tions, the list of whom is at present imperfect), is | M.D., Albert L. Gihon. M.D., John P. Gray, offered herewith.

Dental and Oral Surgery.-Jonathan Taft, M.D., Professor of Dental and Oral Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., Cincinnati, Ohio.

VICE-PRESIDENTS OF SECTIONS.

General Medicine.-W. W. Cleaver, M.D., Kentucky; J. A. Octerlony, M.D., Kentucky; P. G. Robinson, M.D., Missouri; Thomas F. Rochester, M.D., New York; Preston B. Scott, M.D., Kentucky.

General Surgery.-Professor Filanus, Holland; Moses Gunn, M. D., Illinois; J. W. Hamilton, M.D., Ohio; W. H. Hingston, M.D., Canada; James M. Holloway, M.D., Kentucky; J. C. Hutchison, M.D., New York; N. S. Lincoln, M.D., District of Columbia; Donald MacLean, M.D., Michigan; Donald Macrea, M.D., Iowa; M. Storrs, M.D., Connecticut.

Military and Naval Surgery and Medicine.— C. J. Cleborne, M.D., United States Navy; E. H. Gregory, M.D., Missouri; W. T. Hord, M.D., United States Navy; Frederick Hyde, M.D., New York; G. L. Porter, M.D., Connecticut; William E. Taylor, M.D., United States Navy; Edward Warren-Bey, M.D., France; B. A. Watson, M.D., New Jersey.

Obstetrics.-Gustav Braun, M.D., Austria; P. Budin, M.D., France; J. Galabin, M.D., England; John Goodman, M.D., Kentucky; W. M. Knapp, M.D., Nebraska; R. Lowry Sibbett, M.D. Pennsylvania; Isaac E. Taylor, M.D., New York.

Gynecology.-N. Bozeman, M.D., New York; Henry O. Marcy, M.D., Massachusetts; T. A. Reamy, M.D., Ohio; H. R. Storer, M.D., Rhode Island.

Therapeutics and Materia Medica.-Henry M. Field, M.D., New Hampshire; Albert Frické, M.D., Pennsylvania; George Gray, M.D., Ireland.

Laryngology.-M. F. Coomes, M.D., Kentucky; J. H. Hartman, M.D., Maryland; J. O. Roe, M.D., New York; E. L. Shurley, M.D., Michigan; G. V. Woolen, M.D., Indiana.

Dermatology and Syphilis.-James M. Keller, M.D., Arkansas; John V. Shoemaker, M.D., Pennsylvania; George Thin, M.D., London, England.

Public and International Hygiene.-A. Nelson Bell, M.D., New York; John Berrien Lindsley, M.D., Tennessee; J. N. McCormack, M.D., Kentucky; J. F. Y. Paine, M.D., Galveston, Texas; Benjamin W. Richardson, M.D., England; John Simon, M.D., England; J. W. Thudicum, M.D., England.

Medical Climatology and Demography.—Dr. A. Chervin, Paris, France, Traill Green, M.D., Pennsylvania; John H. Hollister, M.D., Illinois. Psyschological Medicine. Julius Althaus, M.D., England; R. H. Chase, M.D., Pennsylvania; Eugene Grissom, M.D., North Carolina; John C. Hall, M. D., Pennsylvania; P. A. Hooper, M.D., Arkansas; J. S. Jewell, M.D., Illinois; S. S. Schultz, M.D., Pennsylvania.

Dental and Oral Surgery.-W. W. Allport, M.D., Illinois; S. W. Dennis, M.D., California; C. L. Ford, M.D., Michigan; H. L. McKellops, M.D., Missouri; A. T. Metcalf, M.D., Michigan; W. H. Morgan, M.D., Tennessee; A. L. Northrop, M.D., New York; L. D. Shepard, M.D.,

Massachusetts.

SECRETARIES.

General Medicine.-J. W. Chambers, M.D., Baltimore, Maryland.

General Surgery.-Dudley P. Allen, M.D., Cleveland, Ohio; Carl Mayde, M.D., Germany; J. R. Weist, M.D., Richmond, Ind.; A. H. Wilson, M.D., South Boston, Mass.

Military and Naval Surgery and Medicine.J. McF. Gaston, M.D.. Atlanta, Georgia; E. A.

Anatomy.-C. W. Kelly, M.D., Kentucky; Wood, M.D., Pittsburgh, Pa. Samuel Logan, M.D., Louisiana.

Physiology.

Pathology.-Andrew Fleming, M.D., Pennsylvania; J. B. Johnson, M.D., Missouri; Henry F. Lyster, M.D., Michigan.

