MISCELLANY. ded by obstacles and vast difficulties to impedo the liams and carried him up to the beach, above high It is not one of the least striking peculiarities or and are still experiencing, the reality and the value milk. By this time, several men, armed with spears, of such an asylum. Many are they, who, by the F. P. SANTANDER. bows and arrows, came, and bid us begone. We wont down to our boat; the natives followed us, exorcise of their talents and acquirements, obtain [From the Boston Daily Advertiser of Tuesday.] and began to plunder. They soon stripped her of honorable independence for themselves, and advan. FROM THE EAST COAST OF AFRICA. We are indebt. every thing. During the time of the plunder, Wil tageously requite at the same time, the bonefiets thy ed to Capt. Burnham, of the schr. Complex, who liams died, and we buried him in the sand. They receive. To this distinguished list is recently added arrived at this port on Saturday evening, (says the then took us into the country. Thomas Leigh, apa new name, that of Señor Miguel Cabrera de Ne-Salem Register) in 98 days from Majunga, for the prentice, was taken a different direction from our. selves, and we saw him no more. Nov. 21, two na. vares, heretofore the Governor of Provinces in Old following information. The Complex, on her passage from Lamoo to tives brought us to Codishoo, and a few days be. Spain, now a fugitive and an exile, for the sole Zanzibar, stopped at Mowbas Feb. 9. His highness fore we left there, the Governor informed us that crime of loving freedom better than power, and of the Imaum of Muskat, with a 74, three frigates, 6 Leight had died. Our treatment at that place was having hazarded all, life, liberty and property, in its gun brigs, and many dows, were there, bombarding bad. We are on our way to the Imaum of Muscat, cause. M. Cabrera has recently arrived here from the town. On board the ship of the Imaum, the at Zanzibar. We have great doubts whether the Paris, bringing, as was to be expected from the Liverpool 74, Capt. Burnham saw a man, who was other boat ever reached the ship-We left her in the cabin boy and only survivor of the crew of the lat 4 S. between the longitude of Aldabra and the character and career of both, the warmest letters ship Essex, of this port, taken by the pirates in those Jeychelles, and ran by reckoning a distance of near from Lafayette. One of his first acts on arriving seas about twenty five years ago. He spoke very 800 miles. The wind after we had left the ship 4 or and finding an alarm of Cholera prevailing, was to little English-said he was born in Salein-that his 5 days, changed to the N." name was John Orne, and he thought he might| They felt very grateful to Armain Sin Syde, an have some relations in Salem who would be pleased Arab at Lamoo, who speaks English, for his very to hear from him; he had embraced the Mabom. kind treatment and hospitality towards them, and medan religion and appeared to have lost all attach wished to have their narrative published in the A. ment to his native country-he, however, could merican papers. On the arrival of Capt. Burnham NEW YORK, JUNE 22d, 1832. speak and write English, but it was very imperfect. at St. Helena, he learnt that the ship Sophia had Sir: I have it in direction from the Board of fle appeared to be contented, and was a petty officer been at the Cape and the Captain reported having Health of this city, to present you their thanks for on board the ship, the commander of which was an lost two of his boats in the same latitude and in the the regulations published by the Prefect of the De. Arab. During the engagement at Mowbas, he was same manner as described in Campbell and Wilson's partment of Seine, in France, which have been wounded through the right thigh by a musket ball, narrative; that after searching for a number of days but was doing well. in vain to find them, he concluded they were lost, transmitted to them by you. Those papers, con transmit to the Board of Health, with a very appropriate letter, the latest instructions relied on in Paris for its treatment. The following is the reply from the Mayor to that communication : der. from their narrative: of taining directions in relation to the prevention and Capt. Burnham received a letter from his high. and proceeded to the Cape to recruit his crew. By cure of the Cholera, are extremely useful at thisness the Inaum, for the President of the U. States. this it appears probable that Campbell and Wilson In July last, John Jones, seaman, and John Chap. were the only survivors out of both boats' crews. interesting period. Your past life having been honorably devoted to man, cook, both from New York, deserted the schooner, and purchased a boat, for the purpose Loss of Ships.