volves; and there are springs 34, 34, attached, at their upper ends, to the frame-work of the machine, their lower ends pressing against adjustable screws, attached to the hook or crutch-bar 30. By these means the crutch-bar has a constant tendency to press inwards or towards the back of the machine; and at a certain period of the rotation of the cam 33, an indentation on its periphery is brought opposite the roller 32, when a backward movement of the hook or crutch-bar takes place, as will be seen in the general operation of the machine.

A longitudinal bar 35, attached to the hook or crutchbar 30, forms a breast-beam, over which the manufactured fabric passes, on its way to the work-roller e, e.

The operations of the machine are explained, as applied only to the manufacture of one particular fabric; yet it will be obvious to all persons conversant with warp-frames, and a similar class of machinery, that the lapping of the yarns or threads may take place in a variety of forms, depending only upon the cut of wheels for racking the guidebar; and, if desired, extra guide-bars may be introduced, for the purpose of forming ornamental, open, or other fabrics, each guide-bar being supplied, as is well understood, with a respective cut of wheels, to produce the required shogging motions.

These actuating wheels may be mounted on the shaft 17, in a similar manner to that one shewn in the drawings; or they may be carried by a frame, which vibrates with the shaft 3, 3; in the former case, however, the ends of the guide-bars must be made sufficiently broad to prevent them getting out of contact with their shogging-wheels, when in the act of vibrating, in order to pass the threads or yarns through the needles. By these means, certain descriptions of fabric, usually denominated tattings, may be produced, and a variety of similar kinds of articles, which will readily suggest themselves to a competent manufacturer.

In order to explain one mode, by which the loops or laps may be so interlaced, as to produce the required knitted fabric, a series of diagrams are shewn, which represent the various positions the guides will assume, with regard to the

needles. The needles, in these diagrams, are described by circles; the oblong figures represent the guides, which carry the yarns or threads.

Supposing the parts to be situated as represented in the enlarged detached sectional view of the working parts, fig. 7, the guides 1, being in the front of the machine, and situated, with regard to their respective needles, as at No. 1, in the previously-mentioned diagram, (see fig. 1,) the roller 19, being in contact with the point A, of the cam 18, shewn in the same figure, and on an enlarged scale at fig. 14,—a further revolution of the cam 18, will allow the roller to fall on to that portion of the periphery of the cam marked 1, thereby racking or shogging the guides one space to the right, and bringing them into that position shewn in the diagram No. 2, during which time, by the action of the cams v, v, the needles have been raised into the position shewn in fig. 8.

The next operation of the machine, is passing the guides between the needles, towards the back of the machine, which is effected by the prominence on the cam 12, coming in contact with the roller 7*, on the lever 7, thereby turning that lever on its centre, and giving a vibratory motion to the guides, as before described,-this operation bringing them into the position shewn at No. 3, diagram, and in the detached view, fig. 9.

The cam 18, by means of its elevated part 2, now racks the guides one space to the left, bringing them into the situation shewn in diagram No. 4, when the guides are immediately again passed through the needles, to the front of the machine, into the position shewn at diagram No. 5, by which means the threads or yarns have become lapped round their respective needles.

During this time the needles have been gradually rising into the position shewn in the detached fig. 10; after which, and during the passage of the cam 18, through its division 2, they again begin to fall, the presser-bar 22, by means of its cams 27, 27, being made to advance towards the needles, as shewn at fig. 11. By reference to this figure, it will be seen, that the lap or coil, formed as before described, is now

within the beard of the needle, and that loop, produced by the working of the last course, is situated underneath it, and still held on the needles.

The presser-bar is now further advanced, and the needles brought lower down, into the position shewn at fig. 12, where it will be perceived, that the laps last formed are at the top of the needles and under their beards, while those loops, produced by the previous course, are allowed to pass over them, the presser-bar 22, having pressed the beards of the needles into their eyes or recesses, owing to the hook or crutch-bar 30, moving a short space towards the back of the machine, which allows the presser-bar to come forward. The presser-bar now returns to its former situation, and the needles descend from their position, fig. 12, into that shewn at fig. 13, by which the last loops are drawn through the former, thereby causing them to interlace each other, as is well understood by all persons conversant with warpmachinery.

