ITS HISTORY, TRADITIONS,

AND RELIGIONS.

WITH THE

NARRATIVE OF A VISIT IN 1879.

BY SIR EDWARD J. REED, K.C.B., F.R.S., M.P.,

༔་

VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE INSTITUTION OF NAVAL ARCHITECTS;

MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTIONS OF CIVIL ENGINEERS AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS;
KNIGHT OF THE IMPERIAL RUSSIAN ORDER OF ST. STANISLAUS, OF THE

AUSTRIAN ORDER OF FRANCIS JOSEPH, AND OF THE
TURKISH ORDER OF THE MEDJIDIÉ, ETC.

IN TWO VOLUMES.-VOL. II.

WITH ILLUSTRATIONS.

LONDON:

JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET.

1880.

[The Right of Translation is reserved.]

LONDON:

PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SCNS, LIMITED,

STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.

NO VIMU
AIMBORLIAD

CONTENTS.

(VOL. II.)

CHAPTER I.

OUR ARRIVAL IN JAPAN-FIRST IMPRESSIONS.

Our first view of Japan-The sacred mountain Fuji-yama-Coast scenery

-Yokohama Bay-Our landing-Reception on shore-A small

summer palace of the emperor-Railways of Japan-Arrival in Tokio

-The residence of Admiral Kawamura-Memoranda by E. Tenn

Reed-Jinriki-shas-Costumes of the people-Japanese shops-Torii—

A Shinto temple-Mode of worship-Shinto priests-A movable shop

The policeThe children-Shampooers-Outside the town-

Country scenery-Rice-fields-An inland town-Tea-drinking-The

national beverage, saké-A Buddhist temple-Buddhistic worship-

The lotus emblem-Japanese animals-Excursion vans. Pages 1-18

CHAPTER II.

A MONTH IN THE EASTERN CAPITAL.

Our courteous reception there-Imperial princes and princesses-Ministers

of state-The prime minister Sanjo-The founding of Tokio (Yedo)—

The castle-Splendid temples-Wooyeno Park-European buildings-

Native shops-The metropolitan temple of Asakusa―The Nio, or

giant gate-keepers-The remedial idol, Binzuru--Curious modes of

worship-A praying-wheel-Japanese lacquer and bronze-Devoted

workmen-Early lacquer-work-Decline and revival of the manufacture

-The processes employed-Early and modern bronzes-Modes of pro-

duction-Exact reproductions avoided-Art-work-Coloured pictures

in metal-Repoussé work-An unequalled work of art―The paper-

mills of Oji-Paper-manufacture-Multiplied uses of paper-The

government and administration of Tokio-An official statistical

account

19-47

250720

CHAPTER III.

LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE.

Early Japanese an unwritten language-Transmission of records by word

of mouth-The Indian Vedas-A colossal system of mnemonics-

Ancient language of Japan-The Loo-choo dialect-Japanese a Tu-

ranian tongue-Mr. Hyde Clarke's theory of an ancient Turano-African

empire-Intercourse with Korea-Influence of Chinese literature—

"Letters of the god-age "—The alphabet-Spoken and written language

-Difficulties of exploring Japanese literature-Diary of the old court

noble-A Japanese classic-Japanese poetry-Poetry of the gods-A

verse by the god Susanoo-Chant of the goddess Uzume-A "No "—

Specimens of native poetry-Remarkable influence of women upon

literature-Interchange of prose and poetry between a Chinaman and

a Japanese-Captain Brinkley on the Japanese language-Mr. Hyde

Clarke's Turano-African theory

CHAPTER IV.

DRAWING AND PAINTING.

Pages 48-79

Our opportunities of studying Japanese art-Temple art treasures-Studies

in Kioto-Artistic séances-Foreign derivation of the art-Government

patronage-Early artists of distinction-Kano and his school-The

Tobo school-Okio and the Shiyo Riu-Hokusai, the Japanese Hogarth

-The "schools" of Japan-Professor Anderson upon Japanese design,

composition, drawing, perspective, chiaroscuro, and colour-The beauty

of the human form not duly appreciated in Japan-Sir Rutherford

Alcock on Japanese art-Frequent recurrence of pictorial subjects—

Legend of the cuckoo and the moon-Anticipated progress of the

Japanese in European art styles-Their technical mastery. 80-104

CHAPTER V.

PROVERBS AND PHRASES OF THE PEOPLE.

Many proverbs and proverbial sayings-Expressions for what is impossible

-Injunctions for avoiding the appearance of evil

CHAPTER VI.

THE INLAND SEA AND NAGASAKI.

105-112

Departure from Yokohama in the Meiji Maru-The lighthouse of Oosima

-Precautions against earthquakes-A natural break water-Kobé and

Hiogo-Waterfalls-Temples and shrines-The club at Kobé-Scenery

of the Inland Sea-The bay and castle of Mihara-A beautiful dawn—

Takahara―The ancient temples of Miyajima-A torii in the sea—

Sacred deer and monkeys-The Shinto shrines-Origin of the temple-

A homeless goddess-A rebellion and a revenge-Shimonoséki-The

straits of that name-The attack of the combined squadrons in 1864-

An indemnity extorted by the aggressors-The town of Shimonoseki

-A legend of its temple-A change of weather-Nagasaki harbour

-One Pine-tree House-A singular imperial salute-The coal-mines of

Takashima-Government establishments-A Church missionary-The

fatal isle of Pappenberg-Return trip through the Inland Sea-The

ancient city of Osaka-Its historic associations. Pages 113-136

CHAPTER VII.

THE CITY OF OSAKA.

Approach to the city-Well-managed railways-The imperial reception-

house-Governor Watanabé-A nursery garden-Views over the city-

Kozu, the temple of deified emperors—Another Shinto temple-An

ancient Buddhist temple-Reminiscences of Prince Shotoku-taishi—

The temple of the sea-gods-A musical service therein-A prehistoric

boat-Divine jewels (magatama)—A Japanese fair-The castle of Osaka

-Its modern arsenal-Immense monoliths-A ceiling of arrows-A

gilded roof-the castle keep-Inspections of barracks-Studious soldiers

-A private Japanese dinner-A public dinner-Japanese music and

dances-A speech by the President of the Chamber of Commerce-A

pretty compliment-Dramatic performances—A purchasing expedition

The power of art-Presents-The imperial mint-The new coinage

-Output of the mint.
137-154

CHAPTER VIII.

THE SACRED CITY OF NARA.

Interest felt in the city-View of the people-Men of average stature,

women small-Picturesque children-Visit to Sakai-Road to Nara-

Shadoofs-Burial-places of the Mikados-Tomb of the war-god Ojin—

Raised river-beds-Village graveyards-Scenery-River navigation—

The ancient temples of Hori-uji-Relic of Buddha-Carvings of Prince

Shotoku-First view of Nara-Careful cultivation of the land-Our

temple-abode-The great temple of Dai-butsu-The colossal god of bronze

and gold-The supporters of the god-Historic relics-Footprint of

Buddha-Temples of Kwannon-A fine landscape-A tea-house-More

Buddhist and Shinto temples-Courtesy and hospitality of the priests

-Temple avenues-Dance of the virgin priestesses-An ancient pine-

tree-Curiosity shops-Return start-Site and limits of the ancient

city-Group of Shinto temples near Sakai-A Japanese interior-More

hospitality-Osaka again

155-178