-A correspondent of the Boston the political freedom and happiness of your own native land, it is pleasing to observe the same phi. going to the island of Juan de Nova to procure shell; Gazette furnishes the following remarkable facts: From an examination of Lloyd's Lists, from the lanthropic feelings of regard to the happiness of but were enticed on shore by the natives on the others actuating your conduct in this your adopted Madagascar side and massacred for the sake of plun. year 1793 to the commencement of 1829, it has appeared that the number of British vessels alone, lost country. I have the honor to be respectfully your obedient servant, WALTER BOWNE, Mayor. Two Englishmen, John Campbell and James Wil. during that period, amounted, on an average, to no The Hon. Michael Cabrera, son, arrived at Lamoo in February last, in an Indian less than one and a half daily. We learn from Ex.Governor of several Provinces in Spain. vessel from Magadoxa. The following is an extract Moreau's tables, that the number of merchant ves. sels employed at one time in the navigation of Eng*M. Cabrera now stands among us safe indeed, but| We lost sight of our ship (the Sophia, Capt. land and Scotland amounts to about 20,000, having, stripped of every thing but honor and his good name. Acock, of London,) on the 20th of Nov. 1831. une with another, a burthen of 120 tons. Out of 551 ships, of the royal navy of England, His purpose now is to make his education available On the 9th, saw whales, lowered all the boats, four in number, and succeeded in killing four whales. At lost to the country during the period above mention. to his support, and by teaching his native language, noon, the 10th, more whales in sight. The Captained, only 160 were taken or destroyed by the enemy ; the pure Castilian,—the French, which he well un-ordered the chief and second mates' boats to be low the rest having either stranded or foundered, or hav derstands, and the guitar, on which he is a proficient ered. We killed one and whiffled it, by which time ing been burnt by accident; a striking proof that the to earn an honorable livelihood. We cordially recom. we could hardly see the vessel; struck the second dangers of naval warfare, however great, may be far exceeded by the storm, the hurricane, the shoal, mend him to these who may be seeking instruction one, who went dead to windward with us, till we and all the other perils of the deep. lost sight of our ship altogether-the vessel making in either of these branches. His address is No. 133 all lee-way; owing to the four whales alongside. During the last great war in Europe, 32 British Greenwich strect, or at this office, to the eare of the James Wilson, second bowinan, observed before ships of the line went to the bottom in the space of Editor. we killed the second whale, we had better cut loose twenty-two years, besides 7 fifty gun ships, 86 fri. and search for the ship, but no attention was paid gates, and a multitude of smaller vessels. The na. *GEN. SANTANDER.-The following letter from the to it. We made fast the tow line, and towed thevies of the other European powers, France, Holland, * President of Colombia, on leaving this city, for Car. whale to leeward, till 5 P. M. when the chief inate's Spain and Denmark, were almost annihilated during boat left us to search for the ship, and if he found the same period, so that the aggregate of their losses thagena, is published in the Daily Advertiser, to her, he was to let off a blue light. Our boat towed must have many times exceeded that of Great whose editors it was addressed: Britain. the whale till dark, when we stopped and lay by the These numbers, we believe, far exceeded what Gentlemen-On leaving the United States, it is whale, keeping good watch. About 1 A. M. a incumbent on me publicly to declare, that I feel whistle resembling a boatswain's call was heard, most people would have supposed. To this immense deeply impressed with gratitude for the kind recep. when we let off our blue light, in hopes, if it was loss of ships of war and of commerce, the imagina. tion I have experienced in the cities I have visited, the boat, they would make towards us; but no re. tion must be left to supply the incalculable amount and particularly in New York, where I have resided turn was made. On the 11th at day-light, whiffled of wealth swallowed up with them, and the thou. for considerable time. I shall never forget this the whale and sailed to Jeeward as far as we could sands of human beings who thus found a watery kindness; and nothing would afford me more satis discern the whale, but neither ship or boat could see. grave. faction than to have it my power to return, by per- We returned to the fish, cut off some blubber, and sonal services the attention I have received. killed a shark. We then consulted