The value of V under this aselevation of the rails sought. sumed velocity, becomes 222 or 484, and hence, 484a 15a If a, the breadth of the Rail-track, 70 R E Some consideration is also due to the ancient, yet undoubtedly just claim which Great Britain possesses upon the Isthmus of Panama, founded upon the prior possession of the province by the Scottish compony, under the Rev. Mr. Patterson, in 1699. The country at that period was not inhabited by the Spaniards, but by a peoplo entirely hostile to them, and, previous to the sailing of the expedition, the The result by this proportion will be found right of the company was recognized by the Spanish ambassador at the court of William the Third, to exceed the truth in the proportion of the ex. 32.2R R yet the unfortunate colonists were attacked, harrasscess of the tangent over the sine of the inclination is assumed at 4 2-3 feet, E= ed, and at length almost exterminated,-only thirty of the plane of the rails; but as it is the most The value of E in this last expression will not be tion ever returned to Scotland. The capital sub. of twelve hundred whe composed the expedipersons simple expression, and as the error mentioned is too small to be of any practical importance, it should sensibly affected, if the breadth of the track is as low seribed for the purposes of the company was thereundoubtedly be preferred. In the application of as 4 1-2 fect, or as high as 4 3-4 feet, and as the fore entirely lost, consisting of the sum of 900,000l. this rule, it is necessary in the first place to deter. majority of Railways in the country have their of which 400,000l. belonged to the people of Scotland, 300,000l. to the English, and 200,000l. to the mine the relation between the gravitating and cenbreadths within those limits, the following general people of Holland and Hamburg. The settlemont trifugal forces. As these forces are of the same rule may be observed. of the company was at the mouth of the river of kind, being of a pressive character, they are easily Divide 70 by the radius of curvature in feet: the Darion, and the town of New Caledonia still appears V2 V2 .. FRANKLIN. From the London United Service Journal for June ] Possessions in North America. compared, and correspond directly with the spaces quotient is the difference in elevation of the rails upon the ancient charts. The origin, progress, and unfortunate termination of this noble project is de. described in the same time by the influence of each. in feet. scribed by Sir John Dalrymple in the twentieth If the time assumed be one second, the space whieh volume of his Memoirs of Great Britain and Irea body will describo by the force of gravity in that land, the ruin of the colonists being there attributtime is 16.1 feet; and the space through which a Across the Isthmus of Panama, and in the British Third. ed to the injustice and prejudices of William the body, moving in a circle with a radius of R fect, There are also great advantages to navigation conwith a velocity of V feet per second, would bo car. Having in preceding numbers of the United Ser-nected with this project, for the equinoctial current ried in the same time by the centrifugal force, is vice Journal exhibited extensive projects for marine and the region of the northeast trade wind must be Railways, connecting the various seas of the British crossed from Europe to Porto Bello; these are per2R feet. This is in accordance with the law of cen- islands, I propose, in the daily darkening prospects petually favorable to outward bound vessels, and the of our commercial horizon, to submit similar plans (usual lightness of the winda and severity of the tral forces. Hence the force of gravity g is to the tending to produce an early and vast extension of weather in this part of the Atlantic are remarkably our commerce to the western hemisphere. favorable to steam navigation. Upon the return centrifugal forco e, as 16.1: , or the contrifugal First, I propose to form a marine Railway across voyage to Europe the gulph stream flows along the gV2 that spot which is destined to be the key of the new castern coast of America to the Azores, and almost force is correctly represented by ; and by world-the Isthmus of Panama. The advantages of to the coast of Spain. Moreover, the westerly wind a pass here scem, indeed, to be boundless to a com. prevails more than 9 months in the year in the latithe proportion stated above, we have, for the differ-mercial nation, for it will save a navigation of 10,000 tudes north of the tropic of cancer, annually inence in elevation E in feet of the rails for a breadth miles round Cape Horn, opening out the trade of creasing in prevalence; and with the progressive of rail track equal to a feet, the following: Peru, Chili, and all the western regions of North clearing of the forest of America, this will probably and South America, with the Sandwich Islands, and settle into a trade wind. Thus nature leads us in all the isles scattered over the vast expanse of the an everlasting circle to the east and to the west, great Southern Ocean. The Isthmus is at one spot and as no obstacle