the line a, b, fig. 2,) of a circular frame, which is affixed to the gallery of the lamp. This frame carries the chimney c, and round it a series of openings d, d, are formed, to receive the bolt e, that carries the frame f, of the lens g; the larger end of the bolt e, passes through a slot in the frame f, so as to admit of the frame being raised or lowered, the screw h, retaining it in any desired position.

The patentee claims, Firstly.-The mode of manufacturing candles, by the application of the peculiarly formed wicks, herein described.

Secondly. The mode of manufacturing candles, by the application of two or more platted wicks.

Thirdly. The mode of applying lenses to lamps, as herein described.-[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, September, 1840.]

TO FRANCIS MOLINEUX, of Walbrook-buildings, Gent., for improvements in the manufacture of candles, and in the means of consuming tallow, and other substances, for the purposes of light.-[Sealed 23rd April, 1840.] THE first part of this invention applies to the manufacture of a novel sort of candle, and also to the method of burning the same, for the production of light.

The candle consists of a cylindrical block of tallow or other oleaginous substance, formed without a wick.

In Plate XI., a sectional drawing is shewn of the lamp, in which the candle is to be consumed. a, represents the candle, contained in the tube b, and forced up to the wicks c, c, by the spiral spring d. These wicks may be varied in number, according to the quantity of light required. They are each composed of a muslin tube, filled with cotton, and dipped into melted tallow.

The hooks e, e, projecting from the brackets f,f, that support the chimney g, are for the purpose of holding the wicks in their proper position. In the nozzle h, of the lamp, a number of openings i, are formed, for the admission of air, and on the upper part of the nozzle a ring or socket j, is screwed.

VOL. XXI.

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By reference to the drawing, it will be seen, that the brackets f, f, are attached to the ringj, therefore, on turning the ring, the wicks may be raised or lowered.

The second part of the invention applies to carriagelamps; it consists in admitting air to the candle, through a number of tubes that support the nozzle of the lamp.

The patentee claims, Firstly.-The mode of manufacturing candles, and consuming tallow and other substances, herein described.

Secondly. The mode, herein described, of introducing streams or currents of air into the nozzles of carriage-lamps. -[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, October, 1840.]

To GEORGE CLAUDIUS ASH, of Broad-street, Goldensquare, in the county of Middlesex, dentist, for improvements in apparatus for fastening candles in candlesticks.-[Sealed 12th June, 1841.]

THIS invention consists in securing candles in candlesticks, by inserting a metal filling-piece or elastic wedge between the candle and the side of the socket.

In Plate XI., fig. 1, represents a candlestick, partly in section, shewing the mode of securing a candle therein, by means of the elastic wedge; fig. 2, is a front view; fig. 3, a vertical section; and fig. 4, a plan of the filling-piece or wedge, shewing the form preferred by the patentee.

The elastic wedge is cut out of a sheet of steel or other suitable metal, and bent up to produce the two surfaces a, and b, which, when inserted in the socket of the candlestick, will, by their elastic action, press against the candle, and hold it firmly in an upright position.

The patentee states, that he is aware it has been proposed to construct candlesticks, with spring-holders or sockets for candles, in connection with, and forming part of, a candlestick; he does not, therefore, claim the retaining candles in candlesticks, by means of spring instruments, but he claims the mode of fastening candles

in candlesticks, by applying elastic metallic wedges or filling-pieces, which, being separate from the candlestick, may be used with different candlesticks, as above described.―[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, December,

1841.]

TO JOHN LEE STEVENS, of King Edward-street, Borough, general agent, and JOHN KING, of College-hill, London, printer, for improvements in candlesticks, and other candle-holders.-[Sealed 25th June, 1841.]

THIS invention relates to that part of a candlestick called the "push-up," and consists, firstly, in so constructing and arranging the parts connected therewith, that it may be raised or lowered by turning the nozzle of the candlestick.

