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Ere your heart be quite resign'd, Forget he's fair, and think upon his mind. There is a question-Can a bandsome well-bred young fellow be constant? You're a better judge of this thau I am; but by my truly I think there is a hist of more good qualitys than ever tell to one mortal's share; but if any body can fix the inconstant animal man, I will suppose at in your power.

I have been ready to hang my selfe, to think I shan't be at Miss Banks' wedding. Since I can't, prithee do you what I would do in your case-you know what I mean-put off your shoes and-write me the history of all the whole affair, without disguise, from the Yes pronounced in church, to the soft No, which signilies Yes, in the bedchamber. Lord, Lord, what would I give to be with you, and rattle away a night or two, as your lover says. Ha! my dear maid of bonour, we'd dance, and talk, and sing, and be as merry, if not so well pleas'd, as the bride; the bride, and thereby hangs

PRIZE OXEN AND cows.

the tale. I hope she is well. I have writ to her this post; but did not tell her you gave me the information, because I did not positively know whether you'd care she should be told it or no. Sweet soul, your humble servant.

I would fill this side, but the post bell rings.

To Mrs. Anne Justice, York.

To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine.

SIR,

TH

HE prizes offered by the Smithfield Club*, for the best fat cattle, sheep and pigs, were this year left to the deci sion of Mr. William Walker, of Woolsthorp, Lincolnshire; Mr. William Watkins, of Brinsop, Herefordshire; and Mr. John Roper, of Potter's Pury, Buckinghamshire; who considered the following to have improved the most in flesh and fatness, for the quantity and kind of food consumed by each respectively, when due allowance had been made for age, labour performed, and other circumstances, viz.

Mr. Samuel Chandler's pied Herefordshire Ox, worked more than two years, and fed on hay, turnips, and oil-cakes

Mr. Edward Anger's dark red Sussex Ox, worked two years and three-quarters, and fed on hay and oil-cakes

Mr. Martin Webber's red, curled, Devonshire Steer, worked three years, and fed on hay and oil-cakes

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Mr. Martin Webber's red wide-horned Devon-
slure Ox, not worked, fed on hay and turnips 1152 195 96 35 24
Mr. Samuel Chandler's dark red Herefordshire
Ox, fed on grass and hay

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1532 217 126 56 34

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Mr. Samuel Brook's dark dun Scotch Ox, fed on grass and hay

760 108 86 31 20

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Mr. John Westcar's dark red Herefordshire Cow, which had borne three calves

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PRIZE SHEEP.

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The Duke of Bedford's three 1-year-old S
South-Down Wethers, fed on grass, hay, 2 96
and turnips.

Mr. Henry King's, jun. three 2-year-old S
South-Down Wethers, fed on grass only

See a similar account last year, vol. xxv. p. 108.

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SIR,

361

51 24

296 29 2 12 26 365

USTLY indignant as your correspon

The Sunithfield club have recently offer- To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. ed fifteen prizes, amounting to 210 guincas, to be adjudged at their next show, Dec. the 15th, viz. for large oxen which have worked two years at least, and eaten no corn, five prizes, for as many distinct breeds, each of twenty guineas; for oxen which need not have worked, but must be fed without corn or oil-cake, three prizes amounting to 40 guineas: for fat

cows that have borne three calves at the least 10 guineas; for long woolledwether sheep, one and two years old, two prizes of 10 guineas each; for short woolled wether sheep, one and two years old, two prizes of 10 guineas each; and for pigs, under two, and under one year old, two prizes of ten guineas each. The particulars of these prizes, with printed forms of the certificates, required, with each animal to entitle it to be shown, may be had of Mr. Mitchel, No. 7, Cloth Fair, near Smithfield-Market.

It may be acceptable to some of your readers to be informed, that the Smithfield club consists at present of 225 members, including most of the noble and distinguished patrons of agriculture, and the rural arts in the British dominions, the number of which is rapidly increasing: his grace the Duke of Bedford is the president; Sir John Seabright and Sir John Warmington are the stewards. The meetings are usually held at Freemason's Tavern for transacting busi. ness; the subscription is one guinea per annuin, and the number is unlimited. The great object this club has in view, is to excite emulation and competition among breeders and graziers, for ascer taining and adopting those breeds of animals, which will attain early and perfect maturity, with the least quantities of food, to the exclusion of coarse and unprofitable animals, objects in which themselves and the public are alike in terested. Yours, &c.

J. FAREY, Secretary.

Westminster, Jan. 16th, 1809.

