14 15 . 117 117 . . INTRODUCTION, PAGE | 1729. Colony reverts to the Crown 100 EARLY HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN COLONIES. Separation of North and South Carolina, 100 PAGE. 1732. Settlement of Georgia. . 101 986-1015. Discoveries by the Ancient Northmen 1738. Spanish War breaks out .. 102 Biarne Hierulfson's Voyage in 986 . . . ! | 1752. Georgia becomes a royal Colony. 103 Discoveries of Leif Ericson in 1000 L Early Life of George Washington 105 Thorwald's Expedition, and Battle with the 1753. His Mission to the Western Territory. 106 Skrellings (Esquimaux) 1754. Plans for a Union of the Colonies . . 106 Settlement in Vineland, by Thorfinn 1755. Expedition and Defeat of Gen. Braddock . 109 sefne. . 1756. Success of the French under Montcalm. 111 Voyage of Freydisa, H selge, and Finnebaye. 14 | 1757. Vigorous Measures of William Pitt. , 112 Ancient Relics discove 1758. Cession of Canada by France. 112 1763. Progress of the Colonies in Population, New World . 19 113 Mutiny on board his Vessel, and first Discov. ery of Land . . . . . . 1493. Columbus' second Voyage . . . . HISTORY OF THE REVOLUTION. 1498. Columbus' third Voyage . . . 1506. Death of Columbus, May 15th. . CHAPTER I. 1497-1525. Voyages of Sebastian Cabot . Introductory Remarks . . . . 1499-1514. Voyages of Americus Vespuccius. 28 . 115 | 1765. Stamp Act passed. . . 1525-1542. Career of Hernando de Soto in Amer 1766. Meeting of the first Congress ica. . . . Tumults in the Colonies . . 1525. Discoveries of Giovanni Verazzano . . .113 Repeal of the Stamp Act . . 120 1562. Voyage of John Ribault w. 38 1767. New Taxes imposed . . . . . 121 1584. Sir Walter Raleigh sends two Ships to Fresh Troubles in consequence. . . 122 America . . 1768. Non Importation Agreement 123 Their Adventures with the Natives . . 1769. Intemperance of the British Parliament. 123 1585. Raleigh sends another Fleet to America 1770. (22d of April) Duties repealed: (5th March) Ralph Lane appointed Governor of Virginia, 45 Boston Massacre . . . . 124 1586, Colony breaks up and returns to England Captain Preston tried and acquitted . .. 124 1615. Sir Walter Raleigh beheaded . 772. (9th of June). The Gaspar Schooner burned 128 1606. Colony sent to America by James I. . (January). Assembly at Boston; Indiscretion 1607. Settlement of Jamestown. . . . of the Governor . . . . . . 128 Difficulties with the Natives, Life of John Smith saved by Pocahontas. CHAPTER II. Arrival of Newport with a fresh Colony , 61 1633. Colony of Maryland settled by Lord Balti 1772. (16th of December). Destruction of Tea in more. . Boston Harbor . . . . . . . 129 1620. First successful Effort to colonize New 1774. The Boston Port Bill. • • . 130 England. Arrival of Troops at Boston . .133 Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth . (25th of August) Writs issued for an Assem1625. Colony established near Cape Anne . . bly at Salem ; (9th of September) coun1630. Fifteen Hundred Settlers sail from Eng. termanded, but meets and resolves itself land . . . . into a Provincial Congress , . 133 Hostilities commence with the Natives . General Gage fortifies Boston Neck . . 133 Defeat and Death of King Philip Suffolk Resolutions . . . . . 134 1609. Voyages of Henry Hudson Proceedings of Congress . • 135 1629. Settlement of Delaware. They publish a Declaration of Rights. . 135 1646. Peter Stuyvesant appointed Governor of Petition from Congress to the King . . 136 New Netherlands . . (26th of October). Dissolution of Congress 136 1664. Dutch Possessions surrendered to the Eng. Meeting of the Provincial Congress at Conlish . cord; they adjourn to Cambridge . . 137 Engage Minute Men , . . . . . . 137 America. A Committee of Safety and Supplies . . 137 1683. Penn forms a Treaty with the Indians. Hostile Resolution of the Provincial Congress 138 1684-1718. His Difficulties with the Settlers Exportation of the Military Stores from Brit1663. Liberal Grants by Charles II. of Territory ain prohibited; Cannon removed by the south of Virginia People of Rhode Island 138 Military Stores taken in New Hampshire , * 138 -693, Constitution annulled 96 1775. General Agitation. . . 