Phylogenetic Methods and the Prehistory of LanguagesPeter Forster, Colin Renfrew McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2006 - 198 Seiten Evolutionary ('phylogenetic') trees were first used to infer lost histories nearly two centuries ago by manuscript scholars reconstructing original texts. Today, computer methods are enabling phylogenetic trees to transform genetics, historical linguistics and even the archaeological study of artefact shapes and styles. But which phylogenetic methods are best suited to retracing the evolution of languages? And which types of language data are most informative about deep prehistory? In this book, leading specialists engage with these key questions. Essential reading for linguists, geneticists and archaeologists, these studies demonstrate how phylogenetic tools are illuminating previously intractable questions about language prehistory. This innovative volume arose from a conference of linguists, geneticists and archaeologists held at Cambridge in 2004. |
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Seite 68
... known . For ex- ample , parts of the transmission history of an Icelandic narrative poetry sequence are known a priori because scribes explicitly identified the exemplar manuscript from which they copied . Maximum parsimony did a good ...
... known . For ex- ample , parts of the transmission history of an Icelandic narrative poetry sequence are known a priori because scribes explicitly identified the exemplar manuscript from which they copied . Maximum parsimony did a good ...
Seite 98
... known points on each tree in accordance with historically attested dates . For example , the Ro- mance languages ( derived from Latin ) probably began to diverge prior to the fall of the Roman Empire . We can thus constrain the age of ...
... known points on each tree in accordance with historically attested dates . For example , the Ro- mance languages ( derived from Latin ) probably began to diverge prior to the fall of the Roman Empire . We can thus constrain the age of ...
Seite 187
... known cases of direct contact influence , we usually cannot explain why in any particular language a given change occurred when it did , nor why that change did while other pos- sible ones did not . However , the changes a language ...
... known cases of direct contact influence , we usually cannot explain why in any particular language a given change occurred when it did , nor why that change did while other pos- sible ones did not . However , the changes a language ...
Inhalt
CLARE J HOLDEN RUSSELL D GRAY | 19 |
Bantu Classification Bantu Trees and Phylogenetic Methods | 43 |
Chapter 6 | 67 |
Urheberrecht | |
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Albanian algorithms Anatolian Archaeological assumptions Bantu languages Bantu trees Bastin Bayesian binary Biology borrowing branch lengths Cambridge Chapter clade cladistics classification coded cognate cognate class cognate sets comparative computational correspondences data set data-cognate dating dialects distribution divergence Dyen East Bantu edge English estimates evidence evolutionary example Figure Forster genetic Germanic glottochronology Gray & Atkinson Greek guages Historical Linguistics Hittite Holden homoplasy Indo-European languages Indo-Iranian inference innovations islands language data language evolution language family lexical evolution lexical replacement lexicostatistics likelihood Malagasy Markov matrix maximum parsimony McDonald Institute McMahon meaning Molecular morphological Mycenaean Neighbor-Net Nichols nodes Pagel parameters phonetic phonological characters phylogenetic methods phylogenetic trees phylogeny posterior probability probability problem Proto-Indo-European rates of lexical reconstruction relationships Renfrew reticulations root semantic slot similar split splits graph statistical subgroup Swadesh Swadesh list telic tion Tocharian verbs vocabulary Warnow word lists zone