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of eighty millions of dollars; and that their agents and The British are making great exertions to pro subtle tools are dispersed throughout Peru, Chili, mote and encourage emigrations to Canada-affordParaguay, &c. Large sums have also been expending all the facilities in their power.

ed in erecting splendid buildings at Buenos Ayres; De Witt Clinton, Esq. as governor, and John Tayand every precaution has been taken by these emis-ler, Esq. as lieutenant-governor of the state of Newsaries, not only to purchase the compliance of the York, took the oaths of office and entered upon their supreme director with their views, but to conci- respective duties, on the 1st inst.

liate the favor of the members of the executive

Mr. Storer, rep. has been elected a senator of the junta, by frequent entertainments, and other insi-United States from New-Hampshire, vice Mr. Mason, fed. resigned.

dious means.

BRITISH AMERICA.

From the Montreal Herald.—Although the Gazette published at Sacketts-Harbour, does not notice the fact, it is nevertheless true, that governor Gore, on his way to England, was saluted from the guns of the fort on his arrival at the harbor. Such marks of respect, always deserve notice in public prints, as they tend to conciliate passions and to secure a reciprocity of favorable sentiments.

Buffalo, July 1-All the British government vessels on lakes Erie and Ontario are ordered to be scuttled and sunk, and their crews to return to England. There will also, it is said, be but one regiment of troops stationed at all the posts above Kingston. These measures, it is presumed, result from the general system of retrenchment of govern. mental expences, which the ministry have been compelled by the ceaseless clamors of the people to adopt, and not from any new expedition on foot, or meditated danger from any other quarter than at home.

CHRONICLE.

John Quincy Adams is coming home in the ship Washington, for New-York.

The U. S. brig of war Saranac, capt. Elton, under sailing orders, on the 2nd inst. at 1 P. M. in coming light from the N. W. went ashore on the rocks beout from the navy-yard, New-York, the wind being tween the navy-yard and Jackson's stores, and on Her guns and stores were immediately got out, and the falling of the tide bilged and filled with water. the vessel stripped. She has been got off the rocks. with the assistance of lighters. Damages not very important.

DIVISION ORDER.
ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE,
H. Q. Division of the South,

Nashville, April 22, 1817. The commanding general considers it due to the principles of subordination, which ought and must exist in an army, to prohibit the disobedience of any order emanating from the department of war, to officers of this division, who have reported and been assigned to duty, unless coming through him as the proper organ of communication. The object of this order is to prevent the recurrence of a circumstance which removed animportant officer from the division without the knowledge of the commanding general, and indeed when he supposed that officer enThe Susquehannah. The transport of produce on gaged in his official duties, and anticipated hourthis noble river is vastly increased every year. ly the receipt of his official reports on a subject of From the 29th of March last, when the boat navi- great importance to his command; also to prevent gation commenced, to the 26th of June, ult. there the topographical reports from being made public passed into the canal that runs through the town through the medium of the newspapers, as was of York-Haven, 261 boats, whose cargoes, in part, done in the case alluded to, thereby enabling the consisted of 94,500 bush. wheat, some rye, corn, enemy to obtain the benefit of all our topographical buckwheat,oats, flaxseed, and cloverseed, 8320 bbls researches as soon as the general commanding, flour: 474 do. whiskey, with some pork, butter, who is responsible for the division. Superior offiiron, leather, &c. making an aggregate value of cers having commands assigned them are held re$340,000: which is supposed to be only about sponsible to the government for the character and one fifth of the value of the produce that was float-conduct of that command; and it might as well be ed down the bed of the river in the same time. justified in an officer senior in command to give orThe boats return laden with other sorts of mer-ders to a guard on duty, without passing that orchandize suited to the wants of the rich and ex-der through the officer of that guard, as that the tensive country that is watered by this stream department of war should countermand the arrangeThe Red River.-A letter from Natchitoches ments of commanding generals without giving describes the Red River as one of the most remark their order through the proper channel. To acquiable the writer had ever known. In ascending it,esce in such a course, would be a tame surrender of in December last, during a rain of 31 hours, the military rights and etiquette; and at once subvert river rose 31 feet. For 500 miles above Natchi- the established principles of subordination and good toches it is narrow and deep, above that distance order. Obedience to the lawful commands of suit is wider and more shallow. perior officers is constitutionally and morally reThe 4th of July was to be celebrated, at Argyle, quired: but there is a chain of communication that Washington county, NY. by the opening of a sub-binds the military compact, which if broken opens terraneous canal, of 400 feet, dug through a hill, and of the average of 30 feet below the surface.

