do I claim the use of two shuttles when employed in one and the same loom for the purpose of weaving ribbons.

But I do claim as of my invention of certain improvements in looms.

Firstly, the application of more than two sets of shuttles in one and the same loom, for the purpose of weaving figured brocaded ribbons, such said shuttles and parts to which they are attached being arranged, combined, and actuated in the manner herein before particularly set forth, and represented at the figures 1, 1*, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, of the annexed drawing as constituting improvements in looms.

Secondly, I claim the manner herein before particularly described, set forth and represented in respect of figures 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, of the drawing hereunto annexed, by which the several shuttles contained in each horizontal row of shuttles, may be simultaneously acted upon for the purpose of weaving several similar pieces of ribbon in one and the same loom at the same time.

And I further claim the mode set forth of working the slides, such slides being subject to less friction than any now in use in looms where two sets of shuttles are used, together with the arrangement for governing the distance to which such batten is raised, and by which the several rows of shuttles are placed in the necessary position for effecting the shoot at each shed of the warp, in accordance with the pattern to be woven.

Thirdly, I claim the mechanical combination and arrangements of parts herein before particularly described set forth and represented at the figures 7, 8, 9, of the annexed drawing, for the purpose of weaving such description of ribbons as are designated checks and tartans, as constituting improvements in looms, whether such looms be worked by power or hand.

And such my invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entirely new and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, called England, Her said Dominions of Wales or town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be my specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my said specification doth comply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise

with the provision in the said herein-before in part recited letters patent contained, wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to the said invention. In witness, &c.

Enrolled June 23, 1846.

J. WILLIAM COLE.

Specification of the Patent granted to CHARLES TETLEY, of Bradford, in the West Riding of the County of York, Stock and Share-broker, for Certain Improvements in Machinery for Raising and Impelling Water and other Liquids, and also thereby to obtain Mechanical Power.-Sealed Feb. 11, 1846.

WITH AN ENGRAVING.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c. In order that my improvements may be understood, reference must be had to the accompanying drawings, marked figures 1, 2, and 3, the first and last of which are drawn very nearly to a scale of one and a-half inch to the foot, and the second to a scale of very nearly three quarters of an inch to the foot. In reference to figure 1, a is a pipe, the lower extremity of which is supposed to extend down into the water or liquid to be raised, the upper end at b, diverges into two branches marked c, c. At the top end of each branch is an air-tight iron box, each of which is marked d, d, and each having a removable lid at the side, marked e, e. f,f,f, is a pipe of small diameter, forming a passage for air from one box to the other, by which means one exhausting air-pump answers for both boxes. g, g, g, g, is an iron case made air-tight. i, i, is a wrought iron shaft, at one end of which is either a pulley or a toothed wheel marked j. k, k, are two journals or bearings fixed in the inside of the boxes d, d, for the purpose of carrying the shaft i, i. m is a stuffing box, which makes the passage through which the shaft, i, i, passes into the box d, air and water tight. n, o, p, is a pipe which joins to the under part of the case, g, g, g, g, by means of the bend at o, and which may, when desirable, be enlarged at o, and provided with valves opening upwards. In the interior of the case, g, g, is placed a

u,

These

hollow wheel, having hollow spokes, or radial arms, of which q, q, are two. r, r, I call the nave, which is hollow, and s, s, are two hollow shafts, one at each side of the wheel. t, t, are two stuffing boxes, truly bored, and the shafts, s, s, are truly bored to fit them. In the interior of the nave, r, there is a boss or plate of metal marked which is cast in at the time the wheel is cast, and which carries the wheel in the manner shown in the other section, marked figure 2. The shaft, i, i, passes through the centre of this plate and is firmly keyed in. On the end of each of the hollow spokes, q, q, is fixed a short piece of pipe or tube, made of leather or India rubber, or other flexible and waterproof material or materials, and which are marked and w, the one marked being shown as open, and the one marked w being shown as shut or collapsed. flexible valves are to be secured in a firm and air-tight manner on to the ends of the spokes by clamps or other secure means. x is an exhausting air-pump for drawing air out of the machine, and y is the piston-rod thereof. z, z, are two vanes, a front view of which (in the interior side) is shown in figure 3, and which are fastened on to the shaft, i, i, so as to revolve with it. A man hole is to be provided in some part of the case, g, g, but which is not shown in the drawing. All the parts which have now been described (in figure 1) are represented in cross vertical section, with the exception of the air-pump, the pipe, n, o, p, and the pipe, f,f,f, of which three the drawing shows merely an external view. The top end of the pipe, n, o, p, the lower part of the pipe, a, and the top end of the pump-rod are represented as broken off, it being to be understood that of the two former the first may be conducted where the liquid is desired to be conveyed, and the second into the well or liquid to be raised, while the pump-rod may be connected to the moving power in any way most convenient. Figure 2 represents a vertical section of the hollow wheel already described in figure 1, taken through the dotted line, c, c, or through the plane in which the wheel revolves. This figure is drawn to half the scale of figure 1. q, q, &c., are the hollow spokes, v, v, and w, w, &c., are the flexible valves, five of which are shown as open, and three as collapsed. n, is the boss or plate of metal carrying the wheel. i, is the hole therein for the solid shaft. From an inspection of

