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winds and rocks"-should be greeted with such universal enthusiasm. Capt. Stewart not only received the thanks of Congress, but of almost every State Legislature then in session, and from many quarters some more substantial marks of approbation.

where the turnpike gate now stands, they entered | upon an Indian race path, upon each side of which a number of stakes, with the bark peeled off, were stuck into the earth, and upon each stake was fixed the head and kilt of a Highlander, who had been After this, old Ironsides was taken to the Navy killed or taken prisoner at Grant's defeat. The proYard and immediately dismantled,-where she re- vincials being front, obtained the first view of these mained unemployed, we believe, with a single ex- horrid spectacles, which it may readily be believed ception, till the spring of 1825, when she was again excited no very kindly feelings in their breasts.fitted out, and sailed under the command of Capt. They passed along, however, without any manifestaDaniel T. Patterson to join the squadron in the Medition of their violent wrath. But as soon as the terranean. She remained there about three years, Highlanders came in sight of the remains of their after which she returned to the U. States, and as if countrymen, a slight buzz was heard in their ranks, to add one more to the many instances of good luck which rapidly swelled, and grew louder and louder. that have always attended her-she was so fortunate Exasperated not only by the barbarous outrages upon as to arrive and fire a federal salute in her native the persons of their unfortunate fellow soldiers who city during the celebration of the 4th of July, 1828, had fallen only a few days before, but maddened by and contributed not a little, as well by her beautiful the insult which was conveyed by the exhibition of appearance as by the delightful associations that the kilts, and which they well understood, as they are ever uppermost in the presence of such a glori. had long been nicknamed the "petticoat warriors" by ous vessel, to heighten the splendor and add a zest to the Indians, their wrath knew no bounds. the festivities of the day.

We have now we believe briefly touched upon most of the leading incidents in the eventful history of this favorite ship; doubtless there are many others well worth recording, but which can be only known to those who at the time of their occurrence were on board of her. We have never been able to find any but unsatisfactory accounts of her operations before Tripoli, and the other Barbary States. A complete and impartial history of the movements of our several squadrons in those seas from 1803 to the present moment, would not only prove extremely interesting, but as a matter of record would be invaluable. We sincerely hope some competent person may be found who is willing to undertake it.

About twelve years since the Constitution was hove out and completely examined at the navy yard in Charlestown, when her timbers, &c., were found to be in remarkable good order, a fact which, after twenty-five years wear and tear and hard service, redounds not a little to the credit of the old fashioned mechanics of Boston.

Directly a rapid and violent trampling was heard, and immediately the whole corps of highlanders, with their muskets abandoned and broadswords drawn, rushed by the provincials, foaming with rage, and re|sembling, as Captain Craighead coarsely expressed it, "mad boars engaged in battle," swearing vengeance and extermination upon the French troops, who had permitted such outrages. The march was now hastened-the whole army moved forward after the Highlanders, and when they arrived somewhere about where the canal now passes, the Fort was discovered to be in flames, and the last of the boats, with the flying Frenchmen, were seen passing down the Ohio by Smoky Island. Great was the disappointment of the exasperated Highlanders at the escape ofthe French, and their wrath subsided into a sullen and relentless desire of vengeance.

POETRY.

The following random rhymes, written in pencil In her actions with the Guerriere and Java she mount-on the back of a letter-probably by some steamboat ed 54 guns, and 52 when engaged with the Cyane and Levant, her armament being 30 long 24 pounders passenger, waiting for the night-boat, were picked on the main deck and 24 32 pound carronades on the up in the baggage-house of the Westpoint landing, upper deck. Her loss in the action with the Guerriere and, for the want of a better designation, are comwas killed and wounded, 14; with the Java, 34, and municated to the New-York American, under the with the Cyane and Levant, 14 more-total, 62. The Guerriere's loss, killed, wounded, and missing, title of was 103; the Java's 161; Cyane's, 38; Levant's 39 -total, 341, or in the proportion of five and a half to The prisoners were nearly one thousand. The dry dock into which old Iron-Sides is now about to be taken, as well as the one which has recently been completed at Norfolk, is undoubtedly one of the most splendid specimens of stone masonry to be found in the world.

one.

We have heard it spoken of by intelligent travellers, who have visited most of the naval depots in Great Britain, France and Russia, as by far surpassing any thing of the sort they had ever before witnessed. Indeed no expense has been spared by the government to render these magnificent public works as complete and perfect in every respect as possible. They were planned and have been constructed under the superintending care of Col. Loammi Baldwin, a gentleman who, for skill and science, has no superior in the country. The Delaware 74 was probably taken into the dock at Norfolk on Monday last; and should the President arrive here to-day, as is expected he will, the Constitution will probably be hauled in to-morrow afternoon, or at farthest on Monday next. T.

[From the Pittsburg Gazette.]

THE CAPTURE OF FORT DU QUESNE.-We received the following account of some incidents which occurred on the day of the taking possession of this place, by General Forbes, from an esteemed friend, to whom it was related by Captain Craighead, who commanded a company of Provincials on that day.

On the evening of the 24th of November, 1758, General Forbes encamped 12 miles from this place. During that day he had received intelligence that the French commandant was preparing to abandon Fort Du Quesne. The defeat of General Braddock, only three years before, was too recent to be forgotten, and of course operated as a salulary hint to General Forbes, not to advance rashly. The intelligence, therefore, even if believed, was not communicated to the troops.

On the morning of the next day, 25th November, 1758, the army advanced from their encampmentthe provincial troops in front, followed by a body of highlanders.