is now unconquerable to the not more than seven leagues across, but from Porto science and enterprise of modern times, and as the The expression for the value of E thus deduced is Bello to Panama, the capital cities of the province, English nation alone possesses the advantages the same as given by Mr. Thompson, a circumstance the distance is thirty seven miles, with vast moun required for the accomplishment of a pass across a little remarkable, for although he was correct in tains intervening. What the size, stratification, or the isthmus of Panama, it is devoutly to be wished his main proposition in making the difference in el-known, but though the whole thirty seven miles a work, the results of which, both to the old and direction of these mountains may be probably is not that no further delay may arise in the completion of evation of the rails to their breadth, as the centrifu- were required to be tunneled, still the expense is new world, cannot be measured by the mind of man. gal to the gravitating forces, yet he has evidently warranted by the vast revenue which must result The British provinces in North America may also gV2 32.2R g: ::a: E. or E= 32.2R aV2 32.2R AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL. ports of the provinces may be brought to the Atlan of war. HENRY FAIRBAIRN. be raised into great and immediate prosperity by a distance from the sea; and it will effect the work of being more prudent to retain the power afterward centuries to connect, consolidate, and strengthen to raise it, than by an unconditional act of incor judicious formation of railways. Here I propose, first, to form a railway for wagons that giant territory, lying beneath all climates, and poration to load the commerce of the country with from Quebec to the harbor of St. Andrews, upon spreading over a quarter of the globe. If then we an excessive rate which then can never afterwards which the bay of Fundy, a distance of one hundred would contend with these advantages in our North te reduced. The example of the Liverpool and and ninety five miles, a work which will convey the American provinces, it is only by similar works that Manchester railway renders this suggestion now whole trade of the St. Lawrence in a single day to we can bring to the Atlantie the agricultural exports proper, for the toll upon that line is maintained at the Atlantic waters,—cutting off a navigation of one of the colonies, and socure the stream of omigration, 12 shillings per ten for a distance of 32 miles, an of original speculators in a work in which there thousand two hundred miles down the river St. which otherwise with the facility of inland trans.excessive rate rendered necessary to repay the Lawrence and round the shores of Nova Scotia.-portation will be rapidly diverted to the western interest upon stock 90 per cent. above par, the gain Thus the timber, provisions, ashes, and other ex-regions of the United States. And not only by the diminution of our surplus never existed any hazard, and to the perpetual tic, not only with more speed, regularity, and socu. population at home, and the extending market for injury of the public at large. The principles of rity than by the river St. Lawrence, but with the our manufactures by the rapid population of the joint stock companies, by which exclusive privileges grand additional advantage of a navigation open at colonies, but by the improvement of the climate upon are granted to individuals in return for some public all seasons of the year, the harbor of St. Andrews the progressive clearing of the woods, will these advantages derived from their operations, render it It is the impenetrability of a wooded tages to the country by the act of incorporation.being capacious, deep, and never closed in the win-provinces be rendered more valuable to the crown the duty of the government to secure these advan ter season, whilst the St. Lawrence is unnavigable of England. from ice from the month of November to May. The country to the heats of summer, which causes the The directors of the Manchester and Liverpool route of this work will lie through the government severity of a Canadian winter. Already a remark-railway were not empowered to pass through the land opening out frooms fould for the timbor now raavie ainelioration has taken place in a very low lands or unwilling proprietors because the law pidly disappearing from the banks of the navigable years, and in another generation the opening of the desired to advance their individual interests, but that The laboring classes will derive employment for rivers; and by means of this railway great bodies of forests will so mitigate the climate that cotton, silk, the people of Lancashire might be supplied with land which for ages would remain inaccessible in and wine, will be amongst the exports of the cheap coals and food. the absence of inland navigation, nay thus be con- country, the temperature being rendered similar to verted into a splendid source of revenue. The mode the corresponding latitudes in Portugal and France. many years in the construction of these works; the of construction may be