138 .702. Attack on St. Augustine . Debates on American Affairs in Parliament 139 War with the Indians . . . . . 98 Provincial Congress . , 139 Internal Commotions.. 99 | Colonel Leslie marches to Salem ... 139 1680. William Penn obtains a Grant of Lands in 175 . 175 · 150 150 153 153 ar . A.D. PAGE. 1775. (19th April). Battle of Lexington and Concord 140 1775. Committee appointed to correspond with Importance of the War their Friends in Britain and Ireland. . 175 Inequality of the Parties engaged . . . 142 Ships-of-War . . Colonial Army . 143 The Colonies make active Preparations for Bravery of General Putnam . War. . . . . . . . 1776. Armies of Boston New York, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Mary . . . . . . 175 land, and Virginia, espouse the cause of Dorchester Heights . . . . . . their Countrymen . . . . . (17th March). Boston evacuated Lord Dunmore convenes the Assembly. General Washington enters Boston ; EnthuGoes on board the Fowey Man-of-War . 147 siasm of the People :.. Provincial Convention i General Howe sails for Halifax, . Lord Dunmore's predatory Warfare . . 148 Several British Ships and Transports, with Issues a Proclamation . . . . 148 Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell, taken by Captain Fordyce killed . . 148 . 179 1776. (ist January). Norfolk burned . . 149 General Washington marches to New York 180 John Connelly's Plot frustrated . . . 149 Affair of the Cunninghams . . . . 180 1775. Proceedings in South Carolina . . . 149 Major Williamson marches against them. 180 Arrival of Lord William Campbell 150 Province forms a temporary Government 180 Georgia joins the Union, . Situation of Charleston . . . . 180 183 183 Fort Sullivan attacked. 183 1774. New Parliament . 150 The British repulsed with great Loss , 1775. Joint Address of both Houses . . . Indians attack the Western Frontiers of the Ticonderoga surprised. . Southern States . . . . . . Congress meets . Moses Kirkland's Plot . 153 Congress (15th of June). George Wa hington chosen (4th of July). The Declaration of IndependCommander-in-Chief . ence . . His Address to the President of Congress Effect upon the general Aspect of the conIrregularity of the American Army . . 153 test . . . . . Generals Howe, Burgoyne, and Clinto rive at Boston . . . . . CHAPTER V. 153 (17th June). Battle of Bunker's Hill . . 154 1776. Preparations of General Washington at Death of General Warren, New York, Treatment of Prisoners ; Discussions respect General Howe lands at Staten Island with a ing them . . . . . . . 159 formidable Force. Skirmishes . . . Correspondence with Commissioners . 190 Scarcity of Provisions in Boston . (28th of August). Battle of Long Island 194 Danger of short Enlistments . . . 159 Defeat and Retreat of the Americans . 197 The Royal Cruisers carry on a predatory War Committee of Congress meet Lord Howe 199 fare against Inhabitants on the Coast of (13th of September). The British take PosNew England . . . . . 161 session of New York . " 199 Privateers . . (21st of September). Destructive Fire in New Military Transport gallantly captured by York . (15th of November). Forts Washington and Fort St. John taken, Lee taken . . . . . . . : General Carleton defeated on his way from Advance of Lord Cornwallis, and Retreat of Montreal . . . . . . . . Gen. Washington to Brunswick . . . 164 (8th of December). General Washington General Montgomery marches against Que passes the Delaware . . . . . 203 bec ; joined by Arnold . . 165 (13th of December). Gen. Lee made Prisoner 204 Attacks Quebec'; is killed, and his Troops re Depression of the Americans. . . . 204 pulsed . . . . . . . Rhode Island taken . . . . 204 Arnold wounded . . 167 204 Honorable Conduct of Sir Guy Carleton . 