whether it was East India Commerce,-The number of vessela whi I trust that the American people, whose prosperi. best to stop a day or two and look for the vessel or ed at A jier, pa·si g the straits of Sunda ty and happiness I view with admiration, will pre- make for the land. All (six in number) agreed to 1831. and home were 238. Of these were Dutchserve a close sympathy for the cause of Liberty in make for the land at once (having neither bread nor 18 out. 57 home; French 2 out 1 hose; Spanish 3 out 20 ut. 54 home; America 29 out 29 home; English, Colombia, and for all of us who belong to her, in water in the boat,) which, if it pleased God, we 2 hoine; Hamburg 2 out, 1 hom; Russia 1 out; Swethe whole continent of America. might reach in a week. Accordingly we steere aish do; Danish I kome." I trust also that the enlightened writors of this N by W course for the African coast. On the 17th, country will give us sincere and useful advice, to Mr. John Watson, 2d mate, and John Townsend, point out to us the path which we ought to persue apprentice, died. The same night, experienced a re is at le gui, web lieve we may say, on its way Cleopatra's Needle.-One of these remarkable pilto obtain the happiness of the people. I trust they severe gale of wind, sea running very high-lower- for England; the other is destined for France. The will defend us from the invectives and calumnies of ed the sail, and put dredge on the boat. At Parha of Egypt, some time ago, presented them to ho our enemies, remembering that in periods when party 4 the next morning. the gale abated, and we made t European governments, and vessels have been cont spirit prevails, passions are over excited and irrita. sail again, and during that day, Mr. Williams, beat out fr heir trang ort bither. Parlament has voted ted; and that they will excuse any new errors which steerer, began to show some symptoms of derange. a sum of money, 10.0001., to defray the expense on our may be committed, recollecting that me nations ment. On the morning of the 19th, we made the part; but we think it probable that the cost will be more than the new States of America, are surroun-[land, and ran heedless on the shore. Lifted Wil.\greater.—[Loudou Literary Gazotle.] AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL. ON SIR R. PEEL'S LENGTHY HARANGUES. And shows of common sense you've scarce a tittle, 'Tie said that walls have ears-if this be true, The Infant Saviour of all blossomings 447 From Heaven's blue womb hath passed; and for the sake in air redemption and soft gloryings. The world, as though inspired, erectly flings Its shadowy caronels away, to slake A holy thirst for light: and one by one The enamoured hills-with many a startled dell, SALES OF REAL ESTATE AT AUCTION The Duc de Luzmbourg was named Bouteville :) St. Stephen's wails the gift must often rue. action. The military career of Luxembourg was marked by alternations of idleness and victory; he seemed to have only to make an effort to triumph over his enemies. His coup d'œil was extremely accurate; in the face of the enemy he was calm, deliberate, prudent; and on the day of battle, full of confi. dence and boldness, and, at the same time, a coolness which enabled him to see and foresee evory. thing in the midst of the hottest fire and the most imminent danger. It was then that he was really great; in all other matters he was indolence itself. Play, and gay conversation with his intimate friends, and every evening private suppers with select friends, were all he seemed to care for: at them neverything was forgotten for gaiety, and if he was near a town, women were always added to the party. At such times he was inaccessible; he neither gave an order nor received a message, and however urgent, he was never interrupted. He lived to the age of sixty-seven, leading the same life, and acting as if he thought himself but twenty. five. At last, however, age, temperament, and conformation, combined to betray him, and he sunk in the midst of a most brilliant carcer.-[St. Simon's Memoirs of the Court of Louis XIV.] [From the London Figaro.] SEES AT A DISCOUNT.-Earl Grey has offered the Bishoprick of Hereford to his brother the Rev. Dr. Grey, but if the latter accepts it, he must relinquish a great portion of his income. sacrifice about 1000l. per annum.-[Court Journal.] He would in fact The above paragraph is one of the most singular which we ever had the pleasure of perusing. When we hear of a person being about to accept a bishoprick, we generally find some account of his qualifi cation for the high office; but here the thing is put quite in a novel light, and it is made a condescension on the part of the Rev. Dr Grey, to have sub. mitted to an elevation to the Bench of Bishops. This is really a refinement on an excuse for bestowing preferment on a near relation. How consider. Ate of Earl Grey not to inflict a See upon some per. son indifferent to him, but to have sacrificed a bro. ther on the occasion of his having a vacant bishoprick to bestow on some resolute individual who might be worthy of the martyrdom. Parliamentary Openings.