Jdent Mr. Cumberland seems to be on the subject of his letter, which was published in your Magazine for July last, it appears to me that there is another subJect incidentally hinted at in that letter of lasting and infinite importance to mankind: and, I think, in its consequences, more to be deprecated than that of which Mr. C. complains. The subject to which I allude, is the design of many persons in this country of teaching the lower classes of the cominunity to read, but not to write. The only plausible argument that I have heard in defence of such an illiberal mode of education is, that by teaching the lower classes of the community to write, you push up out of its sphere, a greater portion of the body politic than there is room for it, in a given situation, to contain; and, consequently ignorance is preferable to knowledge, in this instance at least. As, from my sphere of observation, there seems to be great reason to apprehend, that the opinion is gaining ground, and as it has been recommended from high authority to restrain the negroes from writing, in order to make a partition wall between them and the whites; who knows, but that this same partition wall, this insurmountable barrier, might not find advocates sufficient to set it up on this side the Atlantic; and, that, at some future period, the night of ignorance might not ouce more lay its ebon wand on the human mind.

The subject is, Sir, I am persuaded, of great moment, and I trust that your ingenious correspondents will favor the public with a lance or two, in order to accomplish the destruction of the manyheaded hydra.

JAS. JENNINGS.

Yours, &c.
Huntshill, Dec. 4th,1808.

For

For the Monthly Magazine.

METEOROLOGICAL ABSTRACT for the last TWELVE MONTÈS at CARLISLE,

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General Remarks on the Weather, &c. observed at Carlisle, during the Year 1808.

JANUARY. The weather for the first nine days of this month, was, for the season, unusually mild and pleasant. The remainder was very changeable, when frost and snow, and storms of wind and rain, occurred alternately. On the 10th, 13th, 14th, 27th, 28th, and 29th, the wind was extremely violent.

FEBRUARY was mild, wet, and stormy, till the 7th, when we had a settled frost, accompanied with light falls of snow till the 15th, at which time snow lay very deep in the surrounding country, and all the mountains in this neigbourhood were perfectly white. The remainder of the month was fair, and uncommonly pleas sant. During this latter period, the baro meter was remarkably high. On the 24th and 25th, it stood at 30,86. This is the greatest height it has ever been at since the commencement of this register.

MARCH continued very mild and pleasant till the 17th; the weather afterwards was cold, with frosty nights, strong winds, and light showers of snow. The barome ter, during the last thirteen days of the preceding month, and twenty-eight of this, was constantly above thirty inches. No rain fell here this month: that which appears in the table (two-tenths) is mel led snow.

APRIL. The weather during the greater MONTHLY MAS. No. 181.

part of this month was most unseasonably cold, with frequent heavy falls of snow, which sometimes amounted to upwards of three inches in depth. In the lat ter part of this month all the surrounding mountains were clothed in white. The first appearance of swallows here this year was on the 19th.

MAY. The mild and pleasant weather, accompanied with refreshing rains, which prevailed during this month, made an agreeable and rapid change in the aspect of the fields and woodlands, when, at the end of the month, vegetation and foliage was as forward as it has generally been in the same season of preceding years. In the former part of the month thunder was frequently heard at a dis tance; on the 5th it was accompanied with a heavy shower of extremely large hail,

JUNE was not marked by any particu lar meteorological occurrence; the weather was, on the whole,very dry and bright, and the temperature rather higher than that of the same mouth of many prece ding years.

JULY. The distinguishing feature of this month is its high temperature, which was generally experienced in every part of the kingdom: the hottest days here were the 12th and 14th, the thermometer on the former day was 89 degrees at four

'clock P. M. on the latter 84 degrees at two o'clock P. M. and G-1 degrees, the

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temperature for the whole month, is the highest ever observed here. The weather continued very fine and brilliant till the 19th. During the remainder of this month we had much distant thunder accompanied with heavy rains. In the afternoon of the 25th rain descended in such torrents that in the space of an hour and a half it amounted to about 2 inches in depth.

AUGUST continued very sultry, wet, and gloomy, till the 11th. The remainder of the month was chiefly fair and brilliant and exceedingly favourable for the harvest. In the evening of the 21st at 15 minutes past 10 o'clock, observed a large and beautiful meteor in the S. E. fall perpendicular to the earth: its apparent diame ter about 7 minutes, perfectly round; colour, a brilliant white, and without any train or coruscation: it was visible for about six seconds. In the afternoon of the 31st we were visited by a most dreadful flash of lightning, which appeared to be a complete sheet of fire; it was instantaneously succeeded by a loud and appalling crack of thunder, exactly similar, but incomparably more loud than the report of a musket; the lightning struck soine buildings in the environs of this city, one of which was set on fire, but by a timely discovery was soon extinguished. Some windows were broken, and other trilling damage sustained, but fortunately nothing very serious happened.

SEPTEMBER. The weather during the greater part of this month was unusually ine. The harvest finished in this district about the middle of this month, and neyer perhaps was there known a more fayourable season for securing the crops than that which is past. In the latter part of the month, the nights were frosty, when on the mornings of the 28th and 29th ice of considerable thickness was observed, at which time many of the surrounding mountains were capped with snow, and winter may be said to have already commenced its reign.

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OCTOBER was on the whole remarkably cold for the season, the mean temperature (43,92) is lower than that of the same month of many preceding years: yet the weather was frequently bright and pleasant, particularly in the former part of the month. On the 14th, 20th, 25th, and 26th, the wind was very violent; on the 25th it was accompanied with a heavy fall of rain, which made the rivers here overflow their banks and adjoining grounds to a very great extent.