167 (30th of November). Proclama Arnold resumes the Siege of Quebec; is unsuccessful; defeats a Body of Canadians ] (12th of December). Congress quits PhilaMajor-General Thomas arrives ; retreats ; delphia . . . dies , Short Enlistments 205 Succeeded in Command by General Sullivan 170 205 Surrender of the Cedars Arnold marches toward the Cedars; signs *** Europe . . 207 the Cartel and retires An increased British Force in Canada 171 . . 207 General Sullivan retreats, and is pursued . 171 Failure of Mr. Edmund Burke's Conciliatory Retreat of General Arnold. Bill . . . 208 General Carleton advances to the Lakes ; . . . . constructs a Fleet .. CHAPTER VI. (October). Battle of Lake Champlain. . 172 General Carleton retires to Isle aux Noix 173 1776. (26th of December). Attack on Trenton 209 (6th July). Declaration of Congress, i 173 Success of the Americans (8th July). Their second Petition to the King 1777. (2d of January). Battle of Princeton. 213 transmitted to Richard Penn, who sails for Death of General Mercer . . . . 213 England. . . . . 173 Americans at Morristown .. 217 A Postoffice established ; 'Benjamin Franklin General Washington's desultory and indecielected Postmaster-General . . . 174 sive Warfare in the Jerseys . . . 217 Rival Proclamations . . . . . 217 219 Captivity of General Lee . 219 775. Congress adjourns ; (5th September) they Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union reassemble , . . . 174 between the States British Interest in New York' Committee of the States Convention of New Hampshire , . (15th of November). Confederation ratified 222 Canada invaded by the Americans . . . . 163 IN 205 170 Commissioners sent to different Courts of 171 221 224 224 227 . . 227 270 234 . . . 275 His Death (October ynygos . . 236 27 . CHAPTER VII. PAUS A.D. PAGE. 1777. (16th of October). Geneal Burgoyne capitu. 1777. Finances of Congress. 223 lates; Results of the Capitulation : 264 Supineness of the People 223 Consequences of the Convention of SaraWar popular in Britain. toga . . . . . . . .265 West Indies . . Treaty with France . . . . . 265 Partiality of the French for the Americans . 224 (20th of November). British Parliament meets 266 Loyalists in the Provinces. Commissioners appointed to treat with the Opening of the Campaign ; predatory Incur. Colonies; they sail for America . . 266 sions . 1778. (6th of February). Treaty with France (23d of March). Stores at Peekskill destroyed signed at Paris (13th of April). Earl Cornwallis attacks Gen News of that Treaty reaches England 267 eral Lincoln . . . . . . Lord North's Conciliatory Bill reaches Amer(27th of April). Major-General Tryon's Expe- ** ica before the News of the French Treaty dition against Danbury. . . . . 226 British Army in Philadelphia . . . . 268 Death of General Wooster. American Army at Valley Forge ; Want of (8th of May). Piscataway attacked . .227 Provisions . . . . . . . 269 Sag Harbor . . Colonel Mawhood's Incursion into Jersey 270 (10th of July). General Prescott taken . . 227 (4th of May). General Lacy escapes from Movement of both Armies, Crooked Billet . . (26th of June). General Howe advances rap (7th of May). American Galleys in the Delaidly from Amboy; embarks and sails for ware destroyed . 270 the southward . La Fayette escapes from Baron Hill. 271 (24th of August). General Howe lands at the *** (14th of April). Sir William Howe resigns the Head of Elk River . 231 . 272 (11th of September). Battle of I ne. 231 Sir Henry Clinton appointed Commander-in-*** Marquis de la Fayette wounded. , 232 Chief of the British Army Wilmington surprised . . . . . 232 (18th of June). Evacuation of Philadelphia . 273 British enter Philadelphia The Americans enter that city, . 273 (8th of October). British Fleet er (28th of June). Battle of Freehold Courthouse 274 Delaware . General Lee tried by a Court-Martial, and (ath of October). Battle of Germantown . . 234 suspended . . . . . . . Fort Mifflin . 235 His Character . Unsuccessful Attack on Redbank ; Death of 276 Count Donop . . 235 The British Army arrives at New York 276 (15th of November). Attack on ] Gen. Washington marches to the North River 276 Redbank evacuated . . . . . 