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and a memoir by Bishop Doane (1856), and “Life of Bishop Wainwright," by Rev. John N. Norton (1858). After his death a church was erected to his memory in New York city. His son, Jonathan Mayhew, naval officer, b. in New York city, 27 July, 1821; d. near Galveston, Tex., 1 Jan., 1863, entered the navy as a midshipman, 30 June, 1837, attended the naval school at Philadelphia in 1842-3, and became a passed midshipman, 29 June, 1843. He was appointed acting master, 10 Nov., 1849, and commissioned lieutenant, 17 Sept., 1850. He was on special duty at Washington in 1861, and commanded the steamer "Harriet Lane,' which was Admiral Porter's flag-ship in Farragut's fleet during the engagements with Fort Jackson and Fort St. Philip and the capture of New Orleans in April, 1862. He took part in the operations of the fleet below Vicksburg, and in October, 1862, commanded the "Harriet Lane" in Com-constant efforts for the release of her husband. mander Renshaw's squadron at the capture of Galveston. While he was holding possession of Galveston, Gen. Magruder attacked the "Harriet Lane," then lying above the city. Wainwright was killed while gallantly leading his men to repel the Confederate boarders, and in ten minutes after half the crew of the "Harriet Lane were shot down and the vessel was captured by the Confederates. The second Jonathan Mayhew's son, Jonathan Mayhew, naval officer, b. in New York city, 29 Jan., 1849; d. at sea, 19 June, 1870, was graduated at the U. S. naval academy in 1867, was promoted to master, 21 March, 1870, and while serving in the "Mohican " he had command of the boat expedition to cut out the pirate steamer " Forward," which was operating on the coast of Mexico, manned by a crew of filibusters. The "Forward was lying alongside of the beach in the lagoon at San Blas when Wainwright attacked and attempted to capture the ship by boarding. The pirates fired on the boat's crew, and shot Wainwright. The crew burned the steamer, and Wainwright was carried on board ship, where he died the next day. The second Jonathan's daughter, MARIE, now Mrs. Louis James, has attained some reputation as an actress.

on Navy island. On a raid into Upper Canada he was captured, brought to trial for high treason, and condemned to be hanged on 25 Aug., 1838. Only a fortnight intervened between his sentence and its intended execution; but in that short time his wife, MARIA Wait (née Smith), surmounting almost impossible difficulties and the strong opposition of Sir George Arthur, governor of Upper Canada, obtained from Lord Durham, the governor-general, a commutation of his sentence from death to transportation for life to Van Dieman's Land. She then went alone and almost penniless to London to obtain his pardon. The case was laid before the queen's council, but they opposed any clemency so long as the disturbances continued to exist in Canada. Mrs. Wait supported herself at first by acting as companion to a wealthy lady, and then as teacher in an infant-school, meanwhile making After two years, her health broken by long-continued suspense and privation, she decided to join her husband in his banishment. She was about to embark for Van Dieman's Land when the ministry had decided to grant a pardon to her husband and his six surviving companions in exile if it should be recommended by the governor-general of Canada. She set out at once for Toronto; but she received from the governor only a kindly refusal. Not disheartened by this, she besought the members of the legislature to exercise their influence, and succeeded at the end of a year in securing the signatures of fifty of the number to her petition. With this she again waited upon the governor, who again declined her request. She then induced her friends in the legislature to introduce a resolution recommending the governor to urge upon the queen a pardon to Wait and his associate exiles. The resolution was passed, and then the governor yielded. In March, 1842, an order was issued for their absolute release. Meanwhile Wait had been allowed unusual freedom in Van Dieman's Land, and at the very time when the British ministry were signing the order for his release, he succeeded in escaping from Hobart Town. He had arranged with an American whaler to take him and a single WAINWRIGHT, Richard, naval officer, b. in companion up at sea from a small boat; but they Charlestown, Mass., 5 Jan., 1817; d. near New Or- were missed in the darkness, and then for thirteen leans, 10 Aug., 1862. He entered the navy as a days they were tossed about with no food but raw midshipman, 11 May, 1831, attended the naval fish. At last they were seen by an American vessel school at Norfolk in 1837-'8, and became a passed homeward bound. The ship was wrecked on the midshipman, 15 June, 1837. In 1838-'41 he served coast of Brazil, but none perished. Seven months on the coast survey in the brig "Consort.' He afterward, ragged and penniless, Wait reached the was commissioned lieutenant, 8 Sept., 1841, com- United States, and rejoined his devoted wife, who manded the steamer "Water-Witch on the home was teaching at Niagara Falls. But, worn out with station in 1848-'9, served again on coast survey in her efforts in her husband's behalf, Mrs. Wait's 1851-27, and cruised in the steam frigate "Merri- health had given way, and soon after his return she mack" in 1857-'60. He was stationed at the Wash- died. Wait is still living in Grand Rapids, Mich. ington navy - yard on ordnance duty in 1860-'1, promoted to commander, 24 April of the latter year, and given the flag-ship "Hartford” of Admiral Farragut's fleet, fitted out for the capture of New Orleans. During the passage of the forts the Confederate tug "Mosher" pushed a fire-raft alongside of the " Hartford," which threatened the destruction of the ship. Wainwright distinguished himself in this conflict with the flames and continued to fight the forts on 24-25 April. He participated in the operations of Farragut's fleet below Vicksburg, and was highly commended by the admiral. At the time of his death he still commanded the "Hartford."