-The members having met once more, will prevent the necessity of our discontinuing any longer the above highly popular department of Figaro. Lord Worncliff said he was half inclined- The Lord Chancellor was not disposed to flatter- Lord Lyndharst enid that as to the bill he was at present unprepared Lord Plunket said he was always glad to receive- Mr. Percival said he had for many years takenPENNY TRASH-Mr. Knight's Magazine, although it is a Penny, has neither head nor tale. We pre sume the only reason for its great circulation is, that people take it for a penny. There's one fact which confounds me quite, EUCLID REFUTED. (A part is not equal to the AXIOM.) This is a vulgar error, as I'll prove, Or freely forfeit half a pipe of sherry; Tis plain one sixteenth part of Broughan's sense, A TRANSPORTABLE OFFENCE.-Lard Lyndhurst af INQUEST EXTRAORDINARY. POETRY. [FOR THE NEW YORK AMERICAN.] Is laid in colors which can never fade.-The False Artist. Not hers the charms which Laura's lover drew, Such could it light him through this world of pain- What though, that smile might beam alike on all- Now heamed her beauty in resistless light, [From "Women as they are," a MS. Poem.] DAWN. ng Sonnet, which the Albany Daily Advertiser quotes an Wake from your misty nests-instinctive wake, 1 do. on 23d street, between 21 and 3d avenues, do. 670 do. do. do. 610 1 do. do. do. do. do.... 590 1 do. corner of 2d avenue, do. 750 do. on 24th street, between 5d and 3d avenues, do." 310 1 do. do. do. do. do. 495 1 do. do. do do. do. 480 1 do. do. do. do. do. 480 do. do. do.. I do. do. do. do. 1 'do. do. do. do.. da. 450 By W. F. Pell & Co. the 2d avenue, at Harlaem, 25 by 100 feet. $150 A two story House and two Lots, together 61 by 100 at the south east corner of 4th avenue and 86th street, 3 Lots on the north side of 36th street, 250 feet east of ith avenue, 25 by 100, the above, 25x100 feet, 160 1700 each 70 2 do. adjoining do. I do. on 3d avenue, between 85th and 86th streets, 9 do. with buildings on, 6 do. on the south side of 86th street, between 3d and 4th avenues, 120 each 90 185 1700 -་ From the N. Orleans Price Current of 18th June.' The weather continues to be dry and dusty, particularly unpleasant in the city, and quite unfavorable to the planting inteThe Mississippi continues to recede, and was yesterday 2 feet 6 inches below high water mark. rest. A statement of the amount of cotton and tobacco on the 13th of June: In presses and warehouses On shipboard, not cleared On board of steamboats, &c. and on the Levee .... Cleared prior to taking stock.. Cotton Tobacco 67,932 15,968 16,839 { 2,424 ... Cleared since our last report....... 14,540 2,205 874 1,743 1,155 106 Stock yesterday morning.. SUGAR has none other than local demand: it is offered, we are informed, at 5 cents per pound on plantation. Cleared this week, 537 hhus. 35 bris. MOLASSES, in the city, continues to be sold by the small lot at 24 a 25 cents per gallon, casks included-it is scarce. Cleared this week, 349 ɓhds. 60 brls. TOBACCO-from two to three thousand hħds. have been sold this week, at 2, 3 and 4 cents per lb., principally low running lots, the average of which did not exceed 3 cents per lb. high running and fine lots are not in demand. Cleared this week, for Havre, 416 hhds., Bremen 244, Gottenburg 305, New York 549, Boston 105, Philadelphia 12, Baltimore 40, Richmond 168, Norfolk 2-together 1841. Arrived this week, 1119. Stock on hand, 19055. LIME-the demand has very much decreased-$2.25 per cask were the last sales of Thomaston. In the ship North America, sailed on 18. inet. for LiverpoolRJ Wyckoff, of New York; Mrs Sarah Scantleoury, Albany; Mr and Mrs Stansbury, Hudson; Isaac B Burrows, Pennsylva nia; Jas Chapman and - Conner, Charleston SC; Wm Kerr, Virginia; Abrim Stansfield, Savannah; Dr Luzenberg & lady, JE Morse, J Hampden, J Lockhart, lady, two children, and ser vant, Madame Carick, Jas Grimshaw, and Alex Sloane, New. Orleans; N Wa'lop, St Johns NB; Jas Crooks, Upper Canada; John Ross, Berbice; Hugh McCal.not, and Dr Curror, Demera. ra; Don Aleja Fortique, Venezuela, Col.; Count de Neverlee, lady, and two servants, Mad. Emily de Chapotin le Mesne and servant, Havana; John Robinson, Leede; Jas Badger, London; JC Leaker, Yorkshire; Col. Hewitt, Brit. Army, Rev Mr Hewitt, Chan Hewitt, Jas Haliday, Jos Gratback and lady, England; Dr McLean and Jos Sketch, Scotland; Gerard C Coster and servant, and Gustavus Schmidt, Germany. In the packet ship Silas Richards, from Liverpool-D. Smith and lady, Miss Tatem, of Philad.; S. Gordon and lady, Miss Gordon, Miss 8. Gordon, W. Gordon, J. Gordon, B. Gordon, S. Gordon, of Virginia; J. C. McFarlane, of Manchester; Fras. F. Derr, of N. York; J. W. Campion, N. Canada, James Mill. and J, Duxbury of England. Per-orig Martha, from Ponce, P.R.