a, comes into contact with the inclined plane of the catch e, (in the act of shutting the door,) it is raised into the position shewn, by dots, in fig. 4; and when the door closes, she edge of the lever-plate falls down behind the notch of the hasp e, and the door becomes fast.

When it is required to bolt the door from the inside, the plate a, must be raised, by means of the bolt-knob k, fixed upon the pin i, which is inserted into the plate a. By means of this knob k, the plate is to be projected into the socket or mortice, made in the door-jamb f, which is done by passing the pin i, of the bolt-knob, into the second notch of the aperture m, cut in the lining of the mortice b, which notched aperture is shewn in figs. 1 and 2.

An oblong slit or opening n, is made in the hinder part of the lever-plate, for the purpose of allowing it to slide longitudinally upon the pin g, when the plate is projected, as described, into the jamb of the door, in the act of locking or bolting the door.

The plate may also be shot forward to the same distance from the outside, by means of a small key, inserted in the outer side of the door, as shewn at 7, in fig. 1,—the tongue of this key acting against the notch p, cut in the under part of the plate, as shewn by dots in fig. 2, the rotation of the key raising and projecting the plate forward.

If desired, the plate a, may be shot forward still further into the mortice of the door-jamb f, by passing the pin i, of the bolt-knob, into the third notch of the aperture m. This, however, cannot be done, without previously removing the key from the key-hole on the outside of the door; but when the plate has been thus shot forward from within, it cannot be brought back again by any other means than by raising the bolt-knob k, and sliding it back, as the solid part of the plate, when projected, will be in front of the key-hole, and thereby prevent the key being inserted.

The patentee claims the improved construction of latch, lock, or other fastening, above described, in which one simple plate of metal is made to answer the threefold purpose of latch, bolt, and lock.-[Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, January, 1842.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Son.

To GEORGE MANNERING, of Dovor, in the county of Kent, plumber, and HENRY HARRISON, of Ashford, in the same county, plumber, for their invention of certain improvements in the means of raising water and other fluids. [Sealed 8th September, 1841.]

THIS invention of improvements, in raising water and other fluids, consists in certain improved methods of constructing, the internal parts of pumps, whereby they may be made with less labour, and will work more easily than pumps of the ordinary construction.

The improvements consist in applying or adapting a narrow annular or other stationary metallic or other packing, to the inside of the pump-barrel, in which stationary packing, an accurately fitted bucket works. This bucket may be made of metal or other suitable substance, but metal is preferred, as it will last longer than any other material. The external face of this bucket is very accurately ground or turned to a perfectly smooth surface, and the packing, in which it works, is attached to the inside of the pump-barrel or cylinder, in any convenient manner.

In Plate VII., fig. 1, represents a transverse vertical section of one of the improved pumps, for ordinary purposes. The pump cylinder-barrel or casing, may be made of wood, lead, cast-iron, brass, or other suitable material.

The pump-barrel casing or cylinder, may be taken just as it comes from the foundry, and requires little or no internal preparation for the reception of the annular packing, which may be either screwed down or otherwise secured on to a projecting piece, cast in the interior of the cylinder for that purpose, or attached to the flange, by which the upper and lower parts are fastened together.

The bucket, plunger, or piston, is a metallic cylinder, and its external surface is accurately ground or turned, to fit the annular packing, which is shewn detached in figs. 2 and 3.-Fig. 2, being a section of a metallic packing, consisting of segments of brass or other metallic rings; and fig. 3, a similar view of a packing, made of a ring of cork,

enclosed between two metal rings, and made to pack closely against the sides of the plunger, bucket, or piston, by screwing up the metal rings, and, by that means, forcing out the cork, and making it press against the said buckets, piston, or plunger.

Fig. 4, is a sectional view of a lift-pump, or that description of pump usually employed in mines and deep wells, with the invention applied thereto. Fig. 5, is a similar view of a double-action ship's pump, constructed according to the improvements. Fig. 6, is a section of part of a pump, on an enlarged scale, in order to shew the parts more clearly.

a, a, is the pump-barrel; the cylindrical bucket, piston, or plunger, is shewn at b, and is worked by means of the rod c, and handle d. The annular metallic or other packing e, e, is fastened by screws, or otherwise, to a projecting piece, cast on to, or attached to, the sides of the pumpbarrel, as before described; f, is the valve, which admits water into the pump-barrel, as the piston, bucket, or plunger, rises; and g, is another valve, opening outwards, and connected to the bucket, either at the upper part or in any other convenient situation, as is well understood by all plumbers. The cylindrical piston is made about the length of the required stroke.

