BOOK REVIEWS.

The Essentials of Vaccination; a Compilation of Facts Relating to Vaccine Inoculation, and its Influence in the Prevention of Smallpox. By W. A. HARDAWAY, M.D., Professor of Diseases of the Skin in the Post-Graduate Faculty of the Missouri Medical College, etc. St. Louis, Mo.: J. H. Chambers & Co., 1886.

This interesting volume contains an account of the discovery of vaccination, a reference to the occurrence of variola in animals, and an elaborate discussion of the merits of the different methods of performing vaccination. It also contains a chapter on the dangers of spurious vaccination, and a chapter on the fallacies of the anti-vaccina

The well-deserved popularity of Biddle's Materia Medica and Therapeutics is due to its concise, but comprehensive character. It contains a brief but complete description of the source, nature, uses, and dosage of every article of value in the materia medica. Nothing of importance is ignored, but lengthy and useless speculations are avoided. The tenth edition, just issued, has been revised and enlarged by the insertion of articles on all the recent additions to medical knowledge. Therapeutics has been given the prominence which it deserves. Full consideration has also been given to the physiological action of medicines.

The Surgery of the Human Brain. By JOHN B. ROBERTS, M.D., Professor of Surgery in the Philadelphia Polyclinic. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston, Son & Co., 1886.

This valuable monograph contains the address read by Professor Roberts before the American Surgical Association last year. It is an earnest plea for the inauguration of an active policy in the treatment of cerebral injuries, and is worthy of the attention of all progressive surgeons. A Treatise on Bright's Disease of the Kidneys, its Pathology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. With chapters on the Anatomy of the Kidney, Albuminuria, and the Urinary Secretion. By HENRY B. MILLARD, A.M., M.D. New York: William Wood & Co., 1886. Second edition, revised and enlarged.

This valuable work is the result of thirty years of extensive hospital and private practice, and fully deserves the praise which has been bestowed upon it. It contains an exhaustive review of the pathology, etiology, symptoms, and treatment of the various forms of acute and chronic nephritis. That portion of the volume which is devoted to treatment is almost encyclopædic in character, and contains many suggestions based on personal experience, which will prove invaluable in the management of these affections.

By

The Adirondacks as a Health Resort. JOSEPH W. STICKLER, M.S., M.D. New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1886. The author of this interesting little book directs attention to the importance of a fact which is frequently overlooked-the value of climate in the treatment of disease. There are but few morbid conditions in which the importance of the selection of appropriate remedies has not been insisted on with emphasis by the great teachers of medicine, but the value of a suitable climate has not received the attention it deserves. The action of drugs is only transient, but the exhilarating and bracing influences of pure mountain air are exerted continuously, and slowly but surely fortify the system against the inroads of disease.

The climate of the Adirondacks appears to be especially suitable for those who are suffering from chronic bronchitis, chronic pneumonia, incipient or passive consumption. It is also of value in the treatment of insomnia, neurasthenia, chorea, anæmia, and all disorders of weak or imperfect nutrition.

Practical Notes on the Treatment of Skin Diseases, II., Eczema. By GEORGE H. ROHE, M.D., Professor of Hygiene and Clinical Dermatology in the College of Physicians and Surgeons. Baltimore: Published by the author. This valuable monograph contains a concise but complete description of the symptoms, pathology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of that most frequent and annoying disease of the skin-eczema. The author writes from the standpoint of the practical physician, and has presented the results of a wide experience in a

readable and instructive manner.

A Compend of Human Physiology. By A. P. BRUBAKER, A.M., M.D. Third edition, revised and enlarged. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston, Son & Co., 1886.

The value and popularity of Dr. Brubaker's compend of physiology is sufficiently attested by the fact that a third edition has been issued within two years from its first publication. It contains all the essential facts of physiology, arranged in the manner best adapted to permanently impress themselves upon the minds of its readers.

Diseases of the Ear. By OSCAR D. POMEROY, M.D., Surgeon to the Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, etc. Second edition, revised, with additions. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1886.

