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twenty, (and the executions seven,) had diminished under his administration (a period of seven years) to between fifteen and sixteen, unaccompanied by any execution whatever. This small experiment," he adds, "has been made without any diminution of the security of the lives and properties of men. Two hundred thousand men have heen governed for some years without a capital punishment, and without any increase of crimes." And, as to reformation by kind treatment, employment, and cleanliness, we have only to remind our readers of the decisive experiment made in Newgate by Mrs FRY, and of the history of the Philadelphia Prison, the Maison de Force at Ghent, the jails of Ilchester, Bury, and others. As to the remaining branches of our subject, we must delay their examina➡ tion to a future opportunity.

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1

But now comes the cream and the zest of my story ;

Do but think of the pleasure and think of the glory;

Enjoy it yourself, and let all my friends know it

I have seen- I have spoken to Southey the Poet!

I got into his garden I cannot tell how, And, meeting the owner, of course made a bow,

And began an excuse; but so civil was he, That he ushered me into his parlour to

tea.

He saw I was awe-struck, and so for my sake

He descended to talk of the weather and

lake;

And then, (for he has a perception of fun,) Only think of it, Conrad, he let off a

pun.

And now I've no doubt you would wish me to trace,

As well as I can, his figure and face.
His figure is muscular, slim, and you feel,
At the very first glance, that he's very gen-

teel;

But look at his head and his face, and you know it

At once, without doubt, Mister Southey's a poet;

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[We are obliged to break off here somewhat abruptly, for our friend Mr Kempferhausen gets into his altitudes in describing the literary and political character of his idol, and we feel ourselves inadequate to construe his brilliant periods into any thing like intelligible English, Upon the whole, however, he proves very satisfactorily, that Mr Southey's political sentiments are quite the same now as when he canonized Martin the Regicide; and that, though their Agrarian views happen to coincide, yet that he is a much better poet than Mr Spence the philanthropist.]

ON THE POEMS OF THE MOST DESERVEDLY ADMIRED MRS KATHARINE PHILIPS, THE MATCHLESS ORINDA.

once more

It gives us great pleasure when we find in the compositions of authors long forgotten, any thing worthy of being recovered, and brought into the view of the world. We feel as if we were making a new acquaintance among the worthies of past times, and seem at the same time to be performing a duty to the dead, which is particularly soothing and gratifying. We cannot well turn over the volumes of those who have

at any time possessed a share of reputation, without lighting upon something good; and, although they may have been much overrated in their day, it seldom happens that their estimation has been quite unfounded. "The matchless Orinda" was a theme of praise for Cowley, and several other contemporary poets; it was quité accidentally that we happened to look into her poems, but we had not gone far without perceiving that she was a person who ought not to be left in oblivion. We do not recollect any earlier name among the poetesses of England, and, with the single exception of Miss Baillie, she perhaps ought yet to stand at their head. We have, indeed, a pleasure in tracing some resemblance

in her genius to that of our illustrious countrywoman. There is nothing, it is true, in her poetry, of that close inspection of the human heart, that ter rific exhibition of passion, or that inventive faculty which have enabled a woman, in our time, to surpass in the drama the efforts of any male competitor. If Mrs Philips had those high powers, she has not put them forth; and it is rather in the sober intelligence, and moral character of her poetry, that we at all compare her to Miss Baillie, than in any of the higher qualities of genius. In these respects, however, her composi tions are very remarkable, and it is singular to see how well the unaffected eercise of these endowments has preserv ed her from the false taste of her age. She seems to have been an uncommonly amiable and high-minded woman, and the time in which she lived, the beginning of Charles Second's reign, when every loyal spirit that had mourned over the fate of his father, and had clung to the ruins of church and state, was once more visited by the glow of hopes restored,

suited well the character of her soul, and gives to her poetry a moral su blimity which is sometimes of an higher order than that of genius itself. Her life is interesting,-she was marWales, had one child, who died beried, lived mostly in retirement in the world at the early age of 31. fore her, and was herself taken from Her total unconcern about fame, and the evident proof that her poems were merely the result of her occasional

feelings and reflections, without any tional interest, and we really think farther view, give to them an addiit is edifying for our modern versifiers, their effusions, to be informed of the who are commonly so eager to print real pain and uneasiness which she suffered, on being written to by a friend that her poems had been collected, and surreptitiously published.

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ginations rifled and exposed to play the mountebanks, and dance upon the ropes, to entertain all the rabble-to undergo all the raillery of the wits, and all the severity of the wise, and to be the sport of some that can, and some that cannot read a verse. This is a most cruel accident, and hath made so proportionate an impression upon me, that really it hath cost me a sharp fit of sickness since I heard it, and I believe would be more fatal, but that I know what a champion I have in you, and that I am sure your credit in the world will gain me a belief from all that are knowing and civil, that I am so innocent of that wretched artifice of a secret consent, of which I am, I fear, suspected, that whoever would have brought me those copies corrected and amended, and a thousand pounds to have bought my permission for their being printed, should not have obtained it."

