Dobrzin, Siradia, and Lancitia besides four other large towns: he bequeathed also very large possessions, and many towns, to his two natural sons that he had by Hester, the Jewess; and all this he did without the consent or advice of any of his barons or prelates, and I imagine that the same power that can give a part can give the whole.

When Lewis arrived at Cracow in order to be crowned, the primate insisted that he could receive the crown no where but at Gnesna, but Lewis persisted, and the prelate yielded, upon condition, that when the king should come to Gnesna he should enter the church in his coronation robes, and this compromise was accepted.

But Lewis did not like Casimir's having dismembered the kingdom of so many towns and duchies, and revoked them all except some part of what was given to the duke of Stetin's son. He agreed he should continue in possession of the duchy of Dobrzin, but that he should hold it as a male fief from the crown of Poland.

He divided Casimir the Great's personal estate as he had directed, but afterwards sent his two daughters into Hungary, where they were to reside, in order, as I suppose, to prevent their ever giving him any disturbance in Poland by disputing that crown with him; for I find that after they were in Hungary, he declared them illegitimate and incapable of ever succeeding to the crown of Poland.

Lewis, after this, made a progress through all Poland, and soon after went back into Hungary, and took with him the crown and the other ensigns of Polish royalty, leaving his mother, Elizabeth, who was sister to Casimir, to govern the kingdom during his absence, without giving any orders about the government of Poland, or leaving her any instructions to guide her in her administration.

The Poles, not contented with their present government, nor with the absence of their king, many of them invited Uladislaus, who was a Massovian duke (and consequently of the race

of Piast) but had sold his possessions to Casimir the Great, and was at that time a monk in

a cloister at Dijon in Burgundy, where he had resided for fourteen years, to come and attempt the gaining the crown of Poland, assuring him, that they would assist him. He, remembering the story of Casimir the First (who came to the crown out of the monastery of Cluny), went directly to the Pope at Avignon to have a dispensation for his vows; but the Pope, not caring to disoblige so powerful a prince as Lewis, refused his request; notwithstanding which, Uladislaus proceeded in his design, and, coming into Poland, he seized upon Gnesna and Cujavia, and some other places, that made no resistance. Few of the Poles joined him, which they were deterred from doing, by hearing that Lewis was making warlike preparations to attack this invader; and, in a little time, Uladislaus found himself entirely abandoned. But, by the means of Elizabeth, the regent, he made his peace with Lewis, who agreed to give him

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ten thousand florins, and a rich abbey in Hungary, for all his pretensions in Poland. This offer Uladislaus readily embraced, and went into Hungary, where he was well received by Lewis, who paid him his money, and put him into possession of an abbey, which, Dlugossius says, was Pinguis et Ventrosa, and in which Uladislaus ended his days.

In 1372, Lewis, king of Hungary and Poland, betrothed his eldest daughter, Mary, to the marquis of Brandenburgh, youngest son to the emperor Charles the Fourth, who was also king of Bohemia, and to whom, about this time, Lewis made a fresh cession of all the rights of Poland to the duchy of Silesia.

In the year 1374, Lewis, finding the Poles very remiss in paying the tax, called Krolewczyzna or Paraldné, which was six grosses and a measure of barley and oats upon every habitation that had land tacked to it, ordered his officers to acquaint the Polish prelates and barons, that he would not suffer his treasure to be diminish

ed; but that as he was as powerful a prince as Casimir, he would have his dues as well-paid: which he was entitled to by right and custom immemorial. The prelates and barons who did not care for paying this tax, answered that Casimir the Great had not only freed them from this tax, but confirmed that exemption by acts signed by his own hand. To this Lewis replied, that it was true that his uncle had promised them to do so, but had never fulfilled his promise; and that the above-said tax had always continued to be levied to the day of Casimir's death, but that as his right in the kingdom of Poland was only in him and his male heirs, and as he had no sons, and but two daughters he would consent to reduce the tax to two grosses per habitation, provided the Poles would consent that their crown should descend to his daughters and their issue. To this the prelates and nobles consented-you must understand that this diminution of tax only related to the bishops and barons, for the rest of the people