During this month, the surrounding mountains were generally patched with snow. The hirundines continued in flocks in this district till the 4th of this month, and some stragglers were seen as late as the 13th. These sojourners appeared very inactive for about three weeks previous to their departure.

NOVEMBER Continued remarkably dry, mild, and pleasant till the 16th, during which period no rain fell, excepting a light shower on the 5th. The latter part of the month was chiefly wet. The 16th, 17th, 21st, 29th, and 30th, were rather stormy. On the 17th, thunder was heard at a distance. On the morning of the 29th the fields in the neighbourhood of this city were whitened with snow for the first time this season.

DECEMBER. The weather during the former half of this month was drizzling, moist, and gloomy. On the morning of the 17th some heavy showers of snow fell, accompanied with a very strong wind, which at mid-day shifted from the S. W. to the N, when the thermometer fell sud. denly from 34 degrees to 26 degrees; we then had a remarkably intense frost, with a brisk parching wind till the 21st, when on that morning the thermometer rose from 21 degrees to 33 degrees, in the course of ten minutes, and a mild thaw commenced, but in the evening the frost set in again; on the following morning about three inches depth of snow fell, and the weather continued vacillating between frost and thaw, which rendered the surface of the earth a complete sheet of ice. During the latter part of the month a very great quantity of snow was observed on the surrounding moun tains.

The following TABLE exhibits the mean state of the thermometer and barometer, and the quantity of rain for the last eight years at Carlisle.

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Greatest height of the thermometer, during this period, 85 degrees May 25th, 1807. Least do. 5 degrees January 8, 1804.

Greatest height of the barometer 30,86 Feb. 25th, 1808. Least do. 28,20 January 10th, 1806.

Greatest range of the barometer 2,66 inches.

The thermometer is situated near, but not in contact with, a wail facing the N. E. where there is at all times a free circulation of air; the sun never shines on it, and it is perfectly free from the influence of reflected heat during the times of registering. This place is about seventeen yards above the level of the sea. The rain-gauge has an elevation of three yards from the ground. Yours, &c.

Carlisle, January 3, 1809.

WM. PITT.

To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine.

SIR,

Tseems now so generally understood I and allowed that the wealth, prosperity, and independence of Britain must depend in no inconsiderable degree, upon the state of its nautical exertions and marine defence; that the lives of its naval officers and seamen, though always valuable, have in the present times become of the greatest importance to the public welfare. The number of these valuable men that are every year lost to their families and to the state by accidents TOW EASILY PREVENTED, is much larger than is apprehended by those who are not in the habit of particularly noticing the frequent losses sustained by the upset. ting of ships' boats passing to and from the shore.

To ascertain the truth of this melancholy fact, as far as relates to the loss of lives, so afflictive to individuals and so injurious to the state, it is only necessary to refer to the public papers or to the knowledge of the inhabitants of the sea ports. And the fullest assurance that the greater part of these accidents might be PREVENTED, may now be obtained by a reference to the committee of the Humane Society, at Lowestoff, in Suffolk, and the pilots and boatmen of that part of our coast, who can now supply the most satisfactory evidence of the utility of an unimmergible boat, built and launched at that place in November, 1807, by order of the gentlemen of that county, who had previously raised a subscription for that particular purpose, under the direc

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tion of Mr. Lukin* of London, who was a casual resident at Lowestoff during the autumn of that year.

As upwards of twelve months experi ence has demonstrated to the gentlemen of Lowestoff (what Mr. Lukin's painphlet on the subject states from his former experience) that boats constructed upon by any power of wind and water, the fol this principle cannot be overset or sunk lowing particulars and description of the construction are made public, with the hope of rendering more generally known the EAST MEANS OF SAVING MANY VALU ABLE LIVES: which might certainly be done, if one ortwo of these boats were built at each of our ports, and every ship furnished with one (at least) in proportion to her size.

Descriptions and Dimensions of the Lowestoff Life-Bout.

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a movable wash strake of

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The form the same as the yawns of that coast; the stern post nearly upright.

External gunwales hollow, forming an oblique section of a parabola with the side of the boat, and projecting nine inches from it on each side: these gunwales are reduced a little in their projection towards their ends, and are first formed by brackets and thin boards, covered at top and bottom with one thickness of good sound cork, and the extremity or a pex of the projection having two thick nesses of cork, the better to defend it from any violent blows it may mect with in hard service. The depth of these gunwales from top to bottom was fifteen inches, and the whole covered with very strong canvas, laid on with strong cement to resist the water, and that will not stick to any thing laid upon it.

A false keel of wrought iron three inches deep, made of three bars rivetted together, and bolted under the common keel, which it greatly strengthens, and makes a very essential part of her ballast; being fixed so much below the floor, it has nearly double the power the same weight would have if laid on the floor, and there

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