The first edition of this work appeared about two years ago. The second edition is slightly enlarged, and many changes have been made. It comprises about four hundred pages of wellwritten matter. Dr. Pomeroy's style is clear and simple. The illustrations-of which there are one hundred-are, on the whole, fair. We judge, from the appearance of two or three, that the photographs from which the cuts were made were not superior ones; but we are also well aware, that to obtain a good photograph in clinical work is by no means always possible. A poor photograph is sometimes better than a good diagram. The author is especially clear in his treatment of the subject of therapeutics. He strongly advocates the employment of the syringe, and that only in removing impacted serum from the ear; stating that in one hundred cases he had used other means but once. Warm water is the material he uses in general. In speaking of the management of the naso-pharyngeal space in chronic aural catarrh, he does not speak very favorably of the use of Thudicum's douche, for the reason that water is sometimes sent into the ear by its use, causing, occasionally, violent inflammation of the tympanum, with rupture of the drum membrane, and even extension to the mastoid cells. For years the doctor has discarded the probang, brush, and cotton on a holder, for applications to the upper pharyngeal space. The spray instrument, with a tip for throwing the spray upward, is the one he uses. Nitrate of silver, in solutions of various strength-from weak up to the saturated solution-seems to be the great remedy in Dr. Pomeroy's therapeutics. Some of the applications of his stronger solutions impress one as being rather heroic, es

pecially if employed by those of less experience than the doctor. When speaking of the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis, amongst other remedies, he discusses boracic acid and extols its virtues. In support of his views, he presents notes on a number of cases treated by filling the meatus with finely powdered boracic acid. The author, in this connection, gives the results of the boracic acid treatment in one hundred and thirty cases, of which in seventy-five the discharge ceased without other remedies. The shortest duration of successful treatment was six days; the average duration in successful cases, three weeks. Dr. Pomeroy reports one case where deafness seemed to depend on mental and nervous exhaustion. The interesting subject of deafness from mumps, is accorded more space than is usual in text-books. The clinical aspect

of this work is worthy of note. The subjects treated of are well illustrated with notes of cases, thus imparting to the book a life which nothing else can give.

Local Anaesthesia in General Medicine and Surgery. Being the Practical Application of the Author's Recent Discoveries. By J. LEONARD CORNING, M.D. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1886.

The author's method of local anesthetization, as set forth in this little volume, is simply to retain the cocaine in contact with the part to be anesthetized by cutting off the circulation in those parts. Believing that the transient character of the local action of the cocaine when injected subcutaneously, depended upon the fact that it was carried rapidly away by the circulating blood, he devised the expedient of preventing rapid diffusion by checking the rapidity of the circulation. After experimenting upon various methods, the doctor arrived at the methods so well described in the little work before us. The book merits careful consideration, as being an interesting and practical original contribution to surgery.

Twelfth Annual Report of the Secretary of the State Board of Health of the State of Michigan, for the Fiscal Year ending September 30, 1884. Lansing, Mich. : W. S. George & Co. The report is arranged in two parts. "The first contains the secretary's report of work of the Board, the annual report of property, including accessions to the library, with names of donors, and certain special reports and communications. The second part contains eighteen papers, abstracts, and reports, mostly by members of this Board, fifteen of which were prepared in the office of the secretary." There are supplements dresses at the sanitary conventions held at Ionia, to the report, containing proceedings and adDecember 13th and 14th, 1883, and at Hillsdale, April 17th and 18th, 1884.

Guide to the Examination of the Urine, with Special Reference to the Diseases of the Urinary Apparatus. By K. B. HOFFMAN and R. ULTZMANN. Second edition. Translated and edited by F. FORCHHEIMER, M.D. Woodruff, Cox & Co., Publishers, 72 West Fourth Street, Cincinnati.

Viewed from a general standpoint, the book before us may be said to be quite an improvement over the majority of the smaller works on urinary examination. The subjects treated of are nicely arranged, beginning, as the book does, with the histology of the urinary apparatus, followed by a study of the secretion of urine. The physical properties, chemical composition, and sediment, both in health and disease, claim their respective shares of attention. We think, how

ever, that there is room for improvement in several of the illustrations; some of the casts, for example, are not so true to nature as desirable. The seventh chapter is devoted to general diag nosis as revealed by urinary examination, and the eighth, to diagnosis of diseases of the urinary apparatus. Thus, fifty-four pages are given to the practical application of the foregoing studies. Looked at from a clinical standpoint, the book certainly posseses great merit. Throughout the work are pointed out the practical applications of the knowledge derived from the examinations. The index-a most important part of a book-seems to be complete.

First Annual Report of the State Board of Health of the State of Kansas. 8vo., pp. 183, Topeka, 1886.

The volume gives the information usually found in State reports, and the suggestions in preventive medicine are good.

Drainage for Health, or Easy Lessons in Sanitary Science. 8vo., pp. 74. By JOSEPH WILSON, M.D., Medical Director, U.S.N. Philadelphia P. Blakiston, Son & Co., 1886.

A readable book, full of good advice for city and country house owners. Its style is good, and the price ($1) nothing, considering its worth.

