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under Sultan Sajah, one of the unfortunate sons of the Emperor Sha Jehan, He governed the eastern provinces of the empire for his father many years, with singular justice and moderation, which endeared his memory to the inhabitants long after his death, which happened by treachery in Arracan, where he sought refuge from the vindictive jealousy and ambition of his unnatural brother, Aurungzebe. The numerous ruins scattered in and about Raaje Mahul, and the great extent of some of them, are strong evidences of its former grandeur, and of the splendor and magnificence of Sultan Sujah. The natives have a tradition, that that part of the palace in which the Z-nanah was situated, was destroyed by fire at a time the Sultan was in a distant part of the province, and that upwards of three hundred women fell a sacrifice to their extreme sense of female delicacy and modesty on the occasion, prefering the inevitable and painful death which awaited them, by continuing in the Zenanah, to the certainty of saving themselves at the expence only of being seen by the men who were endeavouring to estinguish the flames; such is the prejudice of education. The place dwindled soon after the death of the Sultan; and as I observed before, is now a paltry village. About two miles from it is the celebrated bridge, built by the same prince over a nullah, a small river called the Ooda; hence, it is generally known by the name of the Oodanullah bridge, and is distinguished as affording an elegant specimen of the Moghul architecture of those days. It has acquired additional celebrity in latter times, by giving name to a victory gained near it by the East India Company's troops, commanded by Major Adams, over the forces of Cossim Alee Khan, in the year 1764. On the opposite side, but lower down the river than Ranje Mahul, are the ruins of Gour, the ancient capital of Bengal; the natives speak highly of its antiquity and magnitude; the latter is evident, from its wide extended ruins occupying a space of about twelve miles in length, by three in breadth; but I have some doubts of its being as they assert, the capital of Bengal, eight hundred years before the Christian era, and continuing so until the middie of the sixteenth century, when, they say, it was deserted by the inhabitants un account of an epidemic disorder, which destroyed several thousands. Ma

The Seraglio,

jor Rennel, to whose opinion in matters of this kind I should pay the utmost deference, does not positively assert the fact, but merely gives it as a tradition handed down by the natives from which, and the geographical correspondence, he supposes it to be the Gangia Regia of Ptolemy. However this may be, it is not probable that a city of such immense magnitude, as to contain a population of two millions of souls, would be entirely deserted by its inhabitants at one time: the emigrations must have taken place by degrees, and at periods far more remote than the Hindus affirm, for the Mahometan authors make no mention of its existence, since the introduction of Islamism into the country, which took place about the eighth century after Christ; and it is not likely they would have been silent respecting a place of such reputed celebrity, if there had been any vestige of its grandeur remaining in their days. The scite is now covered with jungle,and infested by wolves and tygers, which make it dangerous to explore the ruins, without being numerously attended and well armed; and after all, the labour is not worth the risk, for there is nothing to be seen that bears the least resemblance of a building: some heaps of rubbish, and a few bricks scattered here and there on the surface of the ground, are all that remain to denote that the spot was once inhabited. On my return to the Budgerow, in the evening, from an excursion to Oodanullah, and the environs of Raaje Mahul, I enquired for Signior Cabral, and was told he had gone out soon after me, and taken my double barrel gun. I felt rather offended at his taking such a liberty, but thought nothing more of the matter, and sat down to din ner; soon afterwards Mungloo uttered an exclamation of surprize, and said to me, "Sir, have you got your watch? alarmed at the question, I turned round to the wainscot, which divided the dining-room from the bed-chamber, and on which the watch usually hung; but not observing it there, my suspicion was awakened and fully confirmed on further enquiry, by missing a pair of silver mounted pistols, a silver surpoos,* and a pair of new boots. I immediately summoned all my people, and questioned them about the Portu guese, but all in vain; some were in the Buzar at the time he decamped, others cooking their rice, and all employed some

That part of the Hucca which encloses the fire and the tobacco.

how

how or other, except one stupid Dandy, whose turn it was to be centry; he, it seems, observed the fellow take the gun, and a bundle out of the boat, but supposed he had my permission for doing 20. I sent to the Cutwail,* to dispatch his myrmidons in all directions, in pursuit of the thief, and wrote myself to Baugilpore, Moor shedabad, Burhampore, and Calcutta, but all to no effect. I have never since been able to hear of Signior Lorenzo de Cabral, although I advertised him in the Calcutta paper above a month.

(To be continued.)

To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine.

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SIR,

N effectual cure for the gravel being a very desirable object, I beg leave to call the attention of your readers to a simple and easy remedy, which, though known to many persons, is not so extensively known as it ought to be. That remedy is an Infusion of Wild Carrot Seed; and its efficacy I have fully and happily experienced in my own person.