She afterwards adds,

"I am so far from expecting applause for any thing I scribble, that I can hardly

expect pardon, and sometimes I think that employment so far above my reach, and unfit for my sex, that I am going to resolve against it for ever; and could I have recovered those fugitive papers that have escaped my hands, I had long since made a sacrifice of them all. The truth is, I have an incorrigible inclination to that folly of rhyming, and intending the effects of that humour only for my own amusement in a retired life, I did not so much resist it as a wiser woman would have done, but some of my dearest friends, having found my ballads, (for they deserve no better name,) they made me so much believe they did not dislike them, that I was betrayed to permit some copies for their divertisement, but this, with so little concern for them, that I have lost most of the originals, and that I suppose to be the cause of my present misfortune," &c.

In this manner Mrs Philips's poems were first published in a very disfigured and mutilated state. She then agreed to print a correct edition, but was seized with the small-pox, and died before the publication. We think our readers will be obliged to us for a few quotations from this neglected volume, which appeared soon after the lamented death of its author. Mrs Philips's poetry is remarkable for smoothness of versification, the frequent weight of matter condensed in her diction, and general good taste and simplicity. The volume opens with a number of loyal poems on the return of the royal family, addressed to them

separately. There is very considerable merit in one on the death of the young Duke of Gloucester, the King s brother, which happened soon after the Restoration.

All parties do agree

As in admiring, so lamenting thee,
The sovereign's, subject's, foreigner's de-
light;

Thou wert the universal favourite.
Not Rome's beloved and brave Marcellus
fell

So much a darling or a miracle.
Though built of richest blood and finest
earth,

Thou had'st a heart more noble than thy
birth,

Which by the afflictive changes thou did'st know,

Thou had'st but too much cause and time
to shew,

For when fate did thy infancy expose
To the most barbarous and stupid foes,
Yet thou did'st then so much express the
Prince

As did even them amaze if not convince.
Nay, that loose tyrant, whom no bound
confin'd,

Whom neither laws, nor oaths, nor shame,
could bind,

Although his soul was than his look more
Yet thy brave innocence half-softened him,
grim,
And he that worth wherein thy soul was
dressed,

By his ill-favoured clemency confest,
Lessening the ill which he could not re-
pent,

He called that travel which was banish

ment.

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Those made thy temper, these thy judg-
Whilst thou the noblest champion wert
ment known,
for truth,

Whether we view thy courage or thy
youth.

If to foil nature and ambition claims
Greater reward than to encounter flames,
All that shall know the story must allow
A martyr's crown prepared for thy brow.
But yet thou wert suspended from thy

throne

Till thy great brother had regained his
Who though the bravest sufferer, yet even

own,

he

Could not at once have mist his crown and

thee.

But as commissioned angels make no stay,
But having done their errand go their way,

So thy part done, not thy restored state, The future splendour which did for thee wait,

Not that thy prince and country must mourn for

Such a support and such a counsellor Could longer keep thee from that bliss, whence thou

Look'st down with pity on earth's monarchs now;

Where thy capacious soul may quench her thirst,

And younger brothers may inherit first.

There are weak lines in the above pas-
sage-but there are many good ones,
and there is no nonsense, which can
scarcely be said of any other laudatory
poem of that age, even from much
greater poets. Mrs Philips excels
particularly in encomiums on the dead.
There is a poem
"in memory of that
excellent person, Mrs Mary Lloyd of
Bodidrest, in Denbighshire," &c. in
which there are some admirable lines:

She was by nature and her parent's care
A woman long before most others are.
But yet that antedated season she
Improved to virtue not to liberty.
For she was still in either state of life
Meek as a virgin, prudent as a wife.
And she well knew, altho' so young and
fair,

Justly to mix obedience, love, and care,
Whilst to her children she did still appear
So wisely kind, so tenderly severe,
That they from her rule and example
brought

A native honour, which she stamp'd and taught, &c.

She was so pious, that when she did die She scarce changed place, I'm sure not company.

Her zeal was primitive and practick too; She did believe and pray, and read, and do, &c.

Her alms I may admire, but not relate, But her own works shall praise her in the gate.

Her life was chequered with afflictive years, And even her comfort seasoned in her

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Was a fresh widow every son she lost, &c.
And as in youth she did attract, (for she
The verdure had without the vanity,)
So she in age was mild and grave to all,
Was not morose, but was majestical.

Thus from all other women she had skill To draw their good, but nothing of their

ill.

And since she knew the mad tumultuous world,

Saw crowns reversed, temples to ruin hurl'd,

She in retirement chose to shine and burn As a bright lamp shut in some Roman

urn.

We shall give only one other poem of this kind," An Epitaph on my Honoured Mother-in-Law Mrs Phi

lips of Portheynon, in Cardiganshire." We think it remarkably well expressed, and almost a model for epitaph composition.