In Plate XI., fig. 1, is a vertical section of a nozzle; and fig. 2, is a side view, partly in section, of a candlestick, suitably formed for receiving the nozzle, shewn at fig. 1. a, is the stem of the push-up, having a thread formed on it which takes into a female screw in the bottom b, of the nozzle. It will be seen, that as a revolving motion is given to the nozzle, the push-up will be raised or lowered, the stem being prevented from turning, in its ascent or descent, by the guides c, c, on its lower end, which move in the grooves d, d, in the shaft of the candlestick.

A modification of this arrangement is shewn at fig. 3. In this figure, the stem e, is square, and works in a square socket f; upon the edge of the disc g, a thread h, is formed, which takes into the spiral groove i, in the interior of the nozzle. By turning the nozzle, the push-up is elevated or depressed, as before mentioned with respect to figs. 1, and 2.

The second improvement consists in a mode of raising or lowering the push-up, by means of a screw on the lower end of its stein.

The stem extends to the lower end of the candlestick, and its screw works in a tube or collar, by turning which, the requisite motion is given to the push-up.

The patentees claim, Firstly, the application of an in

ternal and external screw, for the purpose of causing the vertical motions, above mentioned, on turning the nozzle.

Secondly. The raising of the candle by means of a spiral screw, working within a tube or collar.-[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, December, 1841.]

TO THOMAS SWEETAPPLE, of Cotteshall Mill, Godalming, paper maker, for an improvement or improvements in the machinery for making paper.-[Sealed 6th December, 1838.]

THIS invention is shewn in the specification applied to a Fourdrinier paper machine, but it may be used in all those machines where the paper is made upon an endless wire web, moving in a horizontal plane, or nearly so.

The improvements consist in placing one or more rectangular troughs below the horizontal surface of the endless web, which receives the pulp; these troughs are rather wider than the web, and contain a number of tubular rollers, similar to those used in a Fourdrinier machine, for the purpose of supporting the endless web. In consequence of the water draining through the web from the pulp, which is supplied to the machine, the troughs will be always full, and the endless web, in its forward movement, will skim along the surface of the water. By this means, the fibres of the pulp, being partly held in suspension by the water, will gradually subside, and deposit themselves in a direction longitudinal of the plane of the paper; thus, it is stated, a more perfect interlacing of the fibres will be effected, than is usually the case, when the water drains from the pulp, as it is delivered upon the endless web.

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The patentee states, in conclusion, that his invention consists in the application and use of an apparatus, such as hereinbefore described, to and with a machine for making paper, similar in principle to Fourdrinier's patent paper machine."--[Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, June, 1839.]

TO HENRY CROSSLEY, of Hooper-square, London, civil engineer, for a new manufacture of paper.-[Sealed 15th April, 1839.]

THIS invention consists in manufacturing paper from refuse tan, after it has been employed for tanning leather, or in any other process that will not destroy its fibres; and likewise in the employment of spent hops, after they have been used for brewing. These materials undergo the same operations of bleaching, &c., as the rags usually employed in the production of paper.

The patentee claims, as his invention, "the following manufacture; that is to say, paper, in the various forms, and for the various purposes now known, made of the fibrous parts of refuse tan, and of refuse or spent hops."[Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, June, 1839.]

TO JOHN WINTERBORN, of Clarence-place, Hackneyroad, surgeon, for improvements in machinery to facilitate the removal of persons and property from premises in cases of fire; which improvements are applicable to raising and lowering weights generally, to assist servants cleaning windows, and as a substitute for scaffolding.-[Sealed 22nd May, 1841.]

THE improved apparatus, which is the subject of this invention, is shewn in section at fig. 1, in Plate XI.; it consists of a long tube a, closed at its lower end, and furnished with a spike b, which enters the ground, and prevents the apparatus from slipping. The tube a, receives a pole c, provided at its lower end with a pulley d, and having at its upper end a hole sunk in it, to receive the stem of the hook e;-f, is a cord, passing over the pullies g, g, at the top of the tube a, and under the pulley d, for the purpose of raising the pole c.

When the apparatus is brought to the premises on fire, the pole c, is raised, by pulling the rope f, and the hook e, is attached to the window-sill, or any other convenient part