In July and August, 1806, I had several very severe fits of the gravel, each brought on by some little extra exertion in walking; half an hour's walk being sufficient to bring on a fit, which, by its painful and debilitating effects, usually confined me for a whole week. After five or six of those excruciating fits, I fortunately chanced to read, in "Dodsley's Annual Register," for 1766, page 163, a letter, signed, Thomas Butler, containing a very striking and impressive account of an extraordinary cure, elected by the wild carrot sced. I immediately made trial of it, and with the most complete success; for, hardly had I used it above five or six days, when I was almost eutirely relieved from the troublesome and disagreeable symptoms usually atLendant on gravelly complaints, which, within a short time after, quitted me al together.

It was in August, 1806, that I began to ase the wild carrot seed; and, from that time to the present hour, I have (thank God) never once been troubled with the gravel, though I have, several times since, made much greater exertions in walking, than those which before used to bring on the gravel-tits.

Previons to my use of this remc-ly, the bits of gravel which came from m2, were all rough and angular, as if torcibly

• The pancipal police offer.

broken off by bodily exertion: but, since I have been in the habit of taking the infusion, they have always been round and smooth, as if the external parts had been dissolved and washed away. On this difference of appearance, I leave the reader to form his own opinion; my ine tention here being only to relate facts, without undertaking to philosophise on them. If, however, from the example of sea-pebbles, he should suppose, (as a friend of mine has supposed) that the pieces of gravel have been rounded and smoothed by friction, I would observe to him, that I do not use either much or violent exercise; and that they do not always pass off in numbers together, but, more usually, a single piece at a time, and after long intervals of a fortnight, three weeks, or more. How far these circumstances may accord with the idea of friction, I leave him to judge for himself.

The infusion of wild carrot seed, may either be drank cold at any convenient times of the day, or taken warm, with sugar and milk, for breakfast and evening. beverage. I practise the latter mode, as being attended with less trouble, and less danger of omission through hurry or forgetfulness. I use, each time, about half an ounce of the seeds, from which I make about a pint of tea, by pouring boilingwater on them in a tea-pot: but I am not particularly exact in either weight or measure: and perhaps I use the tea both stronger and in greater quantity than necessity requires; for Mr. Butler (whose letter I earnestly recommend to the reader's attention) took only half a pint in the morning, and the like quantity in the evening; using, cach time, six or seven heads, or clusters of seed.

My mode of taking the infusion has, indeed, one inconvenience: the wild carrot sced requiring longer time to infuse than common tea, a delay of breakfast inay be experienced, particularly in summer, by gentlemen in chambers or lodgings, and by others under peculiar circumstances. That inconvenience, however, inay be easily obviated by one of Loyd's very ingemous and useful patent kettles, which, by means of the flaine acting both within the body of the kettle, and all round its sides, will, with less than a penny bundle of wood, boil the water in four or five minutes; and, while the water is boiling, the tea, previously made, may be warmed in a jug, placed in the mouth of the kettle. Thus, the evening ten, being made before-hand in the morning, and the next morning's

morning's tea in the evening, all delay is avoided; and the infusion moreover is stronger.

To any of your readers, who may be disposed to try this simple remedy, I would observe, that he inust regularly and constantly use it, or expect to be punished for his neglect, by a return of the complaint. In corroboration of Mr. Butler's testimony to that effect, I have myself experienced the evil consequences of remissness in the application: for, having lately, during four or five weeks, substituted the common tea every evening, and sometimes also in the morning, I began, toward the end of that period, to feel the same disagreeable symptoms which had formerly been the usual forerunners of my gravel-fits. Thus warned, I seasonably took the hint, resumed the regular use of my remedy, morning and evening, and was soon relieved from those troublesome and unpleasant senYour's. &c.

sations,

J. CAREY. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine.

SIR,

Na late excursion through Cornwall, never revuse lica, a

which the people in that part of the country call, a sea-pic. It was less than a mag-pie, with plumage of the most beautiful kind; consisting of scarlet, white, green, and blue.

Now, Mr. Editor, I should be glad to leam from the gentleman who favoured you with the catalogue, p. 433, 527, vol. xxvi. if he has noticed this bird under any other name. Also, whether the red-legged, or Cornish daw, p. 434, is the bird usually called the Cornish chough. Your's, &c. D.

To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine.

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As the season is now set in, to which the following correspondence is in terestingly appropriate, I request its insertion in your valuable miscellany, with the hope of gaining the information am anxious to procure, and which, by its publicity, may be acceptable to many who may wish to aid the cause of humanity.