Upon their arrival at the rising ground, just beyond

WESTPOINT BY MOONLIGHT.
I'm not romantic, but upon my word,

There are some moments when one can't help feeling
As if his heart's chords were so strongly stirred
By things around him, that 'tis vain concealing
A little music in his soul still lingers
Whene'er its keys are touched by Nature's fingers:
And even here, upon this settee lying,
With many a sleepy traveller near me snoozing,
Thoughts warm and wild are through my bosom flying
Like founts when first into the sunshine oozing ;-
For who can look on mountain, sky, and river,
Like these, and then be cold and calm as ever?
Bright Dian, who, Camilla-like, dost skim yon
Azure fields-Thou who once earthward bending
Didst loose thy virgin zone to young Endymion
On dewy Latinos to his arms descending-
Thou whom the world of old on every shore,
Emblem of thy sex, Triformis did adore-
Tell me where'er thy silver barque is steering,
By bright Italian or soft Persian lands,
Or o'er those island-studded seas careering,
Whose pearl-charged waves dissolve on coral strands-
Tell me if thou visitest, thou heavenly rover,
A lovelier spot than this the wide world over?
Doth Achelous or Araxes flowing

Twin-born, from Pindus, but ne'er-meeting brothers-
Doth Tagus o'er his golden pavement glowing,
Or cradle-freighted Ganges, the reproach of mothers,
The storied Rhine, or far famed Guadalquiver,
Match they in beauty my owa glorious river?
What though no turret gray or ivied column
Along these cliffs their sombre ruins rear?
What though no frowning tower or temple solemn,
Of despots tell and superstition here-
What though that mouldering fort's fast-crumbling walls
Did ne'er enclose a baron's bannered halls—
Its sinking arches once gave back as proud
An echo to the war blown clarion's peal
As gallant hearts its battlements did crowd-
As ever beat beneath a vest of steel,
When herald's trump on knighthood's haughtiest day
Called forth chivalric host to battle fray:
For here amid these woods did He keep court,
Before whose mighty soul the common crowd
Of heroes who alone for Fame have fought
Are like the Patriarch's sheaves to Heav'ns chos'n bowed-
He who his country's eagle taught to soar
And set those stars which shine o'er every shore.
And sights and sounds at which the world have wondered
Within these wild ravines have had their birth-
Young Freedom's cannon from these glens have thundered
And sent their startling echoes o'er the earth;
And not a verdant glade or mountain hoary
But treasures up within the glorious story.

And yet not rich in high-souled memories only,
Is every moon-touched headland round me gleaming,
Each cavernous glen and leafy valley lonely,

And silver torrent o'er the bald rock streaming:
But such soft fancies here may breathe around,
As make Vaucluse and Clarens hallow'd ground.
Where, tell me where, pale Watcher of the Night-
Thou that to love so oft hast lent its soul,
Since the lorn Lesbian languished 'neath thy light,
Or fiery Montagu to his Ju iet stole-
Where dost thou find a fitter place on earth,
To nurse young love in hearts like theirs to birth?
But now bright Peri of the skies descending,
Thy pearly car hangs o'er yon mountain's crest,
While Night more nearly now each step attending,
As if to hide thy envied place of rest,
Closes at last thy very couch beside,

A matron curtaining a virgin bride.

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THE SWEDISH GIRL. "Previous to the departure of Baron de Stael from Sweden, he was enamored of his second cousin, a beautiful girl, whom he had promised to marry; but after the offers received by him from the Neckar family, he wrote to inform her of the peculiar circumstances in which he was placed, and that his union with a lady whom he did not love, would be the means of raising his family from poverty and obscurity. His cousin, without any other answer, returned him his marriage promise stained with her tears, and in seven weeks she was a corpse."

"Even to pause on such a thought!
How could it cross his unind!
Vain honors traffic'd for and bought,
With happiness resigned!

And love like mine cast meekly by,
At cold ambition's call!-

My heart, be calm!-why should I sigh?
Tears, tears, why will ye fall?
The Swedish girl should scorn to stand
"Tween him and his adopted land.

For him what could I not have borne,
What wo or poverty!

And rich in love, have smiled in scorn,
When heartless wealth rolled by.

I would have urged him up the steep,
Where hangs the noblest crown
Honor may gain, or virtue keep-
An honest man's renown!
Soothed him when yielding to his toils,
And brightened each success with smiles.
Yet why thus linger o'er a dream
That iny fond spirit bound,
But lent my soul no cheering beam
To light the darkness round!
Well, be it so;-I may not speak
What stirs within my heart;
The fettered spirit soon will break
Through all things, and depart:
Yet 'twould be sweet again to bless
The object of past tenderness!
Ay, take thy bride, the gifted one,
And glory in her fame!
And when, pervading in the sun,
Her genius lights thy name,
Forget, amid its dazzling rays,

How dim thine own appears;
Nor think upon the heartfelt praise
Was thine in former years,
When mingling love, and hope, and pride,
With her now coldly thrown aside.
Ay, wed another-wed the great!
Gain wealth, but with it care!
Soon shalt thou feel the galling weight,
And mourn each glittering snare
That wiled thee from thy plighted vow,
From first and unfeigned love;
And bade thee to a stranger bow,
A stranger's bounty prove!
Madness! that one so loved by me,
Should ever so degraded be!

It may not be! I cannot ask
Earth's happiness for one
Who hath imposed the bitterest task,
That woman's pride has done.

I'll curse not, though I may not bless
The idol of my youth,

But, in my wreck of happiness,
I'll prove unfaltering truth.
And, blotted thus with tears, return
The pledge I would, but cannot spurn

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And such is woman's love! not even pride,
That oft quells passion in its fiercest tide,
This high souled, injured Swedish girl could save,
Fair spring wove garlands o'er her early grave.

TRY ME.

Long, too long. I've waited dearest,
Why, oh why, deny me?

If my constancy thou fearest,
Take me, love, and try me.
See the crystal tear is glowing,
One bright smile will dry it;
Donbt not, when 'tis easy knowing,
Try it. dearest, try it!

Joys when brightest still are fleetest,
Haste, dear maid, they're flying,
Wedded love, the fondest, sweetest,
May be had for trying.
Now I see thy heart relenting,
Dearest I defy thee;

Eyes and cheeks alike consenting,
Maiden, shall I fly thee?