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WAIT, Benjamin, patriot, b. in Markham township, Upper Canada, 7 Sept., 1813. He engaged in the Canadian rebellion, and was appointed a colonel in the insurgent forces that had their headquarters

WAIT, Samuel, educator, b. in Washington county, N. Y., 19 Dec., 1789; d. in Wake Forest, N. C., 28 July, 1867. He was graduated at Columbian college, Washington, D. C., and served there for a short time as tutor. In 1827, having already been ordained to the Baptist ministry, he removed to North Carolina, and became pastor at New Berne. The remainder of his life was devoted to the promotion of the educational and religious interests of that state, and few men have accomplished more for these interests, especially as connected with the Baptist denomination. Mainly by his exertions the Baptist state convention of North Carolina was organized in 1830. The first Baptist newspaper published in the state owed its existence to his labors. He was active in establishing Wake Forest school, which subsequently became Wake Forest college, and was president

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of it from its foundation to 1846, a period of fourteen years. In 1851-'6 he had charge of a school for girls in Oxford, N. C. He has received the degree of D. D. from Wake Forest in 1849.

WAIT, William, lawyer, b. in Ephratah, N. Y., 2 Feb., 1821; d. in Johnstown, N. Y., 29 Dec., 1880. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1846, and became district attorney of Fulton county, N. Y., in 1848. In 1856 he held the office of school commissioner. As a law-writer Mr. Wait was painstaking and accurate. Few legal works have been more widely known or more generally cited as authority than his. He was the author of "The Law and Practice in Civil Actions and Proceedings in Justices' Courts and on Appeals to the County Courts in the State of New York" (2 vols., Albany, 1865); New York Annotated Code of Procedure" (1871); "A Table of Cases affirmed, revised, or cited in the Reports of the State of New York" (1872); The Practice in Courts of Record of the State of New York" (1872); and Wait's Actions and Defences at Law and in Equity" (7 vols., 1876-'9). Mr. Wait also edited an American edition of Herbert Broom and Edward A. Hadley's "Commentaries on the Law of England" (2 vols., Albany, 1875), and prepared a continuation of Clinton's "Digest of New York Reports," which was published as "Clinton and Wait's Digest of New York Reports" (1876).

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WAITE, Carlos Adolphus, soldier, b. in 1800; d. in Plattsburg, N. Y., 7 May, 1866. He entered the U. S. army as 2d lieutenant of infantry, 28 Jan., 1820, became 1st lieutenant, 1 May, 1828, and captain, 3 July, 1836. From 7 July, 1838, till 8 May, 1845, he was captain and assistant quartermaster. He was appointed major of the 8th infantry, 16 Feb.. 1847, and served in the Mexican war, receiving the brevets of lieutenant-colonel, 20 Aug., 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at Contreras and Churubusco, and colonel, 8 Sept., 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct at Molino del Rey, where he was severely wounded. He was made lieutenant-colonel of the 5th infantry on 10 Nov., 1851, and colonel of the 15th infantry on 5 June, 1860. In 1864 he was placed on the retired list, owing to impaired health, and he resided in Plattsburg until his death. He was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers on 13 March, 1865, for long and faithful service in the army.

WAÏTE, Charles Burlingame, jurist, b. in Wayne county, N. Y., 29 Jan., 1824. He was educated at Knox college, Ill., studied law at Galesburg and Rock Island, and was admitted to the bar in 1847. After fifteen years' successful practice, chiefly in Chicago, he was appointed by President Lincoln in 1862 associate justice of the supreme court of Utah. In 1865 he resigned this post and became district attorney of Idaho, and a year later he returned to Chicago, since which time he has devoted himself to literary pursuits. Judge Waite has published a "History of the Christian Religion to the Year A. D. 200" (Chicago, 1881), and made numerous contributions to the press on suffrage and other politico-legal questions.-His wife, Catharine Van Valkenburg, author, b. in Dumfries, Canada West, in 1829, was graduated at Oberlin in 1853, and married Mr. Waite the next year. In 1859 she established Hyde Park seminary. She is a graduate of the Union college of law and a member of the Illinois bar. In 1886 she founded the "Chicago Law Times," a quarterly magazine, of which she is the editor. Mrs. Waite is active in all movements for the advancement of her sex. At the International council of women at Washington she was elected president of the Woman's

international bar association, 26 March, 1888. She is chief manager of the publishing-firm of C. V. Waite and Co., and has published "The Mormon Prophet and his Harem " (Cambridge, 1865).