-J Perkins, D ́A Graves and M Foly. four of the crew of Brig Nestor, ulsuuoted at 200 in a galoj pat In the British brig Hero, from Greenock-Messts Cameron & In the brig Bunker Hill, from Port au Prince-Mr and Miss In the British brig Rose Hill, from London-Joshua and Handy, and Carmen, and 3 in the steerage. In the schoo er Even T. Ellicot, from Mayagues, P.R. and The Board of Health have the gratification to state, after a full report of the medical staff and at. tending physicians, made to-day, that there is not single case of disease in the city resembling Asiatic Cholera, or infection of any sert; and that the city is healthy. They deem it proper to add, in relation to the two cases reported yesterday, that they arose from habits and from peculiar exposure which could scarcely have failed to produce fatal results at any time. [From the Albany Argus Extra, of 4th inst.] LATEST FROM CANADA.-Montreal. The Montreal Gazette and Courant of the 30th ult. represent the health of that city still in proving. Few cases had dot half past 7 hall past do In Southbridge, Mass. on the 26th of April last, Oliver Plimp Parties of twenty or more persons can be accommodated at ton, Esq. aged 73 years, a soldier of the Revolution. In 1776, when 17 years old, he enlisted for six months, under Captain either of the above hours with a private Car. FARE reduced to Is 6d--Children under 12 years of age, half Jona. Carroll, and was stationed at Nantucket, in Boston harbor. While there, a large British provision ship was dis-price.-Paterson, June 20th, 1832. ELIAS B. D. OGDEN, Secretary covered by the "Yankees," with false colors; and he, with NB.-Persons leaving Hoboken by the 8 o'clock Stage, eight others, were sent to take possession of her. The enemy them they wers prisoners to the Americans. In March 1777, Passaic, and other objects of interest in the flourishing town of je:23 old her they wheat when our heroes leaped on hoard, and Aquack anonk, will have ample dime to view the Falls for enlisted for three years under Captain Adam Martin, of Paterson, and return to New-York the same day. RAILROAD OFFICE, 35 WALL-STREET. JOURNAL. CONTENTS. Editorial Notices, &c......449| Home Affairs.... Congress.. ..458 NEW-YORK, JULY 14, 1832. VOLUME I....NO. 29. 452 Prices of Stocks, Bank Note If by any change of model, or new and ingenious hawk and Hudson Railroad Co., one mile south of &C...... of which the settlement is of immense importance, Springs, and the latter including a free use of the 457 as to the utility or necessity of Railroads at all,-mineral waters, being considered one of the most safe places of retreat during the existence of the chowhether,upon roads of common materials, made upon lera, would it not be advisable for the owners of and Erie Railroad Route 449 The Voto, Death of Gen. Railroad Experiments... .....449 Wendell, Indian War, &c.461 the best models, and especially, whether, upon McA- steamboats to land such passengers as might not Relative advantages of Ca- Summary, Miscellany.....462 nale and Railroads...... .450 Poetry..... .463 damized roads, steam.carriages cannot be propelled. wish to pass through Albany, at the dock of the MoCholera. the city? This would exempt passengers from any Literary Notices.. ....464 Table, Marriages, Deaths, 464 application of power, such carriages can be intro. exposure whatever, and would enable them to proForeign Intelligence......455 The AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL is pub-duced upon ordinary roads, they must, even though ceed to the Springs in about three hours, without inlished at 35 Wall-street, New-York, at $3 a year, in advance. the rate of travelling be considerably slower, or the terruption and without the fatigue and annoyance power requisite to propel an equal weight considera. from the dust heretofore encountered on the stage half past six, at ten A. M., and at half past three bly greater, go far to supersede Railroads, because route. Trains of carriages from the Springs leave at of the immense saving in the first cost of construct- P. M. ing common roads, even upon the most improved AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL. NEW-YORK, JULY 14, 1932. C. We have been favored with the following interesting and satisfactory account of some experiments The extracts given in this number from the Phila. principles. Hence we would counsel-not discouragement-made on the 3d and 4th instant, with a locomotive delphin edition of Wood's Treatise upon Railroads, discuss the practicability and relative advantages of not doubts as to persevering in the essential and engine, on the New Castle and Frenchtown Raillic upon the result.