236 (5th of July). Count d'Estaing arrives on the The Delaware opened . . 236 Coast of America. General Washington quits White Church and (22d of July). Sails for Rhode Island ; Lord takes Post at Valley Forge . . . 236 Howe follows him Northern Campaign. . . Both Fleets put to Sea; separated by a vio- *** General Gates in the North . lent Storm General Burgoyne commands the British Ar Which overtakes Sullivan's Army . 280 my in Canada . . . . Americans march against the British Lines . 280 . Detaches Colonel St. Leger (19th of August). D'Estaing comes to Rhode Meets the Savages ; takes Possession of Island, but sails for Boston . . . 280 Mount Hope . . . . . (6th of July). Retreat of General St. Cla CHAPTER IX. Is pursued by General Fraser 1778. (28th of August). General Sullivan escapes 280 Skirmish between Colonel Long and Colonel (27th of September). Colonel Baylor surHill; the Americans set Fire to the Works at Fort Ann, and retreat to Fort Edward. 243 Captain Donop defeated . . . . 283 General Burgoyne takes Possession of Ti Little Egg Harbor attacked . . . . . 283 conderoga and Mount Independence. 243 Pulaski's Legion defeated. 284 CHAPTER VIII. (9th of June). Admiral Byron sails from Eng land; overtaken by a Storm ; his Fleet dis777. War of Proclamation persed : (September) arrives at New York ; (30th of July). General Burgoyne reaches Fort sails for Boston; a Second Time overtaEdward. . . . . . . . 248 ken by a Storm . . .284 Retreat of General Schuyler (3d of November). D'Estaing sails for the Events at Bennington .. West Indies . . . . . (3d of August). Fort Stanwix invested by st! *** Indian War . 285 Leger. . Wyoming destroyed and the People murdered 287 Defeat of General Herkimer, Fort Kingston invested; and the Inhabitants (22d of August). St. Leger raises the Siege of perish in one general Conflagration : 287 Stanwix, and retires to Montreal Destruction of Wilkesbarre . . . . 287 (19th of August). General Gates takes the Cherry Valley attacked . Command of the American Army. . 252 Mrs. Merrill's Defeat of the Indians . . 288 (30th of August). Correspondence between Col. George Rogers Clarke takes Kaskasias 290 General Gates and the British General. 1779. (February). Surprises St. Vincent, and comMurder of Miss M'Crea. pels Governor Hamilton to surrender 290 (19th of September), Battle of Stillwater and Irregular Hostilities in Georgia , 291 Saratoga , Colonel Campbell invades that State. . 291 Engagement between General Burgoyne and *** Battle of Savannah . . 293 the Americans Defeat of the American General Howe . 293 (5th of October). Sir Henry Clinton's Move: * Arrival of General Prevost ... ments. Surrender of Sunbury . . 294 Fort Montgomery taken ; Colonel Campbell General Lincoln appoi ommand slain . . . . . Southern Army i Fort Clinton stormed . . . 264 . . 295 American Vessels of War burned by their Boyd's Loyalists defeated . . 295 Crews . Colonel Campbell abandons Augusta, and returns to Savannah . . . 295 uated Ashe defeated at Brier Creek. 296 The Britisi, advance to Esopus, which they (23d of April), Lincoln marches v reduce vo Ashes . . . 2641 vannah . . . . dai : 241 Forts Independence and Constitution evac. 203 299 301 · 304 350 Sir Henry Clinton takes Possession of it . 307 eri 315 A.D. PAGE 1779. (29th of April). Gen. Prevost enters South 1780. General La Fayette lands at Boston ; his Carolina . . . . . 298 . Reception . 343 . .. Marches to Charleston 298 344 (10th of May). Arrives at Ashley Ferry . 299 (10th of July). French Fleet, with Troops, .... (12th of May). Summons Charleston to sur arrives in America 344 render . . . . :, 38 Sir Henry Clinton proceeds against Rhode The British Army retires, and recrosses Ash Island . . . • . . 344 ley Ferry . . . Recalled by the Advance of General WashGeneral Prevost retreats to John's Island, and ington against New York. . . . 344 is followed by General Lincoln . 299 iscontent of the American Troops . . 