A meeting was to be held at Warren, in the state of Ohio, on the same day, to take into consideration the propriety of petitioning the legislature of that state on the subject of opening and connecting the navigable waters of Lake Erie with those of the river Ohio. This raay easily be done.

The anniversary of American independence has been duly observed in all parts of the United States so far as we have heard, by military processions, civic feasts, &c. So let it be, until the sun "grows dim with age, and nature sinks in years."

the door to disobedience and disrespect, and gives loose to the turbulent spirits who are ever ready to excite mutiny. All physicians able to perform duty, who are absent on furlough, will forthwith repair to their respective posts. Commanding officers of regiments and corps are ordered to report specially all officers absent from duty on the 30th of June next, and their cause of absence. The army is too small to tolerate idlers, and they will be dis. missed the service.

(Signed)

By order of Maj. Gen. Jackson
ROBERT BUTLER,
Adjutant Genera

No. 21 OF VOL. XII.]

BALTIMORE, SATURDAY, JULY 19, 1817.

Hac olin meminisse juvabis.—VIRSIL.

[WHOLE NO. 307.

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NILES, AT THE HEAD OF CHEAPSINE, AT $5 PER ANNUM.

Political Economy-No. IV.

PROPÓSITION THE EIGHTH.

A gentleman of great taste and accuracy, a merchant of this city, has furnished us with a highly interesting statement of arrivals in the several ports of the United States, for the year 1816. We are satisfied that it is as correct as, from the nature of THAT SHIPPING AND COMMERCE IS NECESSARY BOTH TO things, it can easily be; affording a valuable item in the statistics of our country. See page 324.

Judge Livingston's opinion respecting the bankrupt law, was intended for this paper. It shall appear in our next. The law cases inserted in the WEEKLY REGISTER are useful, not to gentlemen of the bar only-but may improve and instruct the people at large in matters of great moment to

them.

AGRICULTURE AND MANUFACTURES, AND ESSENTIAL
TO THE SAFETY OF THE UNITED STATES.

The shipping and commerce here mentioned is to be understood as appertaining to our intercourse with foreigners. But the internal and coasting trade is immensely more valuable.

The tonnage of the United States, on the 31st of December, 1815, the latest return that has been published, amounted to 1,368,127 tons-the great est tonnage that belongs to any nation in the world, Great Britain excepted-and our seamen and half, seamen may amount to nearly or about 100,000 men, The value of the vessels may be estimated at 60 Amillions of dollars, and the annual earnings of the

It is delightful to see the words "national character," "national feeling," and the like, coming into common use;—and it is, indeed, a luxury to the editor of this paper to believe, that he, as much as any man, has contributed to bring it about.pride of country is a bulwark of safety. Let us seamen, including all the costs and profits belong cherish it-it is the cheapest, as well as the best, ing to the whole business, at $800 dollars for each, defence of the republic. Their employment creates a great home-market for provisions, timber, cordage, &c. &c.*

Internal Improvements.

4

or 80 millions a year.

North Carolina seems roused to a sense of her * "Home market." I wish that the importance many natural advantages. The clearing of the ob of this was better understood, and appreciated as structions to the navigation of the Roanoke and it ought to be by the people of the United States. Cape Fear rivers, at present occupies the attention Every body may see it, yet most are insensible of of some of her statesmen, and with every prospect of its advantages. Lands are improved and property success in both undertakings. We have heretofore rises in value-and they think not of the why or noticed the former, and now have before us a re- wherefore. I well know a district of country in a port of the president and directors of the "Cape neighboring state in which, by the extension of one Fear Navigation Company" to the stockholders, manufactory and the establishment of one (or two) which warrants a hope that that noble river, for a new ones, the land, for several miles round, has treb great distance into the interior, may easily be made led its price within the short period of about eight navigable for the craft usually employed; in which years and numerous fields that were considered they have made very considerable progress. "worn out," are now, through an invigorated agri

The course of the river has been chiefly obstruct culture, covered with the most luxurious produced by immense numbers of logs and trees deposited tions. This effect is wholly, or at least chiefly, causin its bed, and forming sand banks and shoals, un-ed by the market established at the farmer's door til the original channel was nearly filled up. Vast -a place whereat he can always raise a little mo. quantities of these have been removed, "some of ney if he has any thing to sell, without trouble. them almost as heavy as stone by their lor.g submer-A neighboring miller's bill for flour furnished the sion," by a very "simple method," that "requires people at one of these establishments, averages only the steady operation of labor," and it is found 2000 dollars a year-and every thing else is in prothat the channel is immediately deepened, the sand portion. then giving way to the current. The removal of the logs alone, it is believed, will effect all the desired -improvement from Wilmington to Fayetteville.