The crutch-bar now comes forward to its first position, bringing the hooks of the crutches over the work, and carrying the work forward, free from the needles, which operation brings the working parts again into the starting position, represented at fig. 7. Another course is now commenced, which only varies, from that last described, in the motions of the guides; for it is in this instance necessary, in order to interweave a loop, formed by one thread, into a loop, formed by another thread, that at the next course of working, each guide should lap or coil its thread round a different needle from that round which it lapped its thread before; in this case, the next needle is the one which the guides are intended to travel round. To effect this, the guides are now racked or shogged, by the stop on the cam 18, marked 3, one space to the left, and brought into the position shewn in the diagram No. 6. The guides now pass to the back of the machine, into the position shewn at diagram No. 7; during which operation the needles, as before described, have risen to the position shewn in the detached fig. 8. The division 4, of the cam 18, then racks the guides one space to the right, bringing them into the

situation shewn in the diagram No. 8, when they pass to the front of the machine, and regain their starting position, shewn in the diagram at No. 1, and in fig. 7, when the same operations again take place, the hooks or crutches extending over the finished work, and preventing it from ascending when the needles pass upwards.

It will be perceived, by reference to the diagrams, that one needle, at each end of the series, is removed, their removal causing the outside threads, which are supplied from separate bobbins h, h, (see figs. 1, 3, and 4,) to form but one mesh or loop, while each of the others is producing two meshes. The outside needles being removed, the outside guides will only form one loop, while every other guide is forming two; that is to say, there will only be a loop formed by the end guides, ready to be taken down through one formed by its adjacent guide, at every other course, so that the end loops will be interlaced, and tie together those constituting two courses of meshes or loops.

The outside guides of each breadth not having two needles to coil the thread around, can only form their loops around the first needles; or, in other words, (making only one course of work for two motions, and these single loops,) will, in course of working, be regularly interlaced with the double loops, formed by the double courses or movements of the other guides, and thus form a fast and tight selvage, the different courses being connected together in a longitudinal direction, as must be well understood by all persons conversant with this kind of manufacture.

The patentee claims the novel construction, combination, and arrangement, of the parts or agents used for producing the fabric, constituting a novel machine, together with the movements and operations of the several parts thereof, suitable for forming or manufacturing looped or knitted fabrics; the character of which fabric may be varied to a great extent, by giving different motions to the parts or agents above described, by means of different cuts of wheels, or shapes of the actuating cams, without deviating from the general features of the novel arrangement of ma

chinery, as will be readily seen by any competent manufacturer acquainted with machinery of this class or description; that is, such as are commonly known and used for producing looped or knitted work.-[Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, May, 1841.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Son.

TO MILES BERRY, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery-lane, in the county of Middlesex, civil engineer, for an invention of improvements in the construction of locks, latches, or such kind of fastenings, for doors and gates, and other purposes to which they may be applicable,-being a communication. -[Sealed 14th July, 1841.]

THESE improvements, in the construction of locks, latches, and other similar fastenings, consist in a peculiar arrangemen of parts, whereby a lever-plate, constructed and adapted on the plan hereinafter described, will answer all the purposes of a lock, bolt, and latch.

In Plate VII., fig. 1, is a horizontal section of a door, exhibiting the situation of the lever-plate a, a, in the mortice b, b, of the door c, c. Fig. 2, is a side view of a portion of the door, the latch-knob and bolt-knob being removed, and the situation of the lever-plate a, indicated by the dotted lines. Fig. 3, represents the edge of the door c, with the mortice b, and plate a, within it. The leverplate a, in these last two figures, is in the position it would occupy when the latch only is intended to be used.

It will be seen, by referring to figs. 1 and 2, that when this apparatus is employed as a simple latch, the lever-plate a, having been thrown back, remains entirely within the mortice b, in the substance of the door, a small notch or opening d, having been cut away in the edge of the door, as shewn at fig. 3, in order to admit the hasp or catch e, which projects from, or is attached to, the jamb ƒ, as seen in fig. 1.

The pin g, of the latch-knob h, forms the fulcrum on which the lever-plate a, works; and as the end of the lever