Hopes and vows thus fondly meeting,
Dearest, do not chide them:

They who say Love's joys are cheating,
Never thus have tried them!

MOINA.

3.2.

MARRIAGES.

On Monday evening last, at Harlem Heights, by the Rev. Dr. Bogart, Col. AARON BURR, to Mrs. ELIZA JUMEL.

Tuesday morning, by the Rev. Dr. Knox, JOSEPHUS GRANGER, to A. JANE, daughter of D. L. Haight, Esq. all of this city. On Tuesday last, by the Rev. Dr. McAuley, P. C. OAKLEY, of Ogdensburg N. Y., to Miss SARAH A. DODGE, daughter of Dani. Dodge, Esq. of this city.

On Tuesday morning last, by the Rev. Wm. Parkinson, Gro. G. RYERSON, Esq. of New Jersey, to ANNA MARIA, daughter of Rosewell Graves, M. D. of this city.

On Saturday evening, the 29th June, by the Rev. Dr. Phillips, HENRY N. CRUGER, Esq. of Charleston, South Carolina, to HARRIET, daughter of the late George Douglass, of this city.

NOVELTY WORKS,

Near Dry Dock, New-York.

RAILROAD CAR WHEELS AND BOXES, AND OTHER RAILROAD CASTINGS. THOMAS B. STILLMAN, Manufacturer of Steam Also, AXLES furnished and fitted to wheels complete, and other Machinery. Also, Dr. Nott's Patent Tubular Boil-dry Paterson, N. J. All orders addressed to the subscribers Enginee, Boilere, Railroad and Mill Work, Lathes, Presses, at the Jefferson Cotton and Wool Machine Factory and Foun ere, which are warranted, for safety and economy, to be supe-at Paterson, or 60 Wall street, New-York, will be promptly atended to. Also, CAR SPRINGS. rior to any thing of the kind heretofore used. The fullest assurance is given that work shall be done well, and on rea- J8 ona le terms. A share of public patronage is respectfully

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TOWNSEND & DURFEE, of Palmyra, Manu
facturers of Railroad Rope, having removed their establish
inent to Hudson, under the rame of Durfee & May, offer to
On the evening of the 28th, at Christ Church, by the Rev. Dr. supply Rope of any required length (without splice) for in-
Lyell, Mr. HENRY W. CLAPP, of the firm of Palmer & Clapp, to clined planes of Railroas at the shortest notice, and deliver
MISS ANNA C. daughter of the late Capt ROBERT B. HILLIARD.them in any of the principal cities in the United States.
On Thursday last, in St Thomas' Church, by the Rev. Docter the quality of Rope, the public are referred to J B. Jervis, Eng.
M. & H. R. R. Co, Albany; or James Archibald, Eng neer
Hawks, WILLIAM PETERS, to CHRISTIANA A. JACKSON.
On Tuesday, 25th instant, at Phillipstown, by the Rev. Mr. Hudson and Delaware Canal and Railroad Company, Carbon
Sunderland, Mr. T. S. SHEPARD. of this city, to MISS ELIZABETH dale, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania.
Hudson, Colu.nbia county, New-York,
JENNET, daughter of JUDGE GARRISON, of the former place.
January 29, 1833.

At Bedford, Westchester Co., N. Y., on Wednesday evening, 26th June, by the Rev. Jacob Green, J. W. TOMPKINS, Esq. of White Plains, to Miss MARY J., daughter of the late Jotham Smith, Esq. of the former place.

At Syracuse, Onondaga county, on Friday evening last, by Rev. J. W. Adams, E. W. LEAVENWORTH, Esq. to MARY E. daughter of Joshua Forman Esq.

At Poughkeepsie, on Tuesday morning, by the Rev. Francis M. Kip, GEORGE L. MIDDLEBROOK. to ELEANOR H. K., adopted daughter of Charles Trender.

DEATHS.

On 29th ultimo, after a long illness WILLIAM Elliott HUGER, aged 27 years, son of Judge Huger, of South Carolina.

Ou Thursday afternoon, GARRAT NOEL BLEECKER, in the 65th year of his age.

On Saturday morning, Mr. JoHN M. SOUTHART, in the 39th year of his age.

On Monday afternoon, after a lingering illness, Susan Frost, in the 43d year of her age, widow of the late Stephen Frost. On Friday morning, Mr. JAMES VAN BEUREN, an old and respectable citizen, lumber merchant, in the 69th year of his age. On Friday afternoon, 21st inst. Mrs. ELIZABETH OWENS, in! the 24th year of her age.

This morning, at 2 o'clock, Mr. JOHN RUTHVEN, in the 80th year of his age.

Yesterday, Joseph Pell, aged 28 years.

This morning, in the 69th year of her age, Mrs. ANN ROGERS. Last evening, SARAH, the wife of Joseph Jennings.

This morning, June 26th, after a lingering illness, in the 91st year of his age, RYNIER SUYDAM, Esq.

On Friday morning last. at her residence at Yonkers Mrs. RACHEL ROBERT, aged 90 years.

At Moscow, on Friday last, Jellis Clute, Esq. aged about 52. In Lyons, Mrs. Sarah Hovey, aged 21.

In Canandaigua, on the 16th inst. Mrs. Laura Brewer, wife of Alonzo Brewer, Esq. aged 34.

At Gouverneur, St. Lawrence Co., on the 23d ult. Horatio K. Kneeland, aged 26.

At China, Genessee co. on the 5th inst. the Rev. Wm. Lyman,| in his 69th year.

At Raieigh, Mr. Benson Card, aged 100 years, the oldest inha bitant. Has been married to his wife, still living, 70 years. At Cantonment Gibson, on 1st May, Massey Logan, of Lawrence county, a Ranger in Capt. Bean's Company.

warranted.