-[Nat. Gaz.] Railroads or Canals, and these should be attentively profitable enterprizes of opening new channels of road, and congratulate the stockholders and the pub Railroad Experiments.-Extract from the Report read and duly weighed. The conclusion in favor of communication through our country,-but such de. Railroads rather than Canals, is certainly sustained lay as will ensure eventually to each undertaking of John Randel, Esq. Engineer in Chief of the New the benefit of all the experience and knowledge of Castle and Frenchtown Railroad Company, to the by many strong reasons, derived as well from considerations of profit as of the public health. In our those, who are already so far in that they must Board of Directors, dated New Castle, July 4, 1832, relative to the performance of the locomotive し a speed of climate these latter are entitled to great weight, and go on. [For the Railroad Journal.] the further you go South the more imperative they PUBLIC SURVEY OF THE NEW YORK AND ERIE R.MILbecome. If, too, in what may be called the compa. rative infancy of Railroads-for it is hardly to be ROAD ROUTE.-Wo have the satisfaction to announcgine between this place and Frenchtown, and have The large radii of our curves (tho least bedoubted that much improvement will yet be made in that the application sometime since made to the the satisfaction of being able to say that it works their construction, &c.-their advantages over Ca- General Government, on behalf of the New York woll. without a ating its velocity. In going yesterday to nals are so many, it is reasonable to argue that time and Erie Railroad Company, met with a most favoring 10,000 feet) will enable us to pass through them and experience will constantly augment them, by able reception, and that au order has beon issued Frenchtown we passed through the 5th curve (raNew Castle we passed through adding to the facilities or diminishing the expense of from the Department of War for a completo survey dius 20,000 feet) with a velocity of 15 miles per hour. wards of 20 miles per hour. and estimates of the proposed route hence to Lake and in returning to t with a velocity of up. Railroads. "Although every part of our road is in good reThere are, however, strong reasons, as it seems Erie. It is further gratifying to state, that the exe. to us, for desiring that the construction of Railroads cation of this highly important survey is committed pair, yet to insure safety the embankments were in this country should not yet be too rapidly pressed, to a distinguished member of the corps of Engineers, crossed with a reduced velocity, shutting off the and the chief of them may be gathered from what is Col. De Witt Clinton, who may be supposed to feel steam a short distance before we arrived at each of whole distruge in grir hour and when turning welve miles per said above, as to the infancy of the system, and the a very lively personal and hereditary interest in this them, notwithstanding which we averaged for the fair presumption that much remains to be discover- great undertaking through his --ed concerning it. Honca It 18 the part or prudence to open what is deemed the shortest, most feasible, to New Castle (twelve miles of the distance being that the numerous associations authorized in differ. and most important avenue from the Atlantic to the performed after dark) we ave raged upwards of ten in which we passed from one nile post to another, ent States, to construet Railroads, should proceed Lakes, and from the Eastern to the Northern States. miles per hour. The shortest period of time with very leisurely, in order, that when they do begin, We congratulate the public on this early prospect of was two minutes (or at the rate of thirty miles per they may have all the benefit of previous experi- an able and impartial survey under such auspices.-hour): this was performed between the seventh and straight and level. A part of th is mile was run o The Balimore and Ohio Railroad, the Mo- We understand that a sufficient force is placed under eighth mile from New Castle, where the road is ver with a velocity of upwards of forty miles per hawk and Hudson, and others, now in operation, he direction of Col. Clinton to constitute two parwill afford practical illustration of what there is of ties, and that his survey will be of like extent with hour, and from the small portion of steam used to good, and what defective-particular regard being the reconnoisance performed by him last autumn, obtain that velocity, I have no doubt that the whole had to our climate and seasons-in the present modes which terminated at a point on the Ohio Canal, near distance of sixteen miles and half from New Casof constructing such roads. Nothing, or next to the portage summit., We doubt not he will be mest tle to Frenchtown, can be passed over with this encordially welcomed by the inhabitants of every por- gine and tender in the short space of twenty minunothing in time, will be lost by such delay; for the tion of the route, and receive from them every pos- tes, or at the extraordinary rate of fifty miles per surveys may all proceed, and such other prepara- sibte aid. tions, as will in any event be indispensable. Moreover, To Steamboat Owners.