Diseases of Children.-William B. Atkinson, M.D., Pennsylvania; William G. Booker, M.D., Maryland; William H. Day, M.D., England; | Dr. Cadet de Gassicourt, France; Dr. J. Grancher, France; Dr. Edward Henoch, Prussia; Adoniram B. Judson, M.D., New York; J. P. Oliver, M.D., Massachusetts; Eustace Smith, M.D., England; Charles West, M.D., England; Joseph E. Winters, M.D., New York.

Opthalmology.-A. W. Calhoun, M. D., Georgia; J. J. Chisholm, M.D., Maryland; P. D. Keyser, M.D., Pennsylvania; Dudley S. Reynolds, M.D., Kentucky.

Otology.

Obstetrics.-A. Charpentier, M.D., Paris, France; T. Felsenreich, M.D., Vienna, Austria; W. W. Jaggard, M.D., Chicago, Ill.; John Williams, M.D., London, England.

Gynecology.- Ernest W. Cushing, M.D., Boston, Mass.

Therapeutics. Frank Woodbury, M.D., Philadelphia, Pa.

Pa.

Anatomy.-Henry Morris, M.D., Philadelphia,

Physiology.-R. W. Bishop, M. D., Chicago, Ill. Pathology.-H. M. Biggs, M.D., New York, N. Y.; T. N. Himes, M.D., Cleveland, Ohio. Diseases of Children.-Dillon Brown, M.D., New York.

Ophthalmology.-S. C. Ayres, M.D., Cincinnati, Ohio.

Otology.-S. O. Richey, M.D., Washington, D. C.

Laryngology. - William Porter, M.D., St. Louis, Missouri.

Dermatology.-W. T. Corlett, M.D., Cleveland, Ohio; F. E. Daniel, M.D., Austin, Texas. Public and International Hygiene.-George H. Rohé, M.D., Baltimore, Md.; Walter Wyman, M.D., U. S. Marine Hospital Service, New York, N. Y.

Climatology and Demography.-Charles Denison, M.D., Denver, Colorado; James F. Todd, M.D., Chicago, Illinois.

Psychological Medicine.-E. D. Ferguson, M.D., Troy, N. Y.; E. Landolt, M.D. (Berlin, Prussia), Paris, France.

to the effects of overflows and rice culture upon the public health; and in order to obtain reliable information, I address the following interrogations to the medical men in those localities, and | respectfully request, as early as possible, a full and specific answer to each question:—

Question 1. How long have you been cognizant of the results of overflows of the Mississippi River and its tributaries upon the public health? 2. Have you closely observed the effects of said overflows upon the public health?

3. Have you generally or uniformly observed an increase of sickness immediately succeeding these overflows?

4. If so, what disease? Their character and

Dental and Oral Surgery.-Edward A. Bogue,
M.D., New York, N. Y.; S. F. Rehwinkle, | type?
M.D., Chillicothe, Ohio.

COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS, WASHINGTON,

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

A. Y. P. Garnett, M.D., Chairman; J. M. Toner, M.D., Vice-Chairman; C. H. A. Kleinschmidt, M.D., Secretary; D. C. Patterson, M.D., Treasurer.

Executive Committee.-Drs. A. Y. P. Garnett,

J. M. Toner, N. S. Lincoln, C. H. A. Kleinschmidt,
Surgeon-General F. M. Gunnell, M.D., U. S.
Navy; Surgeon-General Robert Murray, M.D.,
U. S. Army; Supervising Surgeon-General J. B.
Hamilton, M.D., U. S. Marine Hospital Service;
Chief Medical Purveyor J. H. Baxter, M.D.,
U. S. Army.

Committee on Congressional Legislation.—Dr.
A. Y. P. Garnett, Chairman.

Committee on Finance.-Dr. G. L. Magruder, Chairman.

Committee on Printing.—Dr. J. B. Hamilton,

Chairman.

Committee on Reception.-Dr. J. M. Toner, Chairman.

5. What local or general conditions (including topography) have you noted, controlling or modifying the effects of the overflows upon the public health?

dates of these overflows, and the cases of sick6. Have you kept statistics of the number and ness (if any) resulting therefrom? If so, please give these statistics.

rice culture upon the public health? and what 7. What is your experience of the effects of the rate of death per thousand population before and since the commencement of rice culture?

8. Has malarial hæmaturia increased in fre

quency and severity during the past forty years?

And is said increase due to the increased cultivation of rice in the delta of the Mississippi River, or in other localites where rice is cultivated?

9. What effect has the camping and working had upon said prisoners, held by Louisiana, Arof State prisoners in the low lands and swamps kansas, Mississippi, or other States so employing their prisoners?

10. How many deaths have been caused among

Committee on Entertainments.—Dr. N. S. Lin-State prisoners by malarial diseases, directly

coln, Chairman.

Committee on Transportation.—Dr. J. W. H. Lovejoy, Chairman.

Committee on Place of Meeting for Congress

and Sections.-Dr. D. C. Patterson, Chairman. By order of the Executive Committee of the Congress. HENRY H. SMITH, Chairman.