F31 if

SURVEYORS' INSTRUMENTS. Compasses of various sizes and of superior quality, Leveling Instruments, large and small sizes, with high magnifying powers with classes made by Troughton, together with a large assortment of Enginering Instruments, manufactured and sold by E. & G. W. BLUNT, 154 Water street, J31 6 corner of Maidanla e.

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SURVEYING AND NAUTICAL INSTRUMENT MANUFACTORY.

EWIN & HEARTTE, at the sign of the Quadrant, No. 53 South street, one door north of the Union Hotel, Balumore, beg leave to inform their friends and the public, espialty Eng Heers, that they continue to manulaciure to orde ind keep for sale every description of Instruments in the above ranches, which they can furi:ish at the shortest notice, and on air terms. Instruments repaired with care and promptitude. For proof of the high estimation on which their Surveying fnstruments are held, they respec fully beg leave to tender to the public peru ai, the following certificates from gentlemen of fisunguished scientific attainments.

On Monday, June 10, at the residence of Col. John Williams,
in the vicinity of Knoxville, Tenn., the Hon. NATHANIEL Woad Company. This opinion would have been given at a much
WILLIAMS, of Smith county, for many years one of the Judges
of the Circuit Court in Tennessee.

At Charleston, S. C., the Rev. ALLSTON GIBBES, Assistant Minister of St. Philip's Church, an efficient and faithful servant of the Church, always active and diligent in attention to her interests.

At Rankin, Miss., on a tour of travel through the U. States, WASHINGTON ROMAINE, Attorney at Law, aged 33 years and 6 months, son of BENJAMIN ROMAINE, Esq. of this city.

At Baton Rouge, on the 6th of June, of Cholera, in less than Fix hours after being attacked by it, ROBERT KANE MORRIS, son of Thomas Morris of this city, and grand son of Robert Morris, Financier of the United States during the revolutionary war, and one of the signers of American Independence.

At New Orleans, on the 6th of June, of the Cholera, Mrs. MARY, wife of G. W. ESTES, aged 19 years, of Jefferson county, New-York.

To win & Heartte -Agreeably to your request made som months since, I now offer you my opinion of the Instruments nade at your establishment, for the Baltimore and Ohio Railalier periou, but was intentionally delayed, in order to afford A longer time for the trial of the Instruments, so that I could speak with the greater confidence of their merits, it such they should be found to possess.

It is with much pleasure I can now state that notwithstanding the Instruments in the service procured from our northern ci des are considered good, I nave a decided preference for thos manufactured by you. Of the whole number manufactured for the Department of Construction, to wit: five Levels, and fiv of the Compasses not one has required any repairs within the last twelve months, except from the occasional imperfection o a screw, or from accidents, to which all Instruments are liable They possess a firmness and stability, and at the same time natness and beauty of execution, which reflect much credi on the artists engaged in their construction.

I can with confidence recommend them as being worthy the olice of Companies engaged in Internal improvements, who may require Instruments of superior workmanship.

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IMPERIAL AND ROYAL-From the celebrated Saugerties Mills, of the following sizes, all put up with 480 perfect sheets o each ream-

Sizes-24x35, 24x36, 21x341. 23x36, 46x37, 20x41, 27x38), 21x ›8, 24×29, 24x23, 21x26, 21x2, 29x24, &c., &c.

Also- All the old stock of Medium will be sold at very reJuced pricec. to close sales, the Mili having discontinued ́making that description of paper.

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ENGINEERING AND SURVEYING
INSTRUMENTS.

The subscriber manufactures all kinds of Instruments in his profession, warranted equal, if not superion, in principles of construction and workmanship to any imported or manufac ured in the United States; several of winch are entirely new: anong which are an Impiovett Compass, with a le escupa alached, by which angles can be taken with or without the se of the needle, with perfect accuracy—also, a Railroad Goniom eter, with two Telescose-and a Levelling Instrument, with a Goniometer attached, particularly adapted to Railroad purposes. WM. J YOUNG, Mathematical Instrument Maker, No. 9 Dock streel, Philadelphia.

The following recommendations are respectfully submitted to Engineers, Surveyors, and others interested.

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Also, the Rev. James F. Hull, late Rector of Christ Church. On board the steamboat Mount Vernon, June 13, THOMAS YEATMAN, Esq. of the banking house of Yeatman, Woods & Co. of Nashville. Mr. Yeatman left Nashville with his family with the intention of proceeding to Philadelphia, and a day or I have examined with care several Engineers' instruments two after his departure he was attacked by Cholera, and in a of your Manufacture, paineularty Spirit levels, and survey about thirty hours after the attack, expired with perfect resig-or's Compasses; and take pleasure in expressing my opinion nation and composure, in the 45th year of his age. of the excellence of the workmanship. The parts of the levels ppeared well proportioned to secure facility in use, and accu racy and permanency in adjustments.

Mr. Yeatman was a native of Pennsylvania, and settled in Nashville about the year 1809, where by a course of prudence, industry, and enterprize, he acquired an ample fortune, and enjoyed the enviable reputation of being one of God's noblest works, 'an honest man. Nashville, by the prevailing epidemic, has lost some of her most estimable and valuable citizens, but amongst them there is none whose loss will be more deeply felt, than the subject of this notice.-[Nashville Republican.]

On the 24 of June, at sea, on board the brig Plymouth, Capt. Daggett, while on her voyage from Leghorn to New York, Wm. E. RAPELJE, Esq. of Fishkill, Dutchess county.

Both Levels and Compasses are in good repair. They have in fact needed but little repairs, except from acc.dents to which all instruments of the kind are liable.

I have found that thy patterns for the levels and compasses have been preferred by my assistants generally, to any others in use, and the Improved Compass is superior to any other deThese instruments seemed to me to possess all the modericription of Goniometer that we have yet tried in laying the raile improvement of c nstruction, of which so many have been made within these few years; and I have no doubt but the will give every satisfaction when used in the field.

WILLIAM HOWARD. U. S. Civil Engineer.
Baltimore, May 1st, 1833.

