ten or twelve days in a vat; the starch is then washed and finished.

The gluten and other matters may also be separated from the starch, by means of dilute caustic alkali, or a solution of alkaline salt, or an acid, as before-mentioned, with respect to Indian corn.

The third improvement consists in making starch from rice, by the aid of the refuse of wheat and other grain, or some woody fibrous matter. The rice is first softened, and reduced to a pulp, in the same manner as the Indian corn, and is then mixed with the refuse of wheat, in the proportions of from twelve to fifteen pounds of the latter to every cwt. of rice. This mixture is allowed to ferment for about twelve or fifteen days, and at the end of that time the starch, having separated from the other matters, is washed through sieves and finished.

The fourth improvement consists in extracting starch from rice, by means of an acid. The rice having been softened and reduced to a pulp, is allowed to settle, and the water on the top is drawn off by a syphon. A solution, containing three quarters of an ounce or an ounce of acid (muriatic acid is preferred) to a gallon of water, is then added to the rice, in the proportions of one gallon of the former to two pounds of the latter. In this state the rice is allowed to remain for five days, being stirred every four hours; it is then left to settle for eighteen hours; after which, the water is drawn off at the top, and another solution, only two-thirds the strength of the former, is mixed with the rice. This mixture is treated in the manner just described, and the starch produced is washed through sieves, and finished by the usual process.

The patentee claims, First.-The mode of manufacturing starch by the application of maize or Indian corn, by means of one or other of the processes described.

Secondly. The mode of manufacturing starch by the application of barley, by means of one or other of the processes described.

Thirdly. The mode of manufacturing starch by fer

menting rice, by the aid of the offal of wheat or other grain, or some woody fibrous matter; and

Fourthly. The mode of manufacturing starch from rice, by the application of an acid, as above-described.—[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, June, 1842.]

TO EDWARD HENSHALL, of Huddersfield, in the county of York, carpet manufacturer and merchant, for certain improvements in making, manufacturing, or producing carpets and hearth-rugs.―[Sealed 26th January, 1841.]

THESE improvements, in manufacturing carpets and hearth rugs, consist, Firstly. In the application and use of a peculiar and novel arrangement of apparatus, designed for the purpose of winding the threads or yarns which are to constitute the warp-threads of Brussels, Wilton, velvet, or velvet piled, or other similar carpets and hearth-rugs, from separate hanks of yarn, and laying two, three, or more threads, side by side, as if in tapes or bands, upon one bobbin, and thus preparing the threads for a two or three-thread warp, before they are placed in the loom for weaving.

Secondly. The invention consists in an improved construction of apparatus, and a novel mode of operation, as well as the peculiar arrangement of the yarns which are to constitute warp-threads, whereby spots, squares, or stripes, may be printed upon a flat surface or table, by means of any ordinary block or type printing apparatus, in different colors, across a collection or number of yarns or threads, so arranged, that they may, after being so printed upon the table, be wound again upon a reel into hanks, then taken off the reel, and removed to be steamed, washed, and dried, in order to clear, raise, or fix the colors, as in the ordinary process of printing woollen yarns.

It must be observed, that each spot, square, or stripe, may be printed or stamped of any breadth of the block, or length of the threads or yarns, according to the pattern required, as the portion of the yarn so printed or stamped,

is intended to form one or more loops of the fabric, when thrown up by the weaving; that is to say, if two or more loops, in succession, are required to be of the same color, to form the pattern of the carpet, the threads or yarns must be printed or colored at once, over a sufficient space of the length, to form these two or more loops; this may be done with a block or type of the required breadth or length for two or more loops in the cloth, hereafter more particularly explained.

The object of this part of the invention, is in a better and more ready manner than has heretofore been done, to operate upon a greater number of threads or yarns, and produce the printed, or stamped, spotted, or striped yarns, direct from the bobbins; and after printing or coloring, to wind them at once direct from the printing table into separate hanks, all of which is done at one operation. These warps, when subsequently arranged, form the warps of as many carpets or hearth-rugs, in contra-distinction to printing, stamping, or coloring the yarns collectively, when arranged in the form of a warp, with a pattern or device complete upon the surface of such warp, and ready to be woven in the loom, as hitherto practised under the patented inventions of Messrs. Woodcroft, Schwabe, Whytock, and Whytock and Clink; the first two persons printing or dyeing the intended pattern or device complete upon the perfect or arranged warp, either before or after beaming; and the latter, either printing on yarns, wound on a cylinder, or producing the colors by dyeing part of the said yarns.