I do not recollect that I ever mentioned a conversation that I had at Annapolis eight or ten years ago, with a sage member of the legislature of the This state owes more to Archibald D. Murphy, state, before a room full of company-The legisla esq. than to any, perhaps, of her many enlightened tor was complaining of the multitude of business citizens. His name, through his reports to the le- that was presented to the assembly from Baltimore; gislature, &c. is familiar to our readers; but he has to which I replied that the fault was in that body, now many associates in his meritorious labors. At for neglecting, or refusing, to grant powers to the the late celebration of the 4th of July, at Fayette-city suited to its progressive state of improvement, ville, by all parties, we notice with pleasure that a by which it ought to be enabled to regulate its local just tribute was paid to his worth, "as the success-affairs. He said that this might be so-but “any ful promoter of inland navigation," and with a wish how,-1 wish it were sunk in the basin." This was that "the state might delight to esteem and honor not a political effervescence-he was only tired of him, as he had benefited and honored the people."making laws to lay out new streets, &c. in Baltimore. I hope that the growth of such men may be encou-I bowed, and thanked the gentleman in the name of raged-one of them is worth a thousand gabbling my fellow citizens for his goodness towards them. politicians; and I truly rejoice to see that they are After a while, I suddenly turned, and asked the coming into fashion, in many parts of the union. legislator if he had any land, and what he valued it Vor XIK

Foreign trade is at present very dull. By the ta numerous at sea. In a few years more, if peace lasts bles inserted in subsequent pages it appears that we in Europe, we cannot expect any part in the carry are rivalled by foreigners in our own ports, and in ing trade, and, perhaps, this is as well; but our ships the transport of our own commodities. Experience should be protected so as to give to them a decided teaches we ought no more to suffer foreigners to preference in carrying our own commodities and in underwork us in shipping than in manufactures, and supplying us with those that we want for our own for the same reasons. But the defence of our coun- uses from abroad. Independent of the profitable emtry is immediately connected with the prosperity of ployment thus afforded and the home market thereour shipping and fisheries-as these decline our by created, it is by this only that we can expect to means of supporting a navy fails. Ships, of them- keep up a naval force; and it is now generally agreed selves, are as inefficient to protect us as the trees of that we ought to have a respectable establishment, which they may be composed. Napoleon had three "sufficient to defend itself and us." If the present fine squadrons rotting in port, while our few frigates, power to support it is lost, years must elapse be. more closely watched by the same enemy, were fore it can be regained. Seamen cannot be made scouring every sea. If we had had those ships, the in a day-and their habits are such that they are late war would have borne a very different character; easily scattered and lost to their country, by the and the trident might have trembled in the hands want of employment under its flag. We might of the "mistress of the sea." I am not aware of here pay a tribute of praise to those of the United our capacity to man a naval force by voluntary en- States-but we cannot add any thing to their fame. listments, and we never can resort to any other Their renown has reached every part of the world. means, though impressment for the sea-service is, They are invaluable, and contribute more, perhaps, I believe, used by every other maritime nation : but to the national strength and prosperity, than any the capacity is great, seeing that 300 able seamen other class not more numerous; and we ought to are considered amply sufficient for a ship of the guard their interests as the apple of our eye. line, the rest of her crew being made up of ordinary seamen, landsmen and boys. This force has ing the tonnage of the United States for the several We shall conclude this article with a table shewrisen up from an extensive and long prosperous years from 1793 to 1815 inclusive, (except 1814) commerce; and, for the want of it, is now declining which will be very convenient for reference, and as rapidly as it rose. Powerful efforts should be some remarks or comparisons with that of Great made to prevent it from sinking below its natural Britain. level we have had more foreign trade than was our just share; but it is now a matter of much interest to take care that we have not less than that share. The reduction of the British navy has cast many thousand seamen on the merchant's service, and their wages are very low. Holland, France, &c. &c. are reviving-and their ships are already

at?

Dec.

