for low falls, there were many machines which were very effective: for instance, the balance-engine, and the old " flap-jack," with a reservoir of water at one end of the beam, and a pump at the other; he had seen such a machine working with a ten-foot stroke, pumping from a depth of 200 fathoms-but for falls, subject to great fluctuation, none of these machines appeared to equal the accounts given of the Turbine.

Mr. Farey had not collected from the paper, or the discussion, how the quantity of water, passing through the Turbine, had been measured. The power exerted appeared to have been tried, by a brake applied directly to the axis of the Turbine, whereas ordinary water-wheels are usually tried by the work which they actually do perform, and that by the intervention of machinery which causes a considerable loss of power by friction; in order to make a fair comparison, the two kinds of machines should have been experimented upon exactly in the same manner, which did not appear to have been done.

When Mr. John Taylor stated, that the effect of the best of the large water-wheels, used for pumping water out of the mines, under his management, had been calculated to be 69 per cent. of the power expended, it would be found that the effect produced had been computed by the weight of the columns of water in the pumps, multiplied by the height through which such weight was raised; such being the usual mode of reckoning. But it is obvious, that much more power was exerted by the water-wheel than would thereby be brought to account in the 69 per cent., owing to the friction of the pit-work and pumps, by which the water was raised. The Turbines appear to have been tried in a way which would not incur much of that loss, but which would bring to account, in the per-centage, nearly all the power which, in practical operations, must be lost by the friction of the machinery, with which a water-wheel or a Turbine must of necessity be connected, in order to perform such operations.

List of Patents

Granted by the French Government from the 1st of October to the 31st of December, 1840,

PATENTS FOR FIFTEEN YEARS.

Miles Berry, of London, representated in Paris, by M. Perpigna, advocate, of the French and Foreign Office for Patents, No. 2, ter. Rue Choiseul,—for improvements in looms.

Borgne, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a method of directing balloons.

Coates, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a machine for manufacturing pins and setting them in paper. Davies, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in wheels for rail-roads and common roads. Ducel and Viry, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in the reduction of iron ores.

Forbes Orson, represented in Paris, by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in the manufacturing of staves, laths, &c. Gaubert and Mazure, represented in Paris, by M. Perpigna, ad

vocate, for a machine for composing and distributing type. Graves, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a machine for manufacturing cords and strings.

Greenwood, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in looms.

Perret, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a new press.

Williamson, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in locks.

Willoughby, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for

improvements in the making of hinges.

Archbald, of la Chapelle, St. Denis, for improvements in soap. Arnold, of London, for a composition to prevent the oxidation of metals.

Beringier and Collas, of Paris, for a method of manufacturing nails for horse-shoes, &c.

Bertin, of Bordeaux, for improvements in the bleaching of sugar. Brent, of Paris, for motive power, applicable to rail-roads, canals, and common roads.

Biron, Allaud, and Perrin, of Avignon, for an extraction of the colouring substance from madder.

Bosquillon, of Paris, for improvements in Jacquard frames.

Cartier, of Marseilles, for the manufacture of soap from the lees of olive oils.

Driollet, of Paris, for wheels with concentric metallic springs. Duprat de Tressoz, of Paris, for a mode of noting down the

music performed on the piano-forte.

Duquesne and Coffyn, of Valenciennes, for a process for obtaining a higher temperature in blast furnaces.

Elkington, of London, for a process for silvering metals.
Feburier, of Paris, for a new steam-engine.

Fould, of Paris, for a process for extending window-glass.
Frimot, of Paris, for new boilers and steam-engines.

Gandillot, of Paris, for a complete system for manufacturing tubular iron bars.

Garret, of Paris, for a machine for making bricks.

Guitard, of Paris, for an improved method of extracting starch

from potatoes.

Herrypon, of Paris, for ferruginous bread.

Irving, of London, for a method of giving signals.

Jozean and Mège, of Paris, for a new kind of specific against certain diseases.

Le Dreuille, of Paris, for a new motive power.

Lemard, of Paris, for a new apparatus to be substituted to paddlewheels.

Le Marquis de Louvois and Leclère, of Paris, for a boat in sailcloth.

Méaume, of Paris, for an apparatus for taking vapour-baths.
Parriaux, of Paris, for improvements in water-wheels.

Perkins, of London, for improvements in the heating of boilers.
Peyron, of Marseilles, for electro-magnetic motive power.

De Précorbin, of Paris, for the means of economising fuel in blast furnaces.

Robertson, of London, for a method of obtaining motive power. Rodier, of Paris, for improved animal soap.

Roumieu, Montpriert, of Madrid, for a new system for grinding

corn.

Schweisguth Condray, of Mulhouse, for the manufacture of indigenous indigo.

Sorel, of Paris, for an engine to be worked by steam or air.
Talbot, of Louviers, for an improved hydraulic engine.
Teyssier, of Milhau, for a pomatum for sharpening razors.
Valson, of Givrey, for an improved towing boat.

Wilson, of London, for improvements in the manufacture of carbonate of soda.

Wotfel, of Paris, for improvements in pianos.

Young, of London, for an apparatus for setting-up types,

PATENTS FOR TEN YEARS.

Beaurepaire, (Le Comte de) represented by M. Perpigna, advocate of the French and Foreign Office for Patents, 2 ter. Rue Choiseul, for a surgical apparatus for the cure of certain diseases. Benkler and Ruhl, represented by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a new lamp.

Binyon, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in the printing of tissues.

Douret Brothers, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for hygienic drawers, for ladies.

Fisher, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in bobbin net frames.

Heck, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a new substance for brewing beer.

Hugo, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in the making of artificial flowers.

Laumonier, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for manufacturing animal black.

Leistenschneider and Noirot, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a machine for cutting mill-stones.

Nérot, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a new process for filtering.

Newton, of London, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for an improved machine for pulverising dye-wood. Parod, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a machine for making trellice work.

Pierre Pierron, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a new method of mounting bells.

Rupert, Smedley, represented in Paris, by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in the manufacturing of tubes.

Rossignon, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for an improved hydraulic machine.

Smith, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for improvements in the construction of rail-roads,

Suarce, (Le Baron de) and Favre, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for a new system of sawing dye-woods. Vickers, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for an improved apparatus for propelling vessels.

Vegni, represented in Paris by M. Perpigna, advocate, for the manufacturing of metallic cords, to be used in mines.

Anrès, of Paris, for a process for giving an old appearance to

stone.

Bainbridge, of London, for a means of increasing any motive force. Becker, of London, for improvements in engraving.

Belliol, of Paris, for a new alimentary substance, called "Indian tanakoub."

Bertrand, of Elbeuf, for improvements in Jacquard frames.

Blanchard and Poret, of Paris, for improvements in gas apparatus. Blondeau de Carolles, of Paris, for a new method of producing gas for illumination.

Bouillant, of Paris, for a process for manufacturing iron wire.

Boudot, of Paris, for improved clasps.

Brunet and Brigandin, of Paris, for improvements in pumps. Campiche and Saget, of Paris, for a new system ef illumination. Champion, of Paris, for linear and semi-metallic measures. Chariot, of Bordeaux, for a new method of tightening the shrouds

of ships.

Chapny, of Lyons, for improvements in gas-meters.

Chassagne de Francséjour, of Paris, for purgative pills.