When the threads or yarns have been so printed, they are properly arranged, as hereafter described, in order to form the warp-threads of carpets and hearth-rugs; they are then woven in an ordinary carpet loom, and the intended pattern is produced, merely by throwing up those parts of the threads which have been previously printed or stamped, and arranged so as to form the pattern, without the assistance of the Jacquard or any other figuring apparatus. This part of the invention also comprises the arrangement of the threads, and the apparatus connected therewith.

Thirdly. These improvements consist of a novel arrangement of machinery, by means of which, the warp, yarn, or threads, or warp throughout its whole length, can be woven into a slight gauze-work, having weft-threads put in at distances of about an inch asunder; and this is done during the operation of beaming the warp direct from the bobbins, After the warp-yarn has been thus prepared, patterns or designs may be printed upon its surface, in the ordinary manner of block printing.

In printing the gauze, the pattern-blocks must be elongated when intended for Brussels or similar carpets or hearth-rugs, as before named; and this is accomplished by providing the block, upon which the pattern is wrought, about three-fifths longer than the finished pattern will require, when the cloth is completed, as the operation of weaving will weave, or use up, or loop up, the extra threefifths of printed gauze. The gauze, when printed, is removed to be steamed, washed, and dryed, in the ordinary manner of woollen printing; after which, it is re-beamed, and woven in an ordinary plain carpet loom, the preparatory weft-threads of the gauze, being removed as the cloth is woven.

Fourthly. The improvements consist in weaving, in a common simple loom, Brussels or similar carpets, or looped fabrics, as Wilton or velvet piled carpets and hearth-rugs, plain, either in white or grey yarn, or any color, intended as the ground of the pattern; and afterwards printing upon the said plain goods, any pattern or device, in the ordinary manner of block or machine printing, the color parts of which may be raised, washed, and dried in the usual way. The carpet is then distended, and the back stiffened with size or other suitable matter, as may be found requisite.

In Plate VIII., fig. 1, represents a front elevation of an improved winding apparatus, constituting the first part of the improvements; fig. 2, is an end view; and fig. 3, is a plan or horizontal view of the same, as seen from above. These figures will be sufficient to illustrate two methods of carrying this part of the invention into effect, viz., doubling from hanks, or skeins, or separate bobbins, as one side of

the frame is represented having the hanks or skeins, and the other the bobbins.

The machine consists of a slight frame a, a, a, the upper part of which supports the reels b, b, b, containing the hanks of yarn c, c, c. The lower part of the framing supports the driving-shaft d, d, upon which is keyed the pulley e, to which driving-power is to be applied. Upon this shaft d, a series of wooden drums f, f, f, are also mounted, which revolve with it, and drive, by friction of contact, the bobbins g, g, and m, m.

The yarns or threads being taken separately from the hanks, two, three, or more of them are brought together, and passed through the eyes h, in the stationary guide-rail i, i; thence through the eyes h*, h*, on the traversing guide-rail i*, i*. These threads are then wound upon one of the bobbins g, side by side, so that the two, three, or more, will readily unwind from the bobbins, at the same speed, and thus always preserve an uniformity, in length and tension.

The guide-rails i*, are traversed to and fro, in order to lay the yarn evenly upon the surfaces of the bobbins, by means of the lever k, being moved by the heart or excentric motion l, geared with the other end of the driving shaft.

It will be observed, by the drawing, that a similar arrangement is represented upon the other side of the machine, except that the three threads are being wound together upon the bobbin m, m, from off bobbins n, n, instead of the reels b, b, or hanks c, c.

The apparatus necessary to perform the second part of the improvements, namely, the arranging, printing, or stamping, and reeling of the threads or yarns, intended to be woven into carpets or rugs, is shewn in longitudinal elevation at fig. 4.

Any number of bobbins containing the yarns, are placed at a, a, upon spindles mounted (either vertically or in any other manner) in the boards b, as a creel, the yarns from which are passed between the friction guide rollers c, c, and one two or more threads (according to the quality of the carpet required) are drawn through each space of the wires