341 (20th of June). Engagement at Stony F 300 1779. Treason of Arnold . . . . . 345 Slaves revolt . Major Andre's Case . . . 347 (8th of May). Incursion into Virginia. 301 (228 of September). His Capture . . 348 Stony Point and Verplank's taken. 304 His Trial and Execution. 349 Sir Henry Clinton returns to New York 304 (21st of November). Major Talı Coast of Connecticut ravaged tory Warfare . . 350 (15th of July). Stony Point retaken. . 306 Cartel . . . 1780. Proceedings of Lord Cornwallis after the Battle of Camden . Penobscot attacked. . 307 He takes Possession of Charleston . 351 Colonel Clarke attacks the British at Augusta 352 . 308 Besieges Colonel Brown at Garden Hill 352 Colonel Clarke retreats, Hook ; he retreats . .308 Depredations committed by Col. Ferguson 352 Retreats toward Charleston, and is pursued Indians . . . by the Americans . . . 352 (7th of October). He is defeated and killed on i tribes . . . 354 He resigns his Commission . · 310 Earl Cornwallis retreats toward South Car. (23d of December). D'Estaing a olina ; (29th October) reaches Wynnesbo. cans besiege Savannah 310 . . . 355 They attempt to storm the Town Americans assemble at Charlotte 355 Are repulsed . . 312 General Gates retreats to Salisbury and Hills Effects of the Repulse ; ingenious Enterprise borough . 356 . . . of Colonel White during the Siege of Sa Returns to Charlotte . 356 vannah . . Superseded in the Command of the SouthWeakness of the southern States..... ern Army by General Greene . . (26th of December). Sir Henry Clinton sails General Greene takes a British Post at Clerfrom New York . . mont situation'.'.'.'. 357 1780. (11th of February). Lands on John's Island 317 His embarrassing Situation . (9th of April). Siege of Charleston . . 319 Correspondence with Earl Cornwallis : 357 (12th of May). It surrenders . . . . 322 (27th of December). Col. Washington surpriProceedings of Sir Henry Clinton . 322 ses a Body of Loyalists at Ninety Six .358 Colonel Buford surprised and defeated 323 (12th of November). Sumpter attacked at (3d of June). Sir Henry Clint Broad River by Major Wemyss, whom he tion . . . . . . . . 323 takes Prisoner . . . . , 358 (5th of June). He returns to New York, leav (20th of November). Attacked by Tarleton at Lord Cornwallis to command in the South 324 Black Stocks and wounded . . . . 358 Board of Police established in Charleston .325 General Marion . , 358 Rigorous Measures ; Baron de Kalb proceeds 1781. (14th of January). General Tarleton averSouthward. . . . . . 520 . 359 (17th of January). Battle of Cowpens ' . ' 360 South Carolina . 327 Tarleton routed General Gates appointed to command the *. Loss of the British 361 Southern Army. . . . . 328 Earl Cornwallis forms a Junction with colo(13th of August). Arrives at Rugely's Mills , 328 nel Leslie , . . .361 Lord Cornwallis repairs to Camden . . 329 (191h of January). Begins his remarkable Pui: Defeat of the Americans near Camden, and suit of Morgan . . . . . . 30 Death of Baron de Kalbi . 330 (28th). Morgan escapes . . . . . 361 Colonel Sumpter surprised and defeated near Americans pursued . . . . . 363 Catawba Ford . Their Two Divisions form a Junction . . 363 (14th of February). They cross the Dan . 364 CHAPTER X. Earl Cornwallis marches back to Hillsbo. rough . . . . . . 36-4 1779. Naval Operations of John Paul Jones. 331 Capture of the Serapis . the Dan . 363 Loss of the Bon Homme Richard . (25th of Feb.). Pyle's Loyalists defeated . . 365 Capture of the Countess of Scarborough. 338 (27th of Feb.). Retreat of Earl Cornwallis, Effects of these Naval Victories . . . 339 and Advance of General Greene . Rencontre between Lee and Tarleton .. 300 CHAPTER XI. Battle of Guilford Courthouse . . . 367 Consequences of the Victory . . . . 368 780. Difficulties of General Washington - 339 Intense Frost in New York. 339 CHAPTER XII. (14th of January). Attack on Staten Island ; . tne Americans repulsed . . . : 340 1781. (17th of April). Earl Cornwallis retires to Embarrassments of Congress 340 Wilmington . . Mutinous State of the American Army. : 341 General Greene pursues Earl Cornwallis . 