copied from the railways We therefore see the extensive results of a judicious facility of travelling and intercourse will give more now in progress of formation in the United States, intersection of the provinces with railways, in intelligence, health, and amusement to the mass which are laid down upon timber, and though that facilitating the inland commerce of disconnected of the people, and the comincdities of life will material will not possess the durability of stone, regions, and in their rapid population from a country be reduced in price by the diminished rate of carriage, still the ground work may be renewed at little cost; desirous by emigration to be relieved from a great to an extent equal to the removal of the national and when the clearing of the roads in the vicinity weight of people at home, and when these works debt. The revenue of the Post Office will bo of the railway shall have rendered timbor less ac- may be completed by the proceeds of the public increased by the cheap transportation of the mails, cessible, the whole may be permanently recon-lands, without charge to the revonue at home; this, and the island will be rendered more easily defenCountless other advantages will result from this structed from stone, which then may be brought perhaps, may be found to be a timely suggestion to sible by the rapid concentration of troops and ships upon the railway at a small expense. The construc- the goPernment. The railway system will soon change and improve tion of this work will furnish immediate employ. ment for a great body of emigrants, whilst, being the whole commercial aspect of the kingdom. By wonderful system, for it is a victory gained over undertaken by the government, the cost for the land the facilities of inland transportation, the cities space, the results of which will be boundless to the and the labor will be saved, and judging from the will lose their undue advantages of situation; future destinies of mankind. and [From the Charleston Patriot, S. C. July 28.] estimates for railways in the United States, where manufactures will no longer be crowded and confined We take pleasure in laying before our readers the the flat rail is in use, the expense for iron work and to the vicinity of coal-harbours and navigable rivers; labor may be estimated at 500l. per mile, or 98,000l. and the cheap conveyance of lime, manure, for a distance of one hundred and ninety-five milos mould, will at last equalize the fertility and value from Quebec to St. Andrews, a sum which may be of landed property in every part of the kingdom. following statement of the progress already mado realized in a single month by the sale of the public By railways we now may cover with soil the towards the completion of the Railroad between this lands, which then will be purchased with avidity in barren tracts in the northern parts of the island; city and Hamburg, and feel much gratified to oband even all our mountains may be carried to the serve that the whole work will most probably bo THE RAILROAD.-The steam_cars travel daily, the vicinity of the railway. For the many millions annually paid to completed by the first of January next. Another great line of railways may be formed sea. from Halifax, through Nova Scotia, to St. John's in unemployed laborers in this populous the province of New Brunswick, and thence into would graduany, by the assistanco of tramways, twice regularly, and an app the United States, joining the railways which are level all the mountainous encumbrances of the for, to Summerville, 21 1-2 miles-beyond which The immensity of barren hills in the Summerville is nearly completed, and ready for trafast spreading through that country, and which island, and gain as it were new kingdoms from the work progresses rapidly. The mile boyond will soon roach from New York to Boston, and the sea. through the whole New England States. This west of Scotland would suffice, in the shallow velling; the next mile is now capping and railing, railway will not only bring to the Atlantic the soundings of the Irish sea, to cover the whole with a force of 38 men, including carpenters; belumber, provisions, metal and other exports of the breadth of the channel between Scotland and yond that, the succeeding mile is all capped, and aprovinces; but from the situation of the harbour of Ireland, and from the Rachlin Island to the Isle of bout half the rails on, with all the timber ready; Halifax, a thousand miles nearer than the United Man. Thus, by our immense cominand of machinery the next two miles are wholly finished. The disStates to Europe, it will doubtless command the and labor, the surface of the island may, in time, tanco thence to the Cypress Swamp, 1 1-4 miles, whole stream of passengers, mails and light articles by the levelling of the mountains, be doubled in being mostly on sleepers, has all the ground sills of commerce, passing into the British possessions extent; nor is it improbable that after ages may sce and cross pieces down, and but about five days work throughout, and the capping and railing going on and to the United States, and every part of the