REGISTER'D ENROLLED LICENSED

TOTAL

under 20 t's.

tons. 95th

889,804 86 714,868 23 623,067 54 764,573 60 835,177 19 854,819 54 915,837 73 942,413 35 993,100 90 850,003 42 896,277 51 990,066 75

31 tons. 95th tons. 95th tons. 95th 1793 367,734 23114,853 10 7,217 53 He was surprised with the question and an 1795 529,470 63 164,795 91 19,601 59 1794 438,862 71 167,227 42 16,977 36 swered, hesitatingly, that he had, and named a price 1796 576,733 25 195,423 64 22,416 66 that he supposed it would fetch. I then enquired 1797 597,777 43214,077 523,325 66 what it was worth twenty years before-he turned 1798 603,376 37 227,343 79 24,099 43 and twisted the question as though he suspected 1799 669,197 19 220,904 46 25,736 8 something, but at length stated a sum less than 1800 669,921 35 245,295 427,196 91 a third of the amount, first given. What was the 1801718,549 60 246,255 34 28,296 91 cause of this great rise of value?—I supposed he 1802 560,380 63 260,543 1629,079 58 had richly manured his fields, built a fine barn, and 1803 597,157 05 268,676 12 30,384 34 a new dwelling house, within the twenty years-1804 672,530 18 286,840 130,696 56 No, neither; the lands were poorer and the build-1805 749,341 22301,366 3831,296 731,082,004 38 ings worse now, by their tear and wear, than they 1806 808,284 68 309,977 530,562 541,148,824 32 were at the former period. But, said I, there is no 1807 848,306 85318,189 93 30,838 391,197,335 27 effect without a cause- -what is the cause of the 1808769,053 54 387,684 43 33,135 331,189,873 35 greater value of your land. Why-it was the rise 1809910,059 23 371,500 56 33,661 751,315,221 59 of property, said the law maker. This is an effect 1810 984,269 05397,704 32 42,809 85 1,424,783 27 --but I want you to tell me the cause. "Cause- 1811768,852 21420,673 77 42,976 361,232,502 39 cause," said he, confusedly, and with a blank and 1812760,624 40 Judicous countenance, "I don't know any cause." 1813 674,853 44 477, 971 00 I'll tell you-it is a market for your products--a 1815 854,294 74462,807 22/51,025 771,368,127 78 1,238,595 40] place at which you can always get money for any thing and to any amount, great or small, that you have to sell; it is that Baltimore which you wish sunk into the basin. The man looked wildly for a moment-the light of truth seemed too great for him; he faintly confessed that he believed it was so, and a peal of laughter completed his discomfiture. But, and notwithstanding the home market is of such mighty importance, and so many times great-no more than 1,579,715 tons of British vessels were er than the foreign, still the latter, to a very consi- entered inward in the same year from all parts of *Notwithstanding this aggregate, it appears that derable extent, fixes the value upon or determines the world, including their repeated voyages-which the prices, of most things that any of us have to takes in all from Ireland, Guernsey, Jersey, &c. In spare; extending even, perhaps, to establish the the same year there cleared, outwards, in like manprice of a day's labor. Hence, it is essential to the interests of all ranks and descriptions of people. ner, 1,507,353 tons. Either of these is rather over the average for 10 years:

the British empire (except Ireland) was, in
The gross tonnage belonging to all the ports of

1803
1812

Ireland, in 1812, only

2,108,990 tons. 2,421,695* 57,103

NEW VESSELS BUILT-TONS.

YEARS. In the United States. In Great Britain.

1804

103,755 91

1805

128,507 3

1806

126,093 26

1807

99,783 92

1808

31,755 34

1809

91,397 55

1810

1811

127,575 86
146,691 82

1812

1813

Average, 10 years,

84,691 42
31,153 40

135,349 00
95,979 00

89,584 00
69,198 00
68,000 00
57,140 00
61,396 00

84,891 00
115,630 00
94,198 00

10)971,405 76 10)872,365 00

97,140 57

Trade in Negroes.

87,236 00

Susep the Indian.