-A Railroad communicabesides the possible and probable improvements in Railroads, it is yet a point to be settled, and one tion being now completed from Albany to Saratoga ments. [COMMUNICATED.] hour, a speed far surpassing, and perhaps trebling the velocity which for some ti me to come will be agreeable to the passengers crossing this peninsula. "The fuel employed in making these experiments was pine wood." 450 [From the National Gazette.] AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL. rics to Canals. The expense, injury, and inconve- Railway which might remain uninjured. The inA Philadelphia friend who at the beginning of last nience of transhipment, (which attends their use in jury could be speedily repaired, and the travelling when they form branches to a Railroad: Establish. No injury would be sustained by the embankments; week travelled the Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road, these cases,) render them less advantageous than would be either uninterrupted or slightly impeded. has handed to us the following communication The journey on the Railroad from Baltimore to ments may be advantageously supported by means of for it would require as much labor and time to de- Certainty of Transportation on Railroads and te utility or impressive effect. If I were writing an the limited period in which they would be employed. bankments, and strew their ruins over the desolated eay on the durability of the union of these states, I The greater exemption from injury, (at least of that fields below them. Many miles of the canal would should point to the Railroad as presenting one of species which interrupts teamsportation,) which cha- thus be rendered unnavigable. The injury inflicted the surest means and guarantees of that all impor- racterize Railroads, has already been mentioned, and on a Railroad is confined to the spot where the outtant object; and I cannot help regarding this inven the causes of it explained. The observation may be rage is perpetrated. Canals have been injured, in The use of Canals is, from all these various tion, as well as the discovery of steam, by which made, that no interruption, even of a single day, has the manner just mentioned, in the United States; the evils of so vast an extent of country are neutra. occurred on any of the double track Railroads since and the Editor has seen the damage which, on one lized, and its different portions brought as near to their first introduction into the United States. On or two occasions, has been sustained. gether in reality, as the eye is in appearance with the Mauch Chunk Railroad, (which is a single lino, the object which it beholds through a telescope, as hastily constructed, and the materials and plan not causes, not only limited, but also very uncertain: but five days, from its commencement in 1827 to the ment's warning; sometimes for weeks, and even proofs that we are destined to remain united in calculated for duration,) intorruption has occurred fleets of boats are frequently detained without a mospite of every threatening subject of severance. Of some Canals in the United States, the p. The present winter has afforded a striking ilThe distance from Baltimore to the Point of Rock present time. Other roads have been even more for-months; sometimes, also, they are suddenly frozen is about seventy miles, and is accomplished in six or tunate. seven hours. The country through which the road remark may be made, rather that they have been oc-lustration of the defects of Canals. The transition runs is generally interesting, the cars are comforta- casionally navigable, and not that they have been from autumn to a most severe winter was effected York Canals are free from ice only two hundred frozen up, and thousands, and tens of thousands of ble, the horses fine, and the company always in good occasionally interrupted by accidents. The New in a few hours; hundreds of boats were suddenly spirits-nolens volens, we might almost say. Coming events cast their shadows before; but whatever good our sister city may derive, I have no hesitation in saying that it will not be greater than the industry, the activity, the intelligence and the hospitality of her citizens deserve. M. [From the Philadelphia edition of Wood's Treatise on Railroads. -Continuation of Chap. X.] 2nd. Practicability of constructing Railroads and Canals. The benefits which must accrue from the Rail- and twenty days on an average in each year.