con- millions of acres of corn waving upon land gained of piling to join the Cypress contract, which, howstinent of America. A line of packets has long been from the sea, or upon the base of now cold and ver formidable it has hitherto appeared, is now piled The disuse of horses is also amongst the greatest briskly. The next 3 1-2 miles will be finished in aprojected from the harbour of Valentia, upon the barren mountains. western coast of Ireland, to Halifax, by which the passage across the Atlantic may be performed by advantages of the railway system, for not only upon bout four weeks; the Four Hole Swamp is piled steam shipping in about ten days in the summer the roads, but with certain agricultural improve- through, and the carpenter's work going on rapidly; months; and when passengers may be afterwards ments which are not far distant, it is probable that five miles thence upwards are finished and ironed; conveyed from Halifax by railways to all interme- the use of this animal may be superseded altogether, the succeeding six miles want but about one thoudiate distances, and even to the extremity of the and as one half of the produce of the earth is con- sand feet of rails to bo completed; and the next provinces in a single day, saving to emigrants the sumed by the horse, and as his existence is slavery, contracts, to the Edisto, are in a state which will The whole is under contract to persons belonging time, fatigue, and expense of travelling in a now his latter stage one protracted agony, and his car- render their completion cortain by the 10th of Sepnevolenco ought to rejoice to see this abused though finish below, are sent up, so as to expedite the work. country, it is obvious how rapidly these works will casc useless to man, the statesman and man of bo- tomber. On all these contracts, the hands, as they facilitate the population of the colonios. And not agriculture and manufactures alone, but to the state, and mostly residing on the line, om Indeed, if the difficulties and expense of con-noble creature disappearing from the world. structing these works in our North American colo. nies were tenfold greater, an imperative necessity the shipping interest will also derive its advantages ploying a force of near six hundred hands, indeponwould exist for their adoption, if it is desired by the from the railway system. Vessels may then be dent of horses employed by the contractors. The government of this country to maintain an equality built, repaired, or laid up in the interior of the bridge across the Edisto, which is sixty-five miles of commercial advantages with the neighbouring country in the vicinity of marine railways, and in from town, has all the abutments piled, and the United States: for the splendid advantages of the more cheap and convenient situations than the timbor has been ready since January last; it is to railway system aro well understood in that country, shipyards in the seaport towns; whilst the great loss be sixty feet span, and supported by one arch; the where great navigable rivers are about to be super- of timber and iron, occasioned by the breaking up of carpenter's work of which is now going on. The ceded by railways of vast magnitude, reaching over vessels no longer seaworthy, may be saved by the first four miles beyond the Edisto are now ready for hundreds of miles. Upon one of these, about ninety employment of their hulls in transporting goods the iron; and the ten miles in succession thence are miles are already completed from Charleston, through upon marine railways. The whole coasting trade of rapidly progressing. Theso, with the next fifty the States of South Carolina and Tennessee, to the the kingdom will be annihilated, and the saving of miles, are under contract to the Messrs. Gray, who work is in a very advaneed state, and from the peMississippi at the mouth of the Ohio, a distance of vessels and property now annually wrecked round have on the same, with their sub-contractors, a very six hundred miles. Another great line is rapidly ap- our iron-bound coast will repay a thousand fold the large force, and a steam mill, together with numeOn the thirty-five miles proaching to completion from Baltimore to the Ohio; expense of constructing the railways required in rous saw mills, propelled by water power. Their I cannot dismiss the subject of railways, without rusal of several reports of recent date, there is a very and a third is now proposed from Philadelphia to every part of the kingdom. the Western States, in the course of which it is proposed to tunnel the Alleghany mountains. a political suggestion of the expediency of a low great probability of the whole being completed by Indeed, in no country will the results of the railway rate of tell. That the country may derive the full the first of January next. system be so extensivo as in the United States, for benefit of the railway system, the government ought nearest Augusta, a force equal to five hundred and it will annihilate their only disadvantago, inland to limit the toll to the lowest remunerating rate, it twenty men were employed on the 21st inst. and country |