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WAITE, Henry Matson, jurist, b. in Lyme, Conn., 9 Feb., 1787; d. there, 14 Dec., 1869. His ancestor, Thomas, who came from England to Massachusetts about 1663, is believed to have been a son of Thomas Waite, one of the judges that signed the death-warrant of Charles I. Henry was graduated at Yale in 1809, studied law with Judge Matthew Griswold and his brother, Gov. Roger Griswold, was admitted to the bar in 1812, and practised law in Lyme. In 1815 he was elected to the legislature, serving several years as representative and as state senator in 1832-'3. He was appointed a judge of the supreme court of errors of Connecticut in 1834, and held that place and that of judge of the superior court for twenty years. In 1854 he was made chief justice of the state by the unanimous vote of the legislature. In 1855 Yale gave him the degree of LL. D.-His son, Morrison Remick, jurist, b. in Lyme, Conn., 29 Nov., 1816; d. in Washington, D. C., 23 March, 1888. He was graduated at Yale in 1837, where he was a classmate of William M. Evarts, Benjamin Silliman, and Samuel J. Tilden, and began the study of law in his father's office, but in 1838 travelled extensively, and then completed his legal education with Samuel M. Young in Maumee City, Ohio. In 1839 he was admitted to the bar, and formed a partnership with Mr. Young. He proved himself capable of grasping all the minute details of legal controversies and rose rapidly. The firm removed to Toledo in 1850, and continued until his youngest brother, Richard, came to the bar, when the two brothers formed a partnership. Mr. Waite in the mean time had become widely known for his successful management of difficult cases, and his studious habits and upright character. Opposing counsel often said that his assertion on any question of law was unanswerable. During more than three decades he was the acknowledged leader of the Ohio bar. Politically he was a Whig until the disbandment of that party, after which he was a Republican. But he took no part in political affairs, although repeatedly solicited to accept a nomination to congress, and he declined a seat on the bench of the supreme court of Ohio. In 1849 he was a member of the Ohio legislature. He first attracted national attention as counsel for the United States before the tribunal of arbitration at Geneva, Switzerland, in 1871-'2, his associates being Caleb Cushing and William M. Evarts. He assisted in the preparation of the case, and was chosen to argue the liability of the English government for permitting Confederate steamers to be supplied with coal in British ports during the civil war, the robust clearness and directness of his logic carrying conviction on all the points he raised. His argument was published (Geneva, 1872). When he returned in 1872, the degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him by Yale. In 1874 he was the choice of both political parties as a delegate to the Ohio constitutional convention, and on its assembling in Cincinnati he was unanimously elected its president. When the death of Chief-Justice Chase had created a vacancy in the highest judicial office of the United States, two or three eminent jurists were successively nominated for the post, but their names were withdrawn. On 19 Jan., 1874, the president sent to the senate the name of Mr. Waite. The nomination met with general approval, and the nominee received every vote that was cast. Mr. Waite took the oath of