Reader stay, it is but just,

Thou dost not tread on common dust,
For underneath this stone does lie
One whose name can never die,
Who from an honoured lineage sprung
Was to another married young,
Whose happiness she ever sought,
One blessing was, and many brought.
And to her spouse her faith did prove
By fifteen pledges of their love.
But when by death of him deprived
An honourable widow lived
Full four and twenty years, wherein
Though she had much afflicted been,
Saw many of her children fall,
And public ruin threaten all,
Yet from above assisted she
Both did and suffered worthily.
She to the church and crown adhered
And in their sorrows them revered,
With piety which knew no strife,
But was as sober as her life.
A furnish'd table, open door,
That for her friends, this for the poor,
She kept, yet did her fortune find
Too narrow for her nobler mind,
Which, seeking objects to relieve,
Did food to many orphans give,
Who in her life no want did know,
But all the poor are orphans now.
Yet hold, her fame is much too safe
To need a written epitaph.
Her fame was so confessed, that she
Can never here forgotten be,
Till Cardigan itself become
To its own ruin'd heaps a tomb.

The Matchless Orinda seems to have had many female friends, to whom she gives names, according to the custom of the day, of the same

pedantic kind with that which she assumed for herself. There is an elegant little poem quite in a different style from the preceding ones, on Lucasia, Rosania, and Orinda, parting at a fountain, July 1663.

Here, here are our enjoyments done,
And since the love and grief we wear
Forbids us either word or tear,
And art wants here expression,
See Nature furnish us with one.

The kind and mournful nymph which here
Inhabits in her humble cells,
No longer her own sorrow tells,
Nor for it now concerned appears,
But for our parting sheds these tears.
Unless she may afflicted be

Lest we should doubt her innocence,
Since she hath lost her best pretence,
Unto a matchless purity;

Our love being clearer far than she.
Cold as the streams that from her flow,
Or (if her privater recess,

A greater coldness can express ;)
Then cold as those darks beds of snow,
Our hearts are at this parting blow.

But Time, that has both wings and feet,
Our suffering minutes being spent,
Will visit us with new content;
And sure, if kindness be so sweet,
"Tis harder to forget than meet.
Then, though the sad adieu we say,
Yet as the wine we hither bring
Revives, and then exalts the spring,
So let our hopes to meet, allay
The fears and sorrows of this day.

This is a string of conceits, it is true, but it is infinitely more elegant and in better taste than many of the compositions of the great Cowley himself. We are tempted to transcribe one stanza of his in praise of our authoress, as a most exquisite piece of nonsense, and certainly affording a strong contrast to the good sense of her own poetry.

Women, as if the body were the whole,
Did that, and not the soul,
Transmit to their posterity,
If in it sometimes they conceived
Th' abortive issue never liv'd;
"Twere shame and pity, Orinda, if in thee
A spirit so rich, so noble, and so high,
Should unmanured or barren lie;
But thou, industriously, hast sown and till'd

The fair and fruitful field,

And 'tis a strange increase that it doth yield.
As when the happy gods above
Meet all together at a feast,

A secret joy unspeakably does move
In their great mother Cybele's contented

breast.

With no less pleasure thou, methinks, shouldst see

This thy no less immortal progeny;

So easily they from thee come,
And there is so much room

In the unexhausted and unfathom'd womb, That, like the Holland Countess, thou mightst bear

A child for every day of all the fertile year.

There is something much better in a poem of the same author on Orinda's death. We shall close our article with one stanza from it; premising, however, that we can still produce many other good quotations from our poetess, if our readers have any wish to see them.

But wit's like a luxuriant vine,
Unless to virtue's prop it join
Firm and erect towards heaven bound,
Though it with beauteous leaves and plea.
sant fruit be crowned,

It lies deform'd and rotting on the ground.
Now shame and blushes on us all,
Who our own sex superior call;
Orinda does our boasting sex out-do,
Not in wit only, but in virtue too :
She does above our best examples rise,
In hate of vice and scorn of vanities.
Never did spirit of the manly make,
And dipt all o'er in learning's sacred lake,
A temper more invulnerable take.
No violent passion could an entrance find
Into the tender goodness of her mind.
Through walls of stone those furious bul-
lets may

Force their impetuous way,
When her soft breast they hit, damped and
dead they lay.

OF THE PRINCESS ELEONORA.

D.

In last Number, we promised some notices respecting the Princess Eleonora, (second, or, according to others, fourth,) daughter of James the First of Scotland, and the Lady Jane Seymour, daughter to the Duke of Somerset.-In Scotland, every thing must be interesting that relates to the offspring of a Prince, the most accomplished and amiable gentleman of his own time, or perhaps of any other, and a Lady, whom the readers of the exquisite poem of "The King's Quair" must ever hold in mind,-so graceful so fair, so sweet, 66 so very womanly;"

"On whom to rest his eyen, so much gude

And in their birth thou no one touch dost It did his woful heart;"

find

Of the ancient curse to womankind;

Thou bringst not forth with pain,

and whose well-merited affection, in the last fatal scene of his life, shewed

It neither travel is, nor labour of thy that he had not been misled in his

brain.

first fond anticipations, by the warm th

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