To the Humane Society.-James Luckcock, No. 6, New Hall-street, Birming lam, begs leave to submit the following case to the consideration of the governors of the Humane Society, the truth of which, as being an eye-witness, he is ready to attest in whatever manner may be most satisfactory to the society. On the

afternoon of the 14th of February last, two men and a boy were let into Hockley-pool, near Birmingham, by the breaking of the ice, where the depth is about seven feet, and near to the middle of the pool. A young man of the name of Thomas Patrick, immediately flew to their assistance; there was no reason to suppose that any implements to assist him could possibly be procured in time to afford effectual relief, and his presence of mind suggested the only practicable expedient, that of endeavouring to recover the sufferers by means of his coat. The edge of the ice was sunk below the sur→ face of the water, so that he had to venture on his hands and knees to feel for the edge, which having attained, he threw his coat as far as he could, keeping hold of it with one hand. By this means, at the imminent risque of his own life, one of the men and a boy were rescued; but the other man perished, being too far spent to grasp the coat when within his reach. During these efforts, two or three other persons came to his assistance; be intreated them to withdraw, perceiving the impossibility of the ice sustaining any

persisting, was plunged over head in the water. Patrick and another were half covered, and with much difliculty the three escaped.

The writer has to plead the impossibility of stating the exact comparative merits of the actors, in this scene of confusion and distress; he was himself on an elevated bank of the pool, at the dis. tance of upwards of lifty yards, and many persons were moving about between hila and the spot. He has, however, since conferred with three of the active persons, and finds, that, though they are not exactly agreed in their statement, yet they are unanimous in giving the

praise to Patrick, as being the first and

The

most successful amongst them.
names of two of the others are, William
Newell and
Humphrys. In
addition to Patrick's merit, it remains to
be stated, that he afterwards exerted
himself with extraordmary activity, to
recover the man who was sunk under the
ice, by means of a boat belonging to the
pool. Many obstacles presented them-
selves; and though they had to break the
ice, a distance of perhaps nearly eighty
yards, the body was in the boat in the
space of about twenty-five minutes, from
the time of its first immersion.

The man who was recovered is, Ben

jamin Lawley, cabinet-maker, of Park

street,

street, Birmingham; and the boy, Thomas Moore, about nine years of age, son to Matthew Moore, a workman at Matthew Boulton's, esq. Soho.

The intention of this application, is to solicit some honorary mark of the society's esteem, in favour of Patrick; leaving the others to such consideration as the society may think proper to give it. A public subscription has been set on foot at Birmingham, for pecuniary reward, but the amount has not reached twenty pounds; this is intended to be distributed, as near as can be ascertain ed, according to merit. It was also proposed to purchase some apparatus, to be in readiness for future exigencies; how far the society, consistent with its plans, could assist in this respect, is respectfully submitted to them. The writer, however, requests to know by what means the drag invented by Dr. Cogan, of Bath, may be obtained, supposing it to have the entire approbation of the society.

It may be necessary to remark, that Hockley pool is the only large body of water near the town, that is accessible to the public, or at least, being the nearest, is most frequented both for summer and winter amusement.

Birmingham, April 6, 1808.

This case was presented, through the medium of a very respectable professional gentleman, and was returned with the following endorsement, but without any other communication or remark.

London, April 12, 1808.

"This case not coming within the limits of this society, cannot be considered by the committee of managers here."

J. JENNINGS, Chairman.

Now, Sir, as I have obtained my friend's permission to make this public enquiry, I shall feel much gratified if any of your correspondents will inform me, what are the limits by which the Hu. mane Society are bound, but which in this instance they have declined explain. ing. I am well acquainted with a case of considerable merit, and where so far from envying the reward bestowed, I thought it much to the honour of the society, and well calculated to excite to similar endeavours, when occasion should require them; but it certainly involved much less risque and exertion, than the instance before us. Yet from an application, with which the benevolent operator was at the time unacquainted, he was presented with the society's medal, and a highly complimentary letter, signed by the Chairman (who was I believe at

the time Lord Mayor) on the unanimous resolution of the Society.

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I cannot refrain also remarking that I think the common civilities of life should have suggested some reply to the request concerning Dr. Cogan's Drag, as the application was made to a society expressly established for purposes of humanity. I could have no other view than public utility. As that Gentleman has received a handsome token of approbation from one of the London Societies, it is fair to presume that his invention is an instrument which ought to be generally known. description of it, with some general remarks on its advantages, and the informa tion where it may be purchased, will also be gladly accepted. I should not have chosen this mode of enquiry, but must confess I could not bring my mind to trouble the Society with an application which might be thought officious, or which might meet with the same cold attention which my friend had before experienced. I am, Sir, Your's, &c. Oxford, Dec. 21 1808.

SALAM,

For the Monthly Magazine. ACCOUNT of RECENT TRAVELS in SPAIN, in which particular ATTENTION Was paid to the ANTIQUITIES of that COUNTRY.-Continued from p. 537, vol. 26,

ISHING to have an opportunity of

WISHING an

by which the festival of Christmas was to be celebrated at Toledo, I left Madrid on the morning of the 23d of December; and crossing the Manzanares by the Toledo bridge entered on the grand road leading to Aranjuez. This royal residence is situated about seven Spanish leagues or 26 English miles from the capital, and the road thither was one of the earliest opened for the convenience of the court; it is broad and well made, running in general in a succession of straight lines, and bordered with rows of elms. The country is open consisting of gentle swellings, and apparently but thinly inhabited, the productions being corn with a little wine. About mid-way from Madrid is Val de Moros, a village where travellers usually bait their mules or change their post. horses. A league short of Aranjuez the road descends to the vale of the Xarama, there increased by the Manzanares and other streams from the northward, flowing under a capital stone bridge, and uni-" ting at Aranjuez with the Tagus.

This Country-seat of the Spanish nionarchs occupies the south bank of the

Tagus,

Tagus, covering with its gardens, parks, farms, and vineyards, the flat plain be tween the river and the rising grounds on the South. The palace is the work of different periods from that of Philip the Second to modern times, and is richly furnished within, as well as surrounded with delicious shady woods watered by the Tagus, there a bright and rapid stream, conveying fertility and freshness to the neighbouring grounds. The adjoining town has been laid out in regular open streets and squares, subsisting entirely by the presence of the court; the population at such times amounting to ten thousand people,

On the 24th I proceeded south-westerly down the left bank of the Tagus to Toledo, distant about six leagues, or twentythree miles. The vale is wide and open, bounded on both hands by high grounds, those on the left gradually increasing to a range of high hills. The country in the vale is generally in culture, producing abundantly various kinds of grain and fruits: its fertility being mantained by the innundations of the river in winter, and by artificial waterings in suminer. The popalation is however disadvantageously drawn together in large villages, instead of being distributed in hamlets over the country. As we draw near to Toledo, the southern hills and the Tagus gradually approach each other, until a mile from the town the road is hemmed in between them, At last the city is discovered proudly situated on the summit of a large round rocky hill, presenting by its numerous churches and towers an object particularly striking in the exterior, but to which the interior bears a very distant resemblance.

The site of Toledo is singular, and in the ancient state of warfare was almost impreguable. It has been observed that the Tagus by slow degrees approaches the hills forming its southern boundary: but instead of being repelled into an opposite direction by these hills, it makes its way into their solid mass of granite, and describing a semicircular sweep cuts off a large block of rock, separated from the great mass by a deep, rugged, narrow, and impassable chasm, through which the river forces its course. On the summit of this detached rock stands the present town, now nearly circumscribed within its most ancient limits. This vast rock is connected on the northern side to a low isthmus, stretching all the way across the vale of the Tagus to the opposite hills. The summit is very uneven, of an elliptic form, and where highest is about 400 feet above MONTHLY MAO, No, 182.

the bed of the river. The streets, from the nature of the site, and the genius of builders in former times, are narrow,crooked and irregularly built; but many houses constructed in the good days of Spain, in the times of Charles the Fifth, Philip the Second, &c are large and handsome stone structures, enclosing courts surrounded with arcades in the manner of the Exchange of London; and both external and internal fronts ornamented with Grecian architecture. Many other edifices however give evident marks of their having either been erected whilst the Moors were masters of the town, or by architects whose ideas had been formed on the mo dels left by that extraordinary people.

The most elevated position within the town is occupied by the castle or Al-cazar, the Arabic term generally used over Spain for such places of strength. This castle, of great antiquity in its origin, was much augmented by Alonzo, or, as we call him,Alphonzo the Tenth, in the end of the thirteenth century: but the building now in existence was in the greater part constructed underCharles the Fifth. It con sists chiefly of one noble quadrangle of great height supported within by two or ders of arcades, the corinthian and the composite. This magnificent edifice suffered much from a fire about a hundred years ago, during what is called the war of the Succession, and it lay neglected until the late king Charles the Third granted it for the purpose of being converted into a house of industry, for the education and maintenance of the idle youths of both sexes, from the environs. It was accord→ ingly duly fitted up within, the exterior appearance being still preserved; and the expence is chiefly defrayed from funds appropriated by the late Cardinal-Archbishop, in particular from the income of a spacious inn in the town, erected out of his revenue.

The Cathedral is a vast structure of the Gothic of the thirteenth century, with & lofty tower in the centre; the whole remarkable for the boldness as well as the delicacy of the workmanship. The inside has at various periods been fitted up with great magnificence; but not always in a style corresponding either to that of the edifice itself,or to the Grecian and Roman orders intended to have been imitated. It contains many capital paintings, and the treasures of the sacristy are immense: the library is copious, possessing many precious manuscripts. At the west enri of the church stands the archiepiscopal palace a large and commodious structure;

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adjoining

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