To Messrs Ewin and Heartte- As you have asked me to giv my opinion of the merits of those instruments of your manu acture which I have either used or examined, I cheerfully rate

on this Road.

On the 19th May last, at Bradford, Eng. in the 70th year of her that as far as my opportunities of my becoming aquainted with, it will be as highly appreciated for common surveying. age, Mrs. WOODREAD, relict of the late Mr. Matt'w Woodhead, their qualities have gone, I have great reason to think wel of and mother of J. & T. Woodhead, of this city.

TO DIRECTORS OF RAILWAY COMPANIES AND OTHER WORKS.

telescope, in place of the vane sights, leaves the engineer This instrument, more recently improved with a reversing carcely any thing to desire in the formation or convenience of the Compass. It is indeed the most completely adapted to later al angles of any simple and chea. instrument that I have yet seen, and I cannot but believe it will be preferred to all others now in use for laying of rails-and in fact, when known, I think Respectfully the friend, JAMES P. STABLER, Superintendant of Construction of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Philadelphia, February, 1888, Having for the last two years made constant use of Mr. Young's Patent Improved Compare," I can safely say I be fieve it to be much superior to any other instrument of the kind, now in use, and as such most cheerfully recommend it to En gineers and Surveyors, E. H. GILL, Civil Engineer. Germantown, February, 1838. For a year past I have used Instruments made by Mr. W.J. Young, of Philadelphia, in which he has combined the properCivil Engineer in the service of the Baltimore and Ohio Railties of a Theodolite with the common Level. road Company.

the skill displayed in their construction. The neatness of thei workmanship has been the subject of frequent remark by myself. and of the accuracy of their performance I have received Satisfactory assurance from others, whose opinion I respect, and who have had them lor a considerable time in use. The

An Engineer lately from England, where he has been em-efforts you have made since your establishment in this city, to ployed in the location and execution of the principal railways relieve us of the necessity of sending elsewhere for what we n that country, wishes to engage with some company in the may want in our line, deserve the unqualified approbation and United States. four warm encouragement. Wishing you all the success which From his practical knowledge of the various kinds of motive|your enterprize so well merits, i remain, yours, &c. power, both of stationary and locomotive engines, also the conB. H LATROBE, struction of railway carriages of many descriptions, he has no doubt that he would prove of efficient se, vice to any company having works now in progress.

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AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL,

AND ADVOCATE OF INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.

PUBLISHED WEEKLY, AT No. 35 WALL STREET, NEW-YORK, AT THREE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.

D. K. MINOR, EDITOR.]

CONTENTS:

Lake Erie and Mad River Railroad; Elizabethtown and
Somerville Railroad : &c.

Simplified Application of Steam, &c..

Foreign Intelligence.

Summary.

Miscellany.

Poetry

Marriages and Deaths; Advertisements

.442

.447
.448

SATURDAY, JULY 13, 1833.

[VOLUME II.-No. 28.

toga Railroad, which was down to about par be of the first quality, now used considerably, last fall, is now 20 per cent. above par. The and some transported down the Susquehanna They are already page 433 Schenectady Railroad stock, which was last river, and thence in both a south-western and N. Y. Guard Rail-R. Bulkley in reply to U. A. Boyden. 431 winter as low as six or seven per cent. above north-eastern direction436 par, is now 40 per cent. above par, as you will known to some extent; much information is Method of moving Brick Houses (with an engraving)..435 Wooden Rails for Railroads.. 437 see by the papers. Mr. E. G., who returned still wanting on this subject: the time, however, Babbage on the Economy of Machinery (continued)...438 from Charleston, South Carolina, a few days is fast approaching when it will be had, because since, says that the Charleston and Hamburgh the material will be wanted, whether these Meteorological Records; A Machine in which all the Mechanical Powers are united (with an engraving)..440 Railroad stock, which has always been much great highways are made or not, the manufac .443 depressed, rose 20 per cent. in the course of turing interests of this country demanding this Literary Notices... 444 three weeks before he left; 70 miles of which article extensively. We are aware that to Great 446 (about half of the whole distance) has been Britain it is all important as a fuel for manufaccompleted a few months, and has cleared twelve turers as well as farmers; indeed, without it per cent. on its cost. If a railroad from Charles- England and Wales would, perhaps, long since ton, 70 miles into the interior, will pay twelve have become dependencies of other states; she AMERICAN RAILROAD JOURNAL, &c. per cent., what will a railroad from Sandusky to now manufactures of iron and all the other Dayton, in Ohio, pay on its cost? I should say metals more than all the rest of Europe tosix times twelve per cent. On the whole, if the gether; having but little water power, her mabooks for subscription to the stock of the Mad gic power is created and sustained by this very The description of Mr. Brown's mode of River Railroad are opened in due time, I can-important article, bituminous coal. I think we moving houses, taken from the forthcoming not but think a sufficient amount will be readily can foresee the time when this substance must number of the Mechanics' Magazine, and pub-subscribed to effect an object so highly impor-be resorted to in New-York, New-Jersey, and Indeed, no ations are large masses of iron ore. lished in this number of the Journal, will be tant to the city and State of New-York, as well Pennsylvania, for manufacturing purposes, and country is, perhaps, better adapted for the man. found interesting, we have no doubt, to most of as to the State of Ohio, and the other States even for fuel. In the vicinity of the coal form. he years our readers. Within the last twelve The following letter, from the Elizabethtownufacture of iron than northern Pennsylvania. has moved about 900 houses, of which number about 400 had brick fronts, and 40 were (N. J.) Journal, refers to a subject in which the city of New-York, in common with the country entirely of brick. at large, is deeply interested. The other letter referred to we will publish in our next.

NEW-YORK, JULY 13, 1833.

south and west of it."