RICHARD J. DUNGLISON, Secretary.

TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE CONGRESS:
Dear Sir: In accordance with the request of
Dr. Joseph Jones, of New Orleans, La., president
of the XIVth Section of the Ninth International
Medical Congress, I will investigate the impor-
tant questions embraced under Section VI. of the
inquiries prepared for the Council of this section
by Dr. Jones. In order to throw light upon
these important questions, I have, upon consulta-
tion with the president of the XIVth Section,
drawn up the following questions, relating chiefly

traceable to exposure to the malaria of the swamps?

of overflows and rice culture upon the colored II. Give facts bearing upon the relative effects

and white races?

12. Relations of drinking water to the health of the inhabitants of rice, sugar, and cotton plantations? Effects of swamp water? effects of cistern, well, and spring water for drinking purposes?

13. The best means of protecting the health of the laborers and inhabitants in such localities ?

River and the rice regions of Arkansas, of Ala-
The physicians of the valley of the Mississippi
bama, Georgia, North and South Carolina,
furnish their replies to
Florida, and Texas, are earnestly requested to

RICHARD H. DAY, M.D.,

COMMERCIAL NEWS.

INGLUVIN.

stituent.

The organ acts apparently by bruising and cracking, rather, than is commonly believed, by trituration. The motion of the ingluvial muscles is accompanied by a slow but continuous exudation, from the walls of the crop, of a strong organic fluid, of which ingluvin is the chief conThe hull of the grain or the shell of the seed is broken by the pressure of the walls, and the gravel and their interior is exposed to the chemical action of the ingluvin. By the time it reaches the stomach it is ready for the gastric juices. From this point on, digestion proceeds as with the higher animals. As the gallinacea have very small salivary glands, and as the fluids secreted by these resemble the secretion of the parotid rather than that of the sublingual and submaxillary glands of the human being, it would seem as if ingluvin played a double part, exercising the functions of the ptyalin of the saliva as well as the pepsin of the stomach. Ingluvin is prepared by the far-seeing chemists, William R. Warner & Co., of Philadelphia. It is made from selected gizzards, and is so carefully extracted as to be free from all for

A very learned name for a remedy is ingluvin. It is the essential principle of the gizzard, and bears the same relation to poultry that pepsin does to the higher animals. The honor of its discovery and utilization, in its crude state, remotely dates with the Chinese gastronomer, as well as to the Caucasian chemist, in its refined condition. From time immemorial the inhabitants of the Celestial Empire have used the gizzard of chickens and ducks in nearly all made dishes. Their writers have recommended the practice as a sovereign treatment of dyspepsia, weak stomach, and vomiting. A favorite prescription of Chinese physicians for chronic indigestion is to cut up and digest chicken gizzards in hot water until they are reduced to a pulp, and then add some spices. A tablespoonful or two of the resulting paste is taken at each meal until the patient has entirely recovered. From China the practice passed to other parts of Asia, and was adopted here and there among the Mediter-eign organic bodies. It is already known and ranean peoples. Strange to say, it was never appreciated by the medical profession. The learned by the great nations of Europe until the American Analyst bespeaks for it the same aplatter part of the present century. On the other preciation by its readers. We extract the followhand, the organic chemists of Europe discovered, ing:about 1850, a powerful nitrogenous radical in the gizzard. Experiments thereafter showed it to possess many of the qualities of pepsin. These experiments led to to its isolation. Numberless experiments have proven it to be a very valuable addition to therapeutics. Where pepsin refuses to act, and where, in severe cases, it has even been rejected by the stomach, ingluvin effected relief rapidly and with the greatest ease.

In four recent cases of poisoning by root beer (Brooklyn, June, 1886), Dr. George Everson, Jr., a well known physician of that city, reports that after pepsin and all similar compounds had been rejected by the stomachs of his patients, ingluvin stayed the retching, and enabled them to retain and digest food.

Dr. Lansing reports a similar experience in several cases of acute dyspepsia.

A priori, it would seem as if ingluvin should be more efficient and potent than pepsin in many cases of physical disorder.

Our poultry are chiefly granivores and have no beak nor other buccal apparatus for crushing the hard grain and seeds on which they so largely feed. The food is swallowed when apprehended and passes directly into the crop or gizzard, This seems to act both mechanically and chemically. Its interior walls are covered by a dense hard, cultous membrane, surrounded by muscles of the most powerful type. Along with the food is always a small amount of sand and gravel.

Professor Roberts Bartholow, M.A., M.D., LLD., in his late work on "Materia Medica and Therapeutics," says: "Ingluvin. This is a preparation from the gizzard of the domestic chicken -ventriculus callosus gallinaceus. Dose, gr. V.j."

Ingluvin has the remarkable property of arresting certain kinds of vomiting-notably the vomiting of pregnancy. It is a stomachic tonic, and relieves indigestion, flatulence, and dyspepsia.