The Methods of Bacteriological Research. By FERDINAND HUEPPE. Translated by HERMANN M. BIGGS, M.D. 8vo., pp. 218. Illustrated. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1886. To the student who desires to gaze upon the terrible germs which kill so many of us to-day, but whose progenitors spared our ancestors, this volume will be welcome. The author gives the means of discovering and developing all the known micro-germs, and he has evidently been enthusiastic in his labors. To the English reader the book is valuable, no other taking its place.

NEW PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED.

Esthetics of Medicine, by H. A. Cottell, M.D. Reprint from The American Practitioner and News.

Puerperal Pyrexia, by George P. Andrews, M.D., Detroit, Mich. Reprint from the American Lancet.

Clinical Lecture on Orthopedic Surgery, by A. Sidney Roberts, M.D. Reprint from The Medical News.

Report of a Case of Cæsarean Operation, with Some Comments, by Edward W. Jenks, M.D., Detroit, Mich.

Supernumerary Mammary Glands and Nipples; Three Cases, by William A. Edwards, M.D., Philadelphia. Reprint from The Medical News, Southern Florida; A Winter Sanitarium, by William A. Edwards, M.D., Philadelphia. Reprint from The Philadelphia Medical Times.

Report of a Case of Hydatiform Pregnancy, by E. J. Doering, A.M., M,D., Chicago, Ills. Reprint from The Chicago Medical Journal and Examiner.

A New Departure in Uterine Therapeutics. The Dry Treatment, by George J. Engelmann, M.D., St. Louis, Mo. Reprint from St. Louis Courier of Medicine.

Cocaine in Hay Fever. A Lecture Delivered at the Chicago Medical College, by Seth S. Bishop, M.D., Chicago, Ills. Reprint from Journal of American Medical Association.

Catarrh of the Upper Air-Tract, Especially its Effects on the Ear, with Suggestions as to Treatment, by Samuel Sexton, M.D., New York. Reprint from The Medical Record.

Copies of the Report of Dr. Edward Arning to the Hawaiian Board of Health, and the Correspondence Arising Therefrom. Reprinted by the Hawaiian Gazette Publishing Company, Honolulu.

Fracture of the Coracoid Process, by J. Wellington Byers, M.D., Charlotte, N. C.

The Organization of Local Boards of Health, by Benjamin Lee, A.M., M.D., Philadelphia. Dermatitis Ferox, by J. L. Milton, M.D. Reprint from the Edinburgh Medical Journal.

livered before the American Academy of Medicine, by Albert L. Gihon, A.M., M.D., Medical Director, U. S. Navy, President of the Academy.

Note-Book for Cases of Ovarian and Other Ab

dominal Tumors, Adopted from the NoteBooks of Sir Spencer Wells, by John Homans, M.D., Clinical Instructor in Harvard College. Cupples, Upham & Co., Boston, Mass.

COMMERCIAL NEWS.

ENGLISH AND AMERICAN INFANTS'-FOOD.

the question of condensed nutriments has resulted in the preparation of a variety of excellent foods, among which we may specially mention Powder of Beef and Peptonized Extract of of Beef, prepared by Messrs. Parke, Davis & Co. A great advance in the dietetics of the sick room was also made when pharmacists placed before the medical profession the means of conveniently peptonizing and pre-digesting various foods at will. Thus, with the peptonizing and di

According to the statement of the manufacturer, the milk entering into this food is previously treated with Pancreatine, thus rendering the casein more easy of digestion. This certainly is a very rational method, and, as far as I know, is applied by no other manufacturer of Infants' Food. It is also very pleasant to the taste.

IMPROVED NUTRIENTS. Often the most puzzling problem presented to the physician in the treatment of grave diseases, accompanied by great enfeeblement of the digestive functions, is the selection of a suitable nutrient. Such a food must necessarily contain in the most easily assimilable form, the most highly nutrient principles, and must be either devoid of taste or sufficiently palatable to please the most sensitive palate. To this end manufacturers have long been experimenting, and not a few now profess to prepare a food adapted to every condition of feeble digestion, whether due to lack of development of the digestive organs, as in the young infant, or to loss of tone and function through disease. Indeed, the difficulty now seems to be for the physician

to select from an embarrassment of riches. It is needless to remind the intelligent physician that, to do this acceptably, he must study the individual case, determine the portion of the digestive apparatus at fault, and endeavor artificially to assist the functions of the enfeebled organ. With this knowledge of the case before him, the patient's like or dislike for a food will afford a further guide to selection, for it not infrequently happens that of several pre-digested foods offered, one alone may be acceptable to the patient and admit of being administered continuously for any considerable period.