"When this project of a connected railroad from the Hudson, opposite New-York, to Pittston on the Susquehanna, with its probable extension to the north and west, is once fully known to an enlightened public, I am persuaWe are gratified to learn that the friends of EXTENSION OF THE ELIZABETHTOWN AND ded it must succeed. No work now projected Railroads in Ohio are progressing with their most important works. The Erie and Mad riv. SOMERVILLE RAILROAD.-We have been fa- possesses equal intrinsic value, accommodating er Railroad, when completed, will greatly facil vored with the following extracts of letters re-so many and such extensive interests, connect. itate the transaction of business, as well as en-ceived from gentlemen of the first respectabili-ing by the nearest practicable route the most nately acquainted with the manufacture of the great western waters. hance the value of property in that section of the one extensively engaged in and inti- iniportant commercial city of the Union with ron, the other residing in Luzerne county, the state through which it passes. Pennsylvania, possessed of the best means of nforination, in the correctness of whose opinons great confidence may be placed.

May 20, 1833.

W. H-."

The following extract of a letter received [From the Sandusky Clarion.] River, La., dated June 10th, gives a faint idea LAKE ERIE AND MAD RIVER RAILROAD.-Infrom a friend residing at Avoylle Ferry, on Red of the alarm which existed there on the apformation has been received in town that the engineers have completed their survey; and we "The information I am able to give in ansuppose that a report may be expected soon. "Our country is in a perfect panic. The If the report he favorable, as we think there swer to the queries you have suggested, is that pearance of the Cholera in its vicinity: can be little doubt that it will, we should think there are several routes of contemplated railthat a speedy commencement of this important roads diverging from the great coal formation, Cholera made its appearance 10 or 15 days ago, work would be advisable, and from the informa-n Lackawana Valley. The first is the Lacka-on the plantations in the Parish of Rapide, first tion contained in the subjoined extract of a let-wana Railroad, extending to the east-north-near Alexandia, and has extended over a large east. The second is the Legget's Gap Rail- part of it. It has not affected every plantation ter to a gentleman in this town, it would seem that the present is a favorable time for re-open-road, extending to the north. The latter said in its course; some large plantations with, say o be the best adapted to the continuation of 200, or upwards, of slaves on it, and not a sinThe disease is said to be violent, and ing the books of subscription. Extract of a letter from a gentleman at the the Susquehanna and Delaware Railroad, it is gle case. o run a pretty direct route to the state line. The mortality greater than usual. It is, so far, I have heard of but one white and terminate near the termination of the Che confined to the slaves, and almost universally person, (except passengers from steamboats,) ango Canal, a state work now in progress into negro men. New-York. Another, and perhaps the best ex ension of the Delaware and Susquehanna that is Mrs. Thomas, wife of Major Isaac ThoRailroad, is from Pittston, up the Susque mas, who died with it suddenly on Friday last. anna river towards the western lakes. Or The Parish of Avoylle continues healthy-not P. G. V." Money is said to be plenty; confidence in the utility of railroads increasing, and the stock his route we meet, near the mouth of Tawan. a case has occurred in it, except a few from f all of them rising. The stock of the Sara."da river, large beds of bituminous coal, said to" steamboats. Yours, &e.

eastward to his friend in this town:

"I noticed in the Clarion since you left home. that the engineers are on the proposed route of the Lake Erie and Mad River Railroad. This summer will be as favorable a time to obtain subscriptions to the capital stock as there can

be.

sions.

[For the American Railroad Journal.]

appa

At the commencement, I remarked that I would show that Mr. Boyden had embodied in his last communication absurdities most gross.