this figure it will be seen how the plate u is made to carry the wheel, while, from an inspection of figure 1 it will be seen that the hollow spokes are enlarged in their cross section at the ends next the nave, so as to admit the liquid to pass at each side of the plate, u, into the spokes.

The operation of the machine is as follows:-Let the attendant first close all the flexible valves at the ends of the hollow spokes, and then put the air-pump, x, into operation to exhaust the air from the interior of the wheel, the boxes, d, d, the pipes, c, c, and a. As this exhaustion takes place the liquid will rise up the pipes, a, and c, c, and fill the boxes, d, d, and the wheel. After the exhaustion of air just mentioned has begun to take place, all the flexible valves will remain closed and air-tight in virtue of the external pressure of the atmosphere, so long as the machine is at rest. After the wheel has become filled with the liquid let it be put into rapid rotatory motion by means of the pulley or toothed wheel, j. The speed at which the hollow wheel revolves must be so regulated as to communicate to the liquid, which now fills the hollow spokes, such degree of tendency to fly off (or out) by virtue of the centrifugal force imparted thereto as will cause it to force open the flexible valves, notwithstanding any pressure of air externally thereon, and fly out. The liquid will be received into the iron case, g, g. As one portion of the liquid comes out of the hollow wheel a corresponding portion will ascend up the pipes, a, and c, c, to supply its place. Now, if it be not intended to raise the water more than twenty-eight or from that to thirty-two feet, that is to say, not higher than the force of the atmosphere would lift it in vacuo, (computing such distance from the surface of the water to be raised to the hollow shaft,) then the water or liquid may at once be drawn from the case and conveyed where desired, the machine as now described being sufficient. In such instances, however, it is not requisite the case should be air-tight but may be open at the sides, and in some instances there need be no case at all. But if it be desired to raise the water higher than such distance without employing two machines, then the case must be airtight, and the further operation will be as follows. pipe, n, o, p, may be filled with the water or other liquid to be raised, and either by the aid of a forcing air-pump or any other ready method known for such purposes, the

The

air-tight case is to be filled or charged with as much compressed air as will balance the column of liquid in the pipe, n, o, p, whatever may be the height of that column, without suffering the liquid to rise high enough in the case to submerge any part of the wheel. Means must also be provided to renew such compressed air from time to time as may be required. Inasmuch as this can always be done by a forcing air-pump, as well as several other methods which are well known. I have not exhibited any means of doing so in the drawings, it being unnecessary. Now the case being filled with air so compressed, and the hollow wheel with its supply pipes being filled with the liquid to be raised, as before described, then such speed in the rotation of the wheel must be communicated as will throw the liquid out of the wheel into the case, notwithstanding the latter being charged with air so compressed. The liquid so thrown out of the wheel will fall to the bottom of the case, and the pressure of the compressed air on its surface will force it out by the pipe, n, o, p, with the same velocity, with which the wheel introduces it into the case, and by that means prevent the liquid rising in the case to impede the rotation of the wheel. By this means the liquid may be raised the height desired, above thirty-two feet, care being taken to make the case, and all the other respective parts of the strength requisite to sustain the pressure.

I would, however, observe something upon that law of hydraulics by which the motion of liquids ascending decreases in speed in proportion to the height or length of the ascending pipe or channel. For example, if the hollow wheel in figure 1 be thirty feet above the surface of the water in the well, then the liquid would not rise up the pipes, a, and c, c, with near the same velocity as it would do if the wheel was but twenty feet above the liquid to be raised. Therefore, if the pipes, a, and c, c, are made of such diameter as only to have the same area for the passage of the water up them, as is the area of the shafts of the hollow wheel, they will in such case not supply sufficient water for the wheel. It is found that the decrease in speed of water ascending perpendicular pipes is nearly as the square root of the distance between the water to be raised and the point of discharge. Upon this I found one part of my invention or improvements, namely, to make the pipes, a, and c, c, of such internal area over