Bangor, (Me.) June 23-At the supreme judicial court which was holden at Castine last week, Poal Susep, an Indian of the Penobscot tribe, was indicted and tried for the murder of William Knight, late of this town, The prisoner was brought to the bar on Thursday in the court-house, but so great was the crowd of spectators, the court adjourned to the meeting-house, and there, after most of the day had been spent in a patient investigation of all the circumstances of this unhappy event, the cause was ably argued by the learned counsel for the prisoner, the hon. Messrs. Mellen and William son, who had been appointed to this arduous task by the court, and by Mr. Solicitor-General Davis, on the part of the government. After which the court, as is usual in capital trials, asked the prisoner if he had any thing further to say in his defence, who replied that John Neptune would say something for him. This man, though not the present chief of the tribe, is distinguished for good If there is any thing that ought to be supremely sense and information, and came forward to the hated, it is the present infamous traffic that is car-forum with the ease and assurance of a CICERO. His ried on in several of the middle states, and especially speech was not brilliant, but impressive-he alludin Maryland, in negroes, for the Georgia and Louied to several murders committed on the tribe by siana markets. I blush for the honor of the art of our people, which had escaped punishment, and printing when I see advertisements published in particularly named the case of Livermore who was the newspapers, openly avowing the trade, and so- convicted and sentenced to death for the murder fciting business, with the indifference of dealers in of an Indian, but is now in the state prison under a horses. commutation of punishment by the executive; and But, not content with violating every tie deemed said he and his brethern were willing Livermore sacred in society-of separating husband from wife should be released from his imprisonment, in case and the mother from her children, and transporting Susep should be acquitted-He also expatiated these miserable beings to a strange land, manacled largely on the importance of living in peace and like felons, and in every way treated as if they had amity with our neighbors-said it was the sincere no more feeling than stocks or stones, wretches are wish of his tribe, as well as the Quoddy and St. not wanting to seize on free persons and carry John's Indians, to be on good terms with the Amerithem off and sell them for slaves-and, unhappily, cans, since we were all brethern of the same great there are planters base enough to purchase men family; and reminded the audience that this life at without an enquiry as to the manner in which they best was short and transitory. The jury after were obtained. We recently noticed the punish- retiring a short time returned a verdict of "NOT ment of two monsters in the state of Delaware, for GUILTY of murder, but guilty of MAN SLAUGH. kidnapping. If that of death was ever meritoriously TER." The sentence was one year's imprisonment inflicted, these men ought to have suffered it-for it in the county gaol.

was their practice to break into the houses of free The facts constituting the offence in this case blacks at night and carry them off, with every ag- were, that Susep in a state of intoxication and in a gravation that cruelty could add to the grand of violent passion, had with none or a very slight fence against the law. The like, perhaps, daily oc- provocation, stabbed Knight to the heart with a curs in Maryland, and it has happened even in New-hunting knife. He was arrested on the spot, and York, where certain persons guilty of it have also committed to gaol nearly a year ago. been caught and imprisoned for trial. But in the About thirty of the tribe, among whom was tates south of Delaware, such is the general nature Susep's wife and relations, attended the trial and of the laws, tending to secure a property in the behaved with the utmost decorum. blacks rather than their rights, that it is extremely BROWNSVILLE, PA. June 25-Curious Robbery.difficult, if not dangerous, to do much in their be-Some time since, a horse thief stole a horse near half, and they are left pretty much to the mercy of Steubenville, Ohio, in the following manner-Durthe dealers in men. The trade has greatly increasing the night, he went to the field adjoining the ed within the last two or three years; during which mansion house, in which were two horses-one a it is thought that twenty thousand have been intro-young horse, difficult to catch, and the other an duced into Georgia alone. We are surprized that old one, easily caught-While he was attempting the legislature of that state has not done something to catch the young horse the owner awoke, and lisefficient to preventja measure so pregnant with evil; tening, heard a man say to himself, "since I can't one would have thought that policy, of itself, would catch you, I'll take the old one." The owner knowhave pointed out the impropriety of thus mixing the ing that with the young horse he could overtake slaves; and have forbidden a hazard of the safe- the thief, permitted him to proceed. As soon as ty of the whole to gratify the cupidity of a few. In-he was gone, the owner caught the young horse, deed, something ought to be done to break up this and went directly, properly armed,in pursuit of the trade-humanity is not alone interested in it; safety thief. On observing that he was pursued, he left is also involved. Who could blame the kidnapped the horse and ran into a deserted cabin by the road negro for seeking his liberty at any cost, and at side. The owner tied his nag, and followed the every sacrifice? Let us take the case ourselves.We cannot now easily get rid of the slaves-but it is no less our duty than our interest to take care that the evils attending them be not increased.

thief into the cabin, who had by this time climbed to the top of the chimney; jumping do, he ran tɔ the young horse, untied and mounted him, and was clear off before the owner returned from the cabin

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