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also published in this Journal." As to the sub- differ from the others; it is true the difference MR. EDITOR: Sir-Your patience seems like-ject inatter to which I alluded, it is predicated may be small, as in the above-mentioned expely to become tried by the numerous communi- on a thing accomplished; on practical results; riments, yet it is sufficient to know that there his remarks were theoretical, and were incon- can be no certain rule for any change of tempecations offered for publication in your Journal sistent in allusion to the subject, practically;rature, and the more particularly for the various on the subject of the "Guard Rail"; the con- the wrought iron rods, instead of being "nearly changes from, say 32 up to 20,000 and upwards; test, however, is not kept up by men who have or quite torn asunder," appearing as perfect in hence the necessity of relying on practical reexamined that description of rails, in full size form and strength, after having been incased sults. Besides, the difference he has alluded to, in cast iron, as before they were so used. Any between cast and malleable iron, is scarcely for use, and who require to witness practical difference in contraction and expansion, if there more than imaginary; it does not exceed, in results before they will hazard an opinion as to be any difference in contraction from high tem- a foot in length, one eighth part of an eighth of merits: all such persons who have examined perature, becomes accommodated the one to the an inch: so much, therefore, for speculative it, are not only satisfied as to practicability in other, while the rail is in its heated state, so objections, when in practice an inch rod, a foot manufacture, but of its utility in the construc- whether incased with one eighth of an inch or ture of "Guard Rails," would not only bear bethat rails containing the wrought iron rod, long, while in its heated state, as in the manution of permanent railroads. They could not an inch and a half of cast iron, are as perfecting drawn one eighth part of an eighth of an be other than convinced of its practicability in as castings without a wrought rod is it not inch, but it might be drawn down to more than manufacture—it has become self evident; cast- then inconsistent in its allusion to the subject, a thousand feet in length, to the size of a small ings being already made of various lengths, to attempt to theorise away practical results! wire, without affecting its texture, instead of from eight feet downward, with the wrought inconsistent with the statements of Mr. Sulli- to Mr. Boyden's views of tearing iron speculaHis statements, also, as I remarked, were" nearly or quite tearing it asunder," according iron rail incased, and of the most PERFECT van, when each and both were striving for the tively. DESCRIPTION of castings. The contest is same point-hostility to the "Guard Rail": for Mr. Boyden states that in his first communikept up, then, by whom? By men whose in- when alluding to the effect of incasing wrought cation on this subject, he "endeavored to reterests make manifest that they feel interested iron rods with cast iron, the one, after premis- present the truth fairly, without the least false ing reasons for his conclusions, says, "hence coloring." Endeavor, indeed! when in his last in the success of, or biassed in favor of, other the wrought iron bar may be nearly or quite communication he admits a known prevaricadescriptions of rails, and to such an extent that torn asunder without any extraneous force be- tion in his first, as will fully appear in the any improvement announced which bears a ing applied to the rail"—while the other says, course of my remarks. semblance of interfering with their favorite, it will be "loose in the bore ;" I therefore quote enough of their own words to show that they must be assailed by foul means, if there is no are not only inconsistent with each other, but prospect of success by fair means. The com- that both are wrong in their thoughts as to munication which calls for this reply appeared practical results, as will appear by the forego. * Alluding in your Journal of the 8th June, signed by ing paragraph, or on examining rails, in per- to the object in question, Mr. Boyden closes a Uriah A. Boyden. Mr. Boyden, in his fect form for use; and rails of that descrip- sentence with these words, viz. "the chief artion, and rails with the wrought rod exposed by guments which were at first urged in support of rently inflexible determination to oppose, SPE- the purposely breaking of the cast iron, are it, are now known to every intelligent engineer CULATIVELY, that which has ALREADY now publicly exposed for examination. to be groundless." The expression bears on BECOME ESTABLISHED PRACTICAL- Mr. Boyden, in his last communication, denies the face of it an absurdity; because, it is not to LY, wanders from that prudential course having stated in his first communication any be presumed that one engineer out of a hunwhich characterises writings by their delinea would be so closely bound that they could not ever of the arguments at first, or last, urged in thing like the idea that wrought iron bars dred, or a thousand, has any knowledge whattion of sound argument and judicious conclu-slip in the cast iron. It appears, however, support of it; besides, engineers and others, from his conclusions stated, very like the idea men of science, cautious and prudent, to avoid I have neither time to devote to, or inclina- that the wrought rod could not slip, as it would hasty and wrong conclusions, after critical exation to notice minutely, that description of require a strong hold to tear it “nearly or quite minations in its practical form for use, approve writings; neither do I see any use in explaining, applied to the rail." asunder, without any extraneous force being of it fully. I said his absurd remark, last above quoted, or of pointing out errors, to that description of But, as I before remarked, it does slip, if was intended for effect: if it have not the effect writers; for Mr. Boyden in his last communi- slipping be necessary to effect the object; and intended, it has the effect of indicating the descation remarks, that he has found none of that, too, while both are in a heated state, the cription of basis, upon which the mind of its that inconsistency of his (Mr. Sullivan's) stateone becomes so accommodated to the other as writer is actuated, in aiming at conclusions. to render castings perfect. The very great Therefore, as to the thoughts of such a writer, ments with his own, (Mr. Boyden's,) which Mr. contraction of cast iron between its heated and as to "editions" of rails, &c. they are unworthy Bulkley thinks or endeavors to make it ap-cooled state, would, among theorisers, present a consideration. In reply to his first commupear there is." I propose, therefore, at this difficulties in preparing moulds in such a man-nication, I stated wherein this rail differed time, again to allude to that point of incon-ner as to bring the various points in intricate from other descriptions of rails, yet the same sistency; and also to show that Mr. Boyden, in castings to their proper place for use; yet, point is again blendedly introduced into his last what seemed a difficulty in theory, is not so communication: he, most probably, at the same his last communication, admits of known per-practically. time, knowing or believing, according to the version in his first communication; and I will It is undoubtedly impracticable to lay down any best of his information, that there has been no also further show, that he has in his last com- accurate scale for determining the contraction attempt prior to my own for incasing wrought munication embodied absurdities most gross. and expansion of wrought iron or of cast iron iron within cast iron, so as to protect the generally, or of any uniform difference between wrought iron on all sides from exposure to In review, therefore, I will first quote the fol-different descriptions of iron at different tempe-corrosion, and at the same time to secure or lowing words, contained in his communication, ratures: iron made from some description of ore, guard the lower edge of the cast iron against wherein he stated, that Mr. Bulkley, in the being in its nature comparatively porous, other cracking; or, if by any means cracked crossfirst part of his reply to me, said he would show descriptions more consolidated, some compara-wise, to secure its segments, on the same prin. that my statements are inconsistent with each tively hard, other descriptions soft, brittle or ciple that the segments of an arch are secured other. This he has not done. I now call on flexible; difference in the nature of metals from falling by its abutments. It is true there him to redeem his pledge, by quoting the pas- causes difference in the extent of their contrac-are other patent rights of the same improvesages which are at variance." I deny having tion and expansion, so that an experiment made ment, but they are predicated on my own speciwritten any such words: he applies them to on one description of iron is no certain ex-fication, and on my own account in Europe; and himself, and they are original with himself. ample for another or other descriptions: it is, none by any other person, in this country or The inconsistencies which I alluded to in his however, sufficiently near for all practical pur- Europe, embracing the points of improvement first communication, I trust, were clearly shown poses; as, for instance, Mr. Boyden quoted se- above alluded to, which, with other points, are to the satisfaction of every consistent reader. veral experiments from English publications, particularly embraced in my specification. I would no longer take for granted the correct- as follows: viz. experiments at a difference of Mr. Boyden states, that "when malleable ness of words quoted, by such a writer; the temperature between 22 and 32 degrees; cast iron was first used for rails, it was not known words I did state are of entirely different im- iron, one experiment, 0011094 of its length; exactly how large the rails should be to bear port. I will repeat the words used in my first another experiment on cast iron, 00111 of its the insistent loads, and that, to ascertain this, communication on the said subject of inconsis-length; malleable iron, 001258: thus, there is rails were made of various sizes: some were so tency, which are as follows, viz. "U. A. B., in a difference in the results between the two ex- light that they bent, which solved the problem, sincere in his statements, is not only actuated periments of cast iron, consequently a greater so that it is now known what size they should by erroneous impressions, but his statements difference between one experiment than the be to support a load of a given weight, knowmanifest a want of consistency in allusion to other, compared with the malleable iron; and, ing the distance between the supports. In some the subject, and a want of consistency com- perhaps, if twenty experiments were made by instances, he adds, heavier loads have been pared with a previous statement on the same different persons, without reference to the re- transported over the roads than the rails were side of the subject, made by Mr. S., which was sults of each other, the result of each would designed to bear, which injured them." This

