Statement of the Public Debt on the 1st of January, 1835.

Of the various items which contribute to form the revenue of the United States, the Customs constitute the most important, averaging upwards of two-thirds of the total receipts; the revenue collected during the year ending 1st of January, 1835, amounted to $21,791,935, which was derived as under :

The estimated amount of the Customs for the year ending 1st of January, 1836, is $16,680,881. These duties are collected at the ports of the various states, and, after deducting drawbacks and expense of collection, are paid to the general government.

The staple article of produce exported from the United States is cotton, which forms more than threefifths of the value of the total exports.

From an official statement of the value of the exports of the growth, produce, and manufacture of the United States, during the year ending 30th of September, 1835, the following is extracted :

It was estimated that in 1835 the cotton crop of the United States yielded 480,000,000lbs., the cultivation of which, gave employment to 1,000,000 persons, of whom a large proportion were slaves; and that the capital invested in rearing this article is $800,000,000. It is computed that about 100,000,000lbs. were used in the United States for the purpose of manufacture, and that the remainder (viz. 380,000,000lbs.) was exported.

A large sum is annually received into the Treasury from the sale of public lands, these consist of tracts of territory ceded to the general government by the several states; of the lands in Louisiana purchased of France, and of those in Florida acquired by treaty from Spain. A portion of these lands is occupied by the Indians, who are considered as the proprietors of the soil until their title be extinguished by purchase. A general Landoffice at Washington directs the sale of these territories. Three per cent. on the amount produced by the sale of land, is employed in improving the states in which the land is situated; and 2 per cent. is applied towards the establishment of schools, colleges, &c. In 1830 the extent of land owned by the United States, amounted to 1,062,463,171 acres.

The aggregate sum received from the sale of lands, from the year 1789 to 1832, was $40,627,250. In 1833 the sum of $3,967,682 was received from this source; in 1834 $4,857,600; and in 1835 about $10,000,000.

The revenue produced by the Post-office is devoted to the improvement of the mail-coach roads.

The population of the United States according to the last census, 1830, was 12,836,426. The Union is composed of 29 distinct states.

The securities negociated in London, under the name of American State Stocks, are loans raised by individual states for the purpose of establishing banks, constructing roads, canals, railways, &c., and the interest is paid from the profits of these concerns, or from the state taxes, if these prove insufficient. Many of the objects for which the various state loans have been raised, are sources of considerable profit to the state; while, on the contrary, others do not even defray the current expenses; but there is little doubt that as the commerce and population of the states increase, the value of many of the canals and railroads will be greatly improved. The canals completed on the 1st of January, 1835, or which would not long after be completed, are estimated to extend collectively 2867 miles, and to have been constructed at a cost of upwards of $64,500,000. The railroads finished on the 1st of January, 1835, or which would be finished in a short time, are calculated to extend 1600 miles, at a cost of about $30,000,000, nearly the whole of these works have been formed since the year 1817.

In some of the states the whole of the canals and railroads have been constructed by incorporated companies, unconnected with the state; while in others the state subscribes a portion of the necessary capital; and in some, many of these works are entirely undertaken by the state.

E

AMERICAN STATE STOCKS.

Alabama 5 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1852-$500,000. (Dividends payable May and November, in America.)

Ditto 5 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1863-$3,500,000. (Dividends payable May and November, in America.)

Florida 6 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1858, 1860, 1862, 1864$1,000,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Ditto 6 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1860-$500,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Illinois 6 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1850-$100,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Indiana 5 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1852-$1,600,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Ditto 5 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1860-$500,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Ditto 6 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1852-$200,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Kentucky 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1862-$200,000. Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Louisiana 5 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1839, 1844, 1849$1,800,000. (Dividends payable January and July, by Messrs. Thomas Wilson and Co., London, at 4s. 6d.

Ditto 5 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1838, 1843-$1,666,667. (Dividends payable January and July, by Messrs. Baring, Brothers, London, at 4s. 6d.

Ditto 5 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1844, 1847, 1850, 1852$7,000,000. (Dividends payable February and August, by Messrs. Baring, Brothers, London, at 4s. 6d.

Maryland 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1859-$750,000. (Dividends payable April and October, in America.)

Ditto 6 per cent. bonds, redeemable in 1870-$3,000,000. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.)

Mississippi 6 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1841, 1846, 1851, 1856-$500,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Ditto 6 per cent. stock, redeemable 1861, 1866, 1871-$1,500,000, (Dividends payable March and September, in America.) New York 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1837-$1,400,000. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.)

New York 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1845-$3,124,270. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.)

Ditto 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1846, 1847-$877,000. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.)

Ditto 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1850-$150,000. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.) Ditto 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1846, raised for constructing the Chenango Canal-$1,000,000. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.)

Ditto 6 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1837-$2,093,500. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.)

Ditto 6 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1845-$850,000. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.) New Jersey 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1864-$210,000. (Dividends payable February and August, in America.) Ditto 6 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1864-$800,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Ohio 6 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1850-$4,000,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Ditto 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1850-$400,000. (Dividends payable January and July in America.)

Pennsylvania 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1839, 1840, 1841

(Dividends on the whole of the Pennsylvania stocks are payable in America, in February and August.)

Virginia 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1845, 1851, 1852, 1854(Dividends payable January and July, in

$2,000,000.

America.)

Ditto 6 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1844-$400,000. (Dividends payable January and July, in America.)

Ditto 5 per cent. stock, redeemable in 1850-$500,000. (Dividends payable January, April, July, and October, in America.)