370 General Knyphausen invades Jersey . 341 Proceeds to South Carolina . . 370 Destruction of Connecticut Farms . 341 Generals Lee and Marion attack Fort Watson 372 Murder of Mrs. Caldwell The Garrison capitulates . . . . 372 (18th of June). Sir Henry Clinton returns to Situation of Camden 3741 New York , . 342 Battle of Hobkerk's Hill . (23d). Skirmish at Springfield" .'.' (7th of May). Colonel Watson Evacuation of the Jerseys . 343 374 General Wayne attacks Bergen Point , 343 (10th of May). British Post taken 374 Colonel Sumpter makes an Irruption into *** IIIULUI TOUcu . . . . . 500 (22d of February). "The Americans recross set 1781. Lord Rawdon retires to Monk's Corner . 374 1781. Occupies Yorktown and Gloucester Point 394 (22d of May). Ninety Six besieged. . 376 Interview between Generals Washington and Greene retreats, and is pursued by Lord Raw The French and American Armies. . . 394 They advance to Kingsbridge, and retire. 396 Count de Grasse encounters Samuel Hood in Both Armies return to Congaree. Gen. Greene joined by Marion and Sumpter 378 Resolutions to attack Cornwallis . . 396 Marches to the high Hills of Santee . . 379 Gen. Heath Defends the Posts on the Hudson 397 Lord Rawdon embarks for Europe, leaving (30th of August). The combined American the Command with Lieutenant-Colonel Stu- and French Armies enter Philadelphia 397 Count de Grasse arrives at Chesapeake Bay 397 (22d of August). General Greene leaves the *** Admiral Graves pursues De Grasse in 398 (6th of September). Arnold attacks New Lon. (8th of September). Battle of Eutaw Springs 380 don . . . . (25th of September.) - Allied Armies land at (4th of August). Execution of Col. Haynes. 381 (28th of Sept.). They march toward Yorktown 399 General Pickens's. Expedition against the (6th of October). Siege of Yorktown. (19th of October). Earl Cornwallis lates ; Terms of Capitulation... Examination of his conduct . . . 407 1781. Review of the general Condition of Amer- ica at the beginning of the Year 1781. . 382 Mutiny of the Pennsylvania and Jersey 1781. Count de Grasse sails for the West Indies , 407 (27th of November). General Washington at Sir Henry Clinton endeavors to take advan- Marquis de la Fayette returns to Europe . 409 Relative Positions of the hostile Armies on General Ross makes an Incursion into the Country on the Mohawk . . . . 409 British and French Fleets meet off the Ches- ** An Engagement takes place at Johnstown between him and Colonel Willet The British retreat, pursued by Willet , 409 General Leslie invades Virginia . . Consequences of the Surrender of Yorktown Gen. Arnold lands at Westover; enters Rich- and Capture of Cornwallis and his Army . 409 mond, where he commits great Destruction 387 (27th of November). The British Parliament Gen. Philips takes the Command in Virginia. 1782. (24th of March). Case of Capt Haddy. . 410 Baron Steuben, unable to resist the Invaders, Sir Guy Carleton succeeds Sir Henry Clinton 411 (30th of April). Generals Philips and Arnold Proceedings in the Southern States . reunite their Forces, and march against (12th of April), Count de Grasse defe De la Fayette takes the Command in Virginia 389 1783. (19th of April). Peace restored. 389 American Independence acknowledge (20th of May). Cornwallis enters Virginia'. 389 Great Britain , (25th of November). Evacuation of New York *** Sends Tarleton against Charlottevi by the British . . . . . . 414 391 State of the American Army . . . 414 (7th of June). La Fayette join General Address to the Officers of the Army Wayne at Rackoon, and returns South- General Washington's Speech at the Meeting Save the Stores of Albemarle Courthouse 391 (4th of December). He takes Leave of the Cornwallis returns down the River Army previous to his Resignation : 422 and retires to Mount Vernon . . 422 Earl Cornwallis evacuates Portsmouth. 394 Character of Washington . . . . 422 |