The author's experience is confirmatory of the statements which have been put forth regarding the exceptional power of this agent to arrest the vomiting of pregnancy. It can be administered in inflammatory conditions of the mucous membrane, as it has no irritant effect. Under ordinary circumstances, and when the object of its administration is to promote the digestive function, it should be administered after meals. When the object is to arrest the vomiting of pregnancy, it should be given before meals.— From the American Analyst, August 1, 1886.

IN the decline of life, when exhausted nature habitually repels the restorative influence of sleep, there is nothing so suitable to induce healthful repose as one-half to one teaspoonful of Bromidia at bedtime. It may be taken for years in the same dose, with the same effect, and without detriment.

A CONQUEST OF CHEMISTRY. Heretofore, to the best of our knowledge, there has never been manufactured an emulsion of codliver oil that was not subject to more or less separation of the oil from the vehicle under certain conditions of temperature. To patients who were not familiar with the properties of all cod-liver oil preparations this separation of the oil has been an objection, and in fact, has created in many cases a suspicion that the preparation itself had undergone changes depriving it of its therapeutic value. This has been a continuous source of annoyance to the medical profession as well as to druggists, and one, too, from which there was promised no relief. However, Messrs. William F. Kidder & Co., of New York, after several years of investigation and experimentation with hydroleine (hydrated oil), have finally succeeded in overcoming this objection by making hydroleine so that it will keep indefinitely and withstand any degree of heat or cold without the slightest separation of the oil. Although the process of manufacture has been changed, to improve the keeping qualities of the drug, the prepa

ration remains the same as before, with the ex

Medical Association, said: "For the last ten years or more I have carefully inquired into the history of patients suffering with uterine and ovarian disease, or some affection incidental to child-bed, and I have found a continuous insufficiency of food, especially the nitrogenous, to have existed almost universally, so that I have naturally come to regard this chronic starvation as an important factor in disease."

The serious troubles arising from insufficient nourishment are also shown in a marked manner in the case of delicate females during gestation, a large proportion of whom are so enfeebled by the constantly recurring paroxysms of vomiting and the consequent diminution of food assimilation, that when the period of parturition arrives they are so reduced in strength as to be peculiarly susceptible to the attacks of disease incident to childbirth, and the offspring is ushered into the world puny and feeble, and especially liable to a complication of physical evils solely attributable to its starved and anæmic condition.

Colden's Liquid Beef Tonic contains precisely the elements indicated by Dr. Hewitt as being so

essential, combined with citrate of iron, cinchona,

and simple aromatics, forming at once a palatable nutriment and reliable tonic, and its range of usefulness embraces all cases of debility of whatever origin. It has been in use fifteen years, and those who have used it most are most emphatic in its praise.-Massachusetts Medical Journal, Boston, Mass., June, 1886.

ALKATRITS, ALKAMETRIC GRANULES, AND
ALKADERMIC PELLETS.

ception of a slight change in its consistency, it being somewhat thicker than formerly; but the most important consideration being its therapeutic effect, the question naturally suggests itself has this improvement in the pharmacy of the preparation been made at the expense of 'its medicinal qualities? We are pleased to say that it has not detracted from its therapeutic value in the slightest, and hydroleine is just as effective as ever. We can give it no better testimonial than to say "it is as good as ever," for its usefulness in all cases where cod-liver oil is in- Messrs. F. Stearns & Co., of Detroit, Mich., dicated is too well established to need any com- have introduced a new series of preparations of ment. We have never heard any objection to the alkaloids employed in medicine, which they hydroleine, except that it would separate, the same term alkatrits, alkametric granules, and alkaas other cod-liver oil preparations, and now that dermic pellets. They consist of powders, granits manufacturers have overcome this we believe ules, and pellets, which contain the minimum that the profession have only to be made ac- dose of the medicament indicated, combined quainted with the improvement to insure their with a sufficient quantity of cane sugar to render appreciation of the change in the preparation, them unobjectionable to the most fastidious pathe enterprise of its manufacturers, and to pre-tient. They are elegant in appearance, reasonscribe hydroleine whenever cod-liver oil is indicated.

CHRONIC STARVATION.

Upon whatever other points they may differ, authorities on dietetics agree that nitrogen is the most essential of all foods, and that a certain amount should be taken regularly. Diminution of the quantity of food, whether from inability to procure it, or a disinclination for it, generally means decrease or absence of nitrogen. That this leads to dire results is a well established fact. Graily Hewitt, in an address on " Chronic Starvation and Delicate Females," before the British

able in price, and enable the physician to administer accurate doses of positive remedies with ease and convenience. Messrs. F. Stearns & Co., will take pleasure in furnishing samples of these preparations by mail, post prepaid, to physicians desirous of testing their merits.