Different methods of applying the packing to the interior of the pump-barrel, are shewn in figs. 1, 4, and 5, already alluded to; and as the methods of doing this are evident in the drawings, a further description is unnecessary.

The patentees do not confine themselves to any particular method of attaching or applying the metallic or other packing to the interior of pump-barrels, nor to the material of which the said packing is composed, but they claim, first, forming the plunger, bucket, or piston, (cylindrical or otherwise,) of sufficient length for the required stroke; and secondly, the novel mode of applying the packing, by its forming a part of the barrel, or being attached thereto, in any convenient manner, as above described; which packing may be annular or otherwise, according to the shape of the piston.-[Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, March, 1842.] Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Son.

To GEORGE ALLARTON, of West Bromwich, in the county of Stafford, surgeon, for certain improvements in the method of balling and blooming iron.*—[Sealed 11th November, 1841.]

According to the ordinary method of making iron, as soon as the puddled balls or ball furnace piles are taken from their respective furnaces, they are subjected to the operation of hammering or squeezing, by which they are freed from cinder, and reduced to blooms, slabs, &c., as desired. The squeezers, generally employed for this purpose, consist of a lever, worked by a crank or cam, attached to the machinery. The bedding or foundation of these squeezers is effectually secured from lifting up or moving, by various contrivances; so that, in the event of great resistance from the iron becoming too cold, or from any other cause, some portion of the machinery must inevitably break, occasioning expense and delay. From this liability to breakage, the utility of the squeezer is much lessened, as a sufficient power cannot be obtained without risk.

To remedy this defect, the patentee provides a relief, which enables the machine to be so adjusted as to exert any given or required amount of pressure, (say from 100 to 1000 tons,) with perfect safety; and in the event of a greater resistance occurring than that to which it is adjusted, the whole machine lifts up from a joint or hinge, at the extremity of the bed-plate, and thus prevents any breakage.

In consequence of the great pressure required, the motion is necessarily slow,-thus an advantage is given to the workman in turning about his bloom or slab. Tools, so constructed as to prevent the iron eluding the grasp of the squeezer, can be used, by which the bloom is sooner completed, and the iron may be rolled whilst quite hot.

In Plate VII., figs. 1 and 2, are side views of the machine, in two positions. a, a, is the cast-iron bed-plate,

* Since the granting of this Patent, the Patentee has entered a Disclaimer to part of the Title, the effect of which is, that it now stands for " Blooming Iron" only.

with a long slot or forked opening in its hinder part, to allow the tail of the lever b, to work up and down through it. Upon this bed-plate are fixed two standards c; one only of these can be seen in the side elevation. Through eyes, in the standards c, a strong wrought-iron pin d, is passed, which constitutes the axle or fulcrum of the lever b. On the bed-plate is placed a carriage or bearing e, for the anvil f, to rest upon; and several (say four) cast-iron weights g, g, of at least five tons each, are also placed, to press the bed down. At the front part of the bed-plate, on each side, there extends a gudgeon or pin h, held down to the foundation by strong wrought-iron loops i, bolted to the masonry. These gudgeons h, h, constitute a fulcrum or hinge-joint, on which the bed-plate may rise as a lever, but do not admit of its being displaced laterally.

In fig. 1, there are represented two pieces of hot iron or blooms, of compressible iron, under the jaw of the squeezing lever b, which lever will, when worked up and down upon its fulcrum-pin, compress the blooms of iron upon the anvil f, into the required shape. But when the iron is in a cold state, as the piece represented under the jaw of the lever b, in fig. 2, the incompressibility of the iron, in that state, prevents the jaws from coming down upon the anvil. In this case, the certain and uniform force applied to and acting against the tail of the lever, in the ordinary mode of working it, would, from the resistance of the incompressible piece of iron, cause some part of the machine to give way or break; but that, by the bed itself, being permitted, under this extreme force, to rise, as shewn in fig. 2, the strain upon the machine is relieved, and no fracture is likely to take place.

The patentee remarks, that although he has described the particular machine now at work, and which has been at work for some months, blooming iron at the rate of about 150 tons per week, without the slightest accident or breakage, and without any additional expense to its original cost; yet he does not intend to restrict himself to the particular form of lever and its appendages, shewn in the drawings, as that might be varied without deviation from the prin

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