-tons of coal, produce and merchandize, could not be road to Baltimore I would not venture to predict: In Pennsylvania the streams of the country are free taken to their places of destination. The cities of canals are impeded by ice sooner than flowing supply of fuel; the most serious inconvenience, and the sun-set of life has not given me that "mystical from ice about 240 or 250 days in each year. The Philadelphia and New York were destitute of their seams. For several years, commencing with 1820, even intense suffering among the poor, was the relore" by which the winters were unusually mild; hence, the actual sult; several persons perished in consequence of the period when the Pennsylvania canals (the majority cold; whilst a raging epidemic spread misery and have been free from ice, ought not to be taken as a The price of fuel rose 100, and even 200, per cent. of which have been constructed since that year) death in a greater proportion among the destitute.fair average, although the advocates of canals have The whole commerce of the country was paralyzed. been pleased to rely on it. Some of our canals are If Railroads had been adopted in lieu of the existing elevated above the level of the ocean; consequently without any interruption. The city of Baltimore her Railroads: fuel was sold at the usual price. The situated among the mountains, and in districts much Canals, transportation could have been offarted the tide water. they are frozen for a longer time than those near was abundantly supplied, every day, by means of The above period of 250 days will be lessened by saving in this single article has been sufficient to 1st. Railroads can be made in every situation Great interruption is often occa-preciated. During the previous winter a deep snow where they may be required; physical obstacles may drought in summer, and by leaks, breaches, and render the value of these roads more generally ap increase the expense of construction, or diminish other accidents. the capability of the road when made, but no diffi- sioned by the frequent freshets of our rivers, which, covered the country-the Canals, as usual, were culties will ever be insurmountable when the wants rising in their might, shake off the trammels which sealed with ice, and even the great highways of the of commerce demand a Railroad. Mountains can the puny efforts of man have attempted to prescribe country were for some days impassable. The snow be scaled, the steepest precipices climbed, the deep. for their governance: vast masses of ice, huge drifts were heaped up in the excavations of the est valleys and wildest streams, and most treacher- trees, and the wrecks of bridges, dams, and other Railroads to a height of many feet, but the applica. The great rivers of our country, by means of ous and fathomless morasses passed, by a Railroad. structures, are borne away by a resist!ess force, tion of the snow-plough removed every impediment Want of water-great inequalities of surface, or and hurled with tremendous force against the dams from the rails, and the intercourse continued with. change in the elevation, porous or cavernous soil, and banks of the Canals which they encounter in out interruption. or marshes, and other difficulties,often would ren- their progress. Some of the dams of the Pennsylyear. During the last year, the navigation of the is conveyed, usually rise, and are in good condition der Canals impracticable in situations where they vania Canal are injured, or prostrated, almost every which most of the interior commerce of our citizens might otherwise be useful. The cargo of a Railroads can be constructed at a comparatively whole western division was suspended for the sum. for navigation very early in the spring, or in the small expense in hilly countries; sometimes at a mer and autumn by accidents; and the State Canals early and latter part of the winter: they rise and cost not greater than if the route were perfectly have, from these causes, been navigable only for a fall rapidly at all seasons: the Canals which con. level; and, when the trade is chiefly in one direc- few months in each year. During the present year, nect them are often necessarily of great length, and tion and descending, (which is generally the case in already have three great dams, which are essential trameled by numerous locks. the U. States,) sich Railroads are superior to those to the supply of the loading Canals of Ponnsylvania, boat, if sent from Philadelphia to Pittsburg by the |