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ADVOCATE OF INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.

is a difficulty which all railroads will forever be liable to; and I have recently been informed, from good authority, that the like difficulty has existed, and does exist in action to an important extent, upon the rails of malleable iron, upon a famous modernly constructed railroad in England, notwithstanding the previous solving of such problem. I stated in the foregoing, that Mr. Boyden, in his last communication, admitted of known prevarication in his first. There is, perhaps, no single object in this country, or in England, in which greater expenditures are proposed-none from which greater benefits are anticipated-than that of railroads: hence its importance in every point of view. And consequently, the importance of designating between the opinion of a man who makes up his mind hastily, and in opposition to credibly asserted actual observation of results, and the opinion of a man who has become famous for impartiality, and respectful reference to observations of results by others; and of this last description of persons, no writer upon the subject of railroads, perhaps, ranks higher than Mr. Wood. Hence, to attribute harsh expressions to him, is not only injustice to him, but tends to deceive readers, by leading them to believe they have the opinion of an impartial man, when in point of fact it is only the opinion, shown by the expression itMr. self to be, of a passionately partial man. Boyden himself well knows the character of Mr. Wood, and says, in one part of his communication, "I will again quote Mr. Wood, as I know of no better authority on this subject."

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Now I will come to the point I have alluded to. In Mr. Boyden's first communication he stated, in order to counteract what I had quoted from English publications, in reference to the upper surface of malleable iron being liable to destruction, partly in consequence of the great weight of the wheels, which, being rolled upon the rails, extends the lamina composing their upper surfaces, and at length causes those Mr. Boyden. surfaces to break up in scales." I say, to counteract this (declared to be) practical result, stated, in his first communication. There has now been sufficient! as follows: " experience in the use of malleable iron rails to put this subject to rest;" and added, "Mr Wood, in the second edition of his Treatise on Railroads, page 45, speaks thus-It has been said by some engineers, that wrought iron rails exfoliate, or separate, in their laminæ, on that part which is exposed to the pressure of the wheel: this I pointedly deny, as I have closely examined rails which have been in use for many years, and on no part are such exfoliations to be seen.'"

Well knowing that Mr. Wood made no such hasty and apparently inconsiderate declaration, I called his, Mr. Boyden's, attention to it, presuming he had made an error in attributing And in his such expressions to Mr. Wood. last communication, instead of admitting it to have been an error, he remarked-" I knew it was a quotation from Stephenson."

It is generally well known that the wearing effect;" and adds, "its brittleness forms the away of rails is caused by an object or objects only source of reasonable objection." This which come in contact, chafing and fretting off brittleness, the only reasonable objection, was fragments. Any individual who may provide the cause of my improvement in incasing a himself with the two descriptions of iron, and malleable iron rod in the lower edge of the "Guard Rail," and, as I have before remarked, a file, can easily determine which of the two rail; by which it becomes denominated the kinds, with equal labor, can be fretted away "five times" as fast as the other. A malleable I have now rails eight feet long, perfect in form, iron rail may, comparatively speaking, be with wrought iron rods through the lower edge, quickly divided with a common fine-toothed from end to end, upon which ten tons on a saw; whereas a full-sized hard cast iron rail, single bearing has been applied, supports eight (and no others have been proposed,) would feet apart, without affecting the rail; and the probably resist the action of fifty or five hun-founder in this city, who made the experiment, dred such saws in succession. It was, no doubt, gave, as his opinion, that twenty tons at a single from this view of the subject, as to comparative bearing, would not affect them. These rails, hardness, that Mr. Wood, in his treatise, first Ame-with various others, are subject to inspection: a rican and second English edition, p. 147, predi- more particular description of which will be cated his remarks as follows: "It is considered found in the American Railroad Journal, Vol. of paramount importance inthe construction of a 2, No. 14, which description was made pursuant railroad, to form it of such materials as combine to various experiments, and predicated on pracstrength and durability with economy; cast iron, tical results; and nothing has appeared to vary R. BULKLEY. while its hardness presents a surface that oppo- the view of it, as there expressed, in any one ses little obstruction to the wheels of carriages, particular. I am, respectfully, yours, forms a substance which is also very durable, and resists the action of the wheels with great

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Mr. Simeon Brown's Method of moving Brick||it a distance of 68 feet. Shortly afterwards Buildings. [Communicated by the In-seven brick houses, at one time and by one set of apparatus, in Monroe street, each 24 ventor for the Mechanics' Magazine.]. REFERENCES-a a, timbers placed in dif- feet by 40; the numbers of the houses are ferent directions, according to the construc-118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, and 130. tion of the building, so that it may be per-Then nine brick houses, 25 feet by 40, situafectly secure; bbb, the slides; ecc, the ted in Avenue D, all raised 5 feet 2 inches, ways, on which the slides move; ddd, the by one operation; and a three story brick I forbear further reply in detail, except on pumps, (so named,) secured by chains to the house, 58 feet by 25, in Monroe street. The one point, viz.: Mr. Boyden, in his first comsentence in these ways, c c c, and containing the female screws, Church now situated in Sixth street, Greenmunication, concluded a no damage was done, not even so words-"It seems cast iron wears off about which are each provided with a shoulder, wich Village, he moved a distance of 1,100 five times as fast as wrought iron ;" and in my pressing against the end of the pump; e e e, feet, with the steeple, clock, pews, and all fixmuch as breaking a square of glass in either reply, I stated that "a man who would pen a the propelling screws, which are severally tures; sentence of the above description for public acted upon by a lever, f. MR. SIMEON BