Articles of Peace and Commerce between the High and Potent Charles I. by the Grace of God, King of Great Britain, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and John IV. King of Portugal, c. and their Subjects; concluded at London, the 29th of January 1642.

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HEREAS the High and Mighty Prince John the Fourth, King of Portugal, &c. hath fometime ago fent his Ambaffadors to the King's most Excellent Majefty, who declar'd, it was his Defire to renew the antient Alliance and Amity that were between the Kings their Predeceffors, their Crowns and Subjects; His Majefty being mov'd by the Concern he has for the Prefervation of the Peace and Tranquillity of his Kingdoms, and the Liberty of Trade and Commerce of his well beloved Subjects, by the Advice of his Privy Council has confented thereto, and nakes known to all his well beloved People, That the faid Peace and Alliance has been concluded and establish'd between the faid Kings, their Kingdoms, Territories and Subjects and the King's moft Excellent Majefty has commanded the Articles of the prefent Treaty to be publifh'd, to serve for a Direction to his Merchants in their Commerce; and has exprefly enjoin'd and commanded all his Subjects, of what Quality or Condition foever, to obferve them. Given in our Court at York, the 22d Day of May, in the Year of Grace 1642. and of our Reign the Eighteenth. God fave the King.

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The Articles of Treaty.

I. IT has been concluded and agreed, That there be and fhall be for ever a good, true and firm Peace and Amity between the most Renown'd Kings, Charles King of Great Britain, and John IV. King of Portugal, their Heirs and Succeffors, and their Kingdoms, Countries, States, Lands, People, Ships and Subjects whatfoever present and to come, of what Quality or Condition foever they be, as well by Sea as by Land and fresh Waters; fo that the faid Ships and Subjects fhall treat one another favourably, and render one another all manner of good Offices of true Amity and Affection and that the faid moft renown'd Kings, their Heirs and Succeffors, fhall not do or undertake any thing, either by themselves or by other Perfons, against one another, nor against their Kingdoms, by Sea or Land, nor confent or adhere to any War, Counsel or Treaty, that may be to the prejudice of the one or the other.

II. That there is and fhall be between the forefaid moft renown'd Kings and their Ships, Inhabitants and Subjects on both fides, a free Commerce as well by Sea as by Land and fresh Waters, in all and every one of their Kingdoms, Lordships, Dominions, Islands, and other Lands, Cities, Towns, Villages, Harbours and Territories of the faid Kingdoms and States; in which there has been Commerce from the time of the Kings of Caftile, or has been always to this prefent; fo that the Subjects and Vaffals of both Kings, may go, enter and fail, without any Paffport, or other general or particular Permiflion, as well by Sea as by Land and fresh Waters, in the Kingdoms and Dominions aforefaid, and in the Cities, Towns, Harbours, Rivers, Roads and Territories thereof; and there carry Merchandizes, and Loads or Carriages upon Waggons, Horfes, or in Ships laden or ready to be laden; there to fell and buy as much Provifion as they pleafe, and furnish themselves with every thing neceffary for their Subfiftence, Voyages or Journys; and there mend or repair their Ships or Waggons, whether they belong to them in property, or they be hir'd or borrow'd: and that they may depart with Vol. II.

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the fame Freedom from thence, with their Goods, Merchandizes, and other things whatfoever, after having paid only the ufual Duties and Cuftoms on the foot that they are establifh'd by the Ordinance of each Place, to go from thence to their own Countries, or to any other Places whatsoever, that they fhall pleafe, and when they think fit, without any Trouble or Impediment given them.

III. That the Subjects of both the above-mention'd renown'd Kings fhall not be ill treated in the Territories of either, more than the Natives of the Place, in their Sales and Contracts for Merchandizes, either as to the Price or otherwife; but that the Condition of Strangers and of Natives fhall be equal and alike, as is faid, agreeably to what has been practis'd in the Execution of the Treaties made between the most renown'd Kings of Great Britain and Caftile.

IV. That the Subjects of the moft renown'd King of Great Britain fhall enjoy a full and entire Freedom of Trade and Commerce in all forts of Merchandizes in the Kingdoms, Provinces, Territories and' Ifles of the moft renown'd King of Portugal in Europe, and may carry on their Trade and Commerce in the faid Places, as freely and in the fame manner as is allow'd to the Subjects of the other Princes and States in Alliance with the King of Portugal; and that they shall not be bound to pay greater Duties, Cuftoms, Impofts, or other Taxes than the Inhabitants and Subjects of the faid Countries, or the other Subjects of any other Nation whatsoever in Alliance with Portugal: and they fhall enjoy the fame Privileges as were formerly granted to the English before the Union of Portugal and Caftile.

V. That as often as the Subjects of the King of Great Britain fhall arrive with their Ships in the Harbours of the most renown'd King of Portugal, in his Kingdoms and Dominions, they fhall not be oblig'd to load or embark in their Ships any other Sort or Quantity of Commodities or Merchandizes, than what the faid Subjects of the King of Great Britain fhall pleafe, and think good; and that the Subjects of the King of Portugal fhall enjoy the fame Liberty in the Harbours and Dominions of the King of Great Britain.

VI. In cafe any of the Subjects of the moft renown'd King of Portugal, or any other whatsoever, within the Extent of his Kingdoms and States, or their Goods and Merchandizes, be feiz'd, taken or arrefted by the Officers of the Court of Inquifition, or by the Judges or Ministers thereof, who are or may be afterwards indebted to the Subjects of the most renown'd King of Great Britain, the faid Debts fhall be entirely paid with the Mony arifing from the faid Goods and Merchandizes the following Year, which fhall begin from the Day of the faid Seizure and Arreft, without any Trouble or Hindrance from the faid Court, or from the Judges and Ministers thereof in any manner whatsoever; and if any part of the Goods and Merchandizes of the faid Subjects of the King of Great Britain remain yet untouch'd, among the faid Goods and Merchandizes thus feiz'd and arrested, they fhall be reftor'd to them without delay.

VII. That the Captains, Mafters, Officers and Mariners of the Ships of the most renown'd King of Great Britain fhall not begin any Purfuits, nor procure any Trouble against the faid Ships, nor against any of the Subjects of the faid King, within the Extent of the Kingdoms and Dominions of the King of Portugal, for their Wages or Salaries, on pretext that they will make profeffion of the Romish Religion, or that they will lift themselves in the Service of the most renown'd King of Portugal.

VIII. That the Confuls nominated and establish'd by the most renown'd King of Great Britain, for the Aid and Protection of his Subjects, living within the Extent of the Kingdoms and States of the moft renown'd King of Portugal, fhall fully and freely exercife the Function and Bufinefs of Confuls in the Extent of the faid Kingdoms and States, altho they do not make profeffion of the Romish Religion.

IX. In cafe any of the Subjects of the most renown'd King of Great Britain happen to die within the Extent of the Kingdoms and States of the most renown'd King of Portugal, their Books, Accounts, Merchandizes and Goods, or those of any other Subjects whatfoever of the King of Great Britain, fhall not from henceforth be taken or feiz'd by the Judges of Orphans or People ab

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fent, nor by their Minifters or Officers, nor fhall they be under their Jurifdiction; but the faid Goods, Merchandizes and Accounts fhall be deliver'd by thofe in whose Poffeffion they fhall be, into the Hands of the Englifh Agents or Factors living in the Town or Place where they fhall have deceas'd, and who fhall have been nam'd and appointed by the Defunct and if the Perfon deceas'd has nam'd none in his life time, they fhall be put into the Hands of one or two English Merchants (provided they be not marry'd) by the Authority of the Confervator; and they fhall oblige themfelves to give up and restore the faid Goods and Merchandizes to the true Owners, or to their lawful Creditors; and the Goods which fhall be found to belong to the Defunct, fhall be put into the Hands of his Heirs, Executors and Creditors.

X. That the moft renown'd King of Portugal or his Minifters, within the Extent of his Kingdoms and States, may not retain the Ships of the Subjects of the most renown'd King of Great Britain, nor his Subjects, without his Knowledg and Confent, for warlike Services or any other Service whatsoever; but the faid Ships and Subjects may freely depart, when they please, from the Ports and Harbours of the faid King, without any Hindrance from the King of Portugal or his Minifters: and the Goods and Merchandizes of the Subjects of the King of Great Britain may not be taken for the Service of the King of Portugal, but only at the current and reafonable Price, to be paid within two Months, unless both Parties agree upon fome other time.

XI. That the Subjects of the most renown'd King of Great Britain may carry their Ships, all forts of Goods, Commodities and Merchandizes whatfoever, and even Arms, Victuals, or any other Provifions of that nature, out of the Ports and States of the faid King, or out of any other Ports or States whatsoever, provided they do not carry them ftrait out of the Ports of Portugal, or the Dominions thereupon depending, to be transported into the Ports and Territories of the most renown'd King of Caftile; and that neither the renown'd King of Portugal nor his Subjects may, by way of Seizure, Reprifal, or any other Method whatfoever, hinder the faid Ships, Goods or Perfons of the Subjects of the King

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