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office on 4 March, 1874, and immediately entered upon its duties. He rigidly enforced the rules and precedents of the court in all matters of practice, watched the docket, and pushed the business rapidly. The second great period of constitutional interpretation began with his first year on the bench. The amendments were coming up for judicial exposition, and questions were to be settled as to the powers of congress, the rights of states, and the privileges of citizens. Some of the most important corporation cases that were ever argued in the United States came before him, involving the most intricate questions of interstate commerce. One of his associates on the bench says: His administrative ability was remarkable. None of his predecessors more steadily or more wisely superintended the court or more carefully observed all that is necessary to its workings. He has written many of the most important opinions of the court - too many to be particularized.' Among these opinions are the decision on the head-money-tax cases in 1876, on the polygamy cases in 1879, on the election laws in 1880, on the powers of removal by the president, and the Virginia land cases in 1881, on the civil-rights act in 1883, on the Alabama claims, the legal - tender act, and the Virginia coupon - tax cases in 1885, on the express companies and the extradition cases in 1886, and on the Kansas prohibition cases, the Virginia debt cases, the national banks, and the affair of the Chicago anarchists in 1887. A marked feature of Chief-Justice Waite's judicial career was the pronounced advocacy of the doctrine of state rights in his opinions. His conception of our novel and complex theory of government, and his independence of political considerations, are clearly shown in the Ku-klux, civil rights, and other decisions, in which he did not hesitate to set aside Republican legislation if he deemed it necessary; nor was he deterred, by fear of being accused of friendliness to large corporations, from pronouncing decisions in their favor-for example, his decision on the validity of the Bell telephone patents, which was his last official action. He was assigned to the 4th circuit, which included Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and the Carolinas, and also acted as circuit judge in New York in consequence of the disability of Justice Ward Hunt. He often was known to hurry away from a state dinner, to bestow conscientious labor upon some important opinion, working late into the night. It will be remembered to his honor that he never allowed any whisperings of ambition to divert his attention from his duties. He made it clear to the country in the most emphatic language in 1876 that he would not be considered a possible candidate for president. He also declined to serve on the electoral commission. Judge Waite was from 1874 till his death one of the Peabody trustees of southern education, continuously served on one of the standing committees of that body, and was also on the special committee of three that urged on congress the bestowal of national aid for the education of the southern negroes. Robert C. Winthrop, chairman of the trustees, at their annual meeting in 1888, in the course of remarks on Judge Waite's life and character, said of him: "Coming to the office without the prestige of many, or perhaps of any, of those whom he fol- | lowed, he had won year by year, and every year, the increasing respect and confidence of the whole country, and the warm regard and affection of all who knew him." Services were held in the capitol by the two houses of congress before the removal of his remains to Toledo. In the U. S. circuit

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court in Charleston, S. C., where he had often presided, members of the bar of that city spoke in his praise, especially alluding to his kindliness of manner and impartiality during the reconstruction period. "Fortunate, indeed," said one of the speakers, "that there was a man who, amidst the furious passions which rent the country and shook the land, could hold in his steady and equal hand the balances of justice undisturbed." The degree of LL. D. was given him by Kenyon in 1874, and by the University of Ohio in 1879. Chief-Justice Waite was of medium height, broad-shouldered, compactly built, and erect. His step was light and firm, and all his movements were quick and decisive. His well-poised, classically shaped head was massive and thickly covered with handsome grayish hair. His manners were graceful and winning, but unassuming. He was one of the most genial of men, and his whole bearing commanded instant respect. His private character was singularly pure and noble. Judge Waite was a member of the Protestant Episcopal church, and a regular attendant on its services. Mrs. Waite, four sons, and one daughter survive him.

WAITE, Henry Randall, editor, b. in Copenhagen, Lewis co., N. Y., 16 Dec., 1845. After graduation at Hamilton in 1868, he was on the staff of the Utica "Herald" in 1869-'70. In 1873 he was graduated at Union theological seminary, New York city, where he had edited the "University Quarterly Review." In 1871-'4 he was pastor of the American church in Rome, Italy, and he was on the staff of the New Haven "Journal" in 1875. In 1876-7 he edited the "International Review," and in 1876-'80 was pastor of the Presbyterian church in Pelham, N. Y. In 1876 he organized the National reform league, and in 1876-7 was president of the Political science association of New York. In 1880-'3 he was a special officer of the U. S. census. In 1885-'6 he edited "The Citizen" in Boston, and he afterward became editor of "Civics" in New York. In 1885 he founded the American institute of civics, of which he has since been president. He was the first to employ the term "civics" to designate those branches of science that pertain to the elevation of citizenship. He has published "The Motive of St. Paul's Life" (Rome, 1873) and "Illiteracy and the Mormon Problem" (Boston, 1885).

WAKEFIELD, Cyrus, manufacturer, b. in Roxbury, Cheshire co., N. H., 7 Feb., 1811; d. in Boston, Mass., 26 Oct., 1873. About 1827 he went to Boston, where he engaged in trade. He originated the rattan business in this country, and discovered several methods of utilizing the rattan waste, while of the split rattans he made furniture and carriage-bodies. He established a large factory for these manufactures in South Reading, Mass., where his rattan-works cover seven acres of ground. In 1868 South Reading voted to change its name to Wakefield, in recognition of his benefactions, particularly the gift of a town-hall that cost $100,000. He also gave $100,000 to Harvard, and left large bequests to benevolent objects.

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WAKEFIELD, Nancy Amelia Woodbury Priest, poet, b. in Royalton, Mass., 7 Dec., 1836; d. in Winchendon, Mass., 21 Sept., 1870. maiden name was Priest, and in 1865 she married Lieut. Arlington C. Wakefield. Her fame rests on the popular poem "Over the River." which first appeared in the Springfield, Mass., "Republican in 1857. A collection of her poems was published by her mother, Mrs. Francis D. Priest, with a memoir by the Rev. Abijah P. Marvin, of Lancaster, Mass. (Boston, 1871).

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