Since beef-tea, which for a long time was the chief nourishment afforded the sick, has been looked upon with less favor, a rational study of

tioned above, such food as milk, gruel, oysters, wine, jelly, etc. may be peptonized by the physician or nurse prior to administration. Without disputing the role played by drugs in modifying the course of disease, most thoughtful observers will grant that their place in the cure of disease scarcely ranks higher than that of carefully selected nutrients, and that, other things being equal, that physician treats his patient most successfully and acceptably who selects for him a palatable and nutritious diet suited to the stages of his malady.-New York Medical Journal, March 6, 1886.

NIGHT SWEATS.

I have tried Kennedy's Pinus Canadensis, and it afforded much relief in the debility marked by profuse night sweats in a consumptive. Barrie, Can. E. B. CROPTON, M.D.

IT WILL PAY YOU.

It will pay you whenever you find by experience that a preparation made by one manufacturer will do good work for you, to prescribe only that particular preparation made by that particu. lar manufacturer, and not to let your local druggist substitute some other preparation, otherwise your reputation will suffer.

It will pay you to try Bromidia, as it certainly is the best hypnotic,

It will pay you to try Celerina, as it is by all odds the best nerve tonic.

It will pay you to try Listerine, as it is without doubt, the safest, most pleasant, and best antiseptic.

It will pay you to designate the name of the manufacturers in all your prescriptions, and to keep your eyes open, read all the advertisements in the medical journals, look out for your reputation by trying to get hold of the best preparations, and do not be influenced by your druggist.— Medical Brief.

COLDEN'S LIQUID BEEF TONIC

is a first-class preparation, containing not only the nutritive qualities of the beef, but the permanent tonic properties of iron, quinine, etc. For immediate life-giving properties it can hardly be surpassed.-DR. C. A. BRYCE, Editor Southern Clinic, Richmond, Va.

VOL. VIII.

A CLINICAL LECTURE.

CATARRHAL JAUNDICE.

BY WILLIAM PEPPER, M.D., LL.D., Provost of and Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine and of Clinical Medicine in the University of Pennsylvania.

DELIVERED AT THE HOSPITAL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA.

GE

[Reported for THE BULLETIN by WM. H. MORRISON, M.D.] ENTLEMEN: We have here a case of jaundice. As this man walks around you see that he has jaundice. All the tissues of his body are stained by the coloring matter of the bile, which exists in the blood in undue proportion. I say all the tissues; the skin, the mucous membrane, the gums, and just so the brain, the heart, and the bones. They are all yellow. All the secretions are stained, the urine, the tears, the humors of the eye; every part of this man's body is stained with bile, excepting the contents of the bowel, and these are of a clay or putty color, owing to the absence of bile.

Jaundice is either dependent upon suppression of the bile, in which case the bile-forming function ceases and the coloring matter remains in the blood, or it is dependent upon retention and resorption of the bile. The exit of the bile through the gall-ducts being prevented, it becomes dammed up, as it were, and is absorbed by the blood.

Jaundice from suppression is comparatively rare. It is found principally under the following circumstances. In the first place, a powerful nervous influence will cause a complete drying up of the bile, just as a like cause will cause an arrest of the flow of milk in a nursing

No. 6.

woman, just as it will cause the tears to dry up; so the bile may be entirely arrested and jaundice come on in two or three hours from suppression. Again, jaundice from suppression exists when the organic structure of the liver is seriously diseased, as in advanced fatty degeneration, when the cells are to a great extent converted into fat; also in acute inflammatory degeneration of the liver, the so-called acute yellow atrophy of the liver. Then we have jaundice, possibly from suppression, in such grave blood diseases as yellow fever; but in these cases the exact pathology of the jaundice has not been determined. It may be due to changes in the coloring matter of the blood (hæmic or hæmatogenic jaundice). Jaundice from suppression is, as I have already said, comparatively rare. In the majority of cases, jaundice is not due to torpidity of the liver, not due to non-secretion of the bile, but to the fact that the bile which is secreted cannot escape. When I meet with a case of jaundice I first ask myself, "What cause is there producing obstruction in this case?" If I can find no obstructing cause, I then begin to suspect some grave disease of the liver. The causes of obstruction are very numerous, and we shall meet with some of them as we study this case.

The symptoms of jaundice are very plain. There is staining of the tissues and the secretions, particularly the urine, which becomes dark-red, then brownish-red, and then perhaps as dark as porter, and gives, with Pettenkoffer's test (sulphuric acid and sugar), a cherry-red color, due to the presence of the biliary acids. A glance at the urine is generally sufficient to determine the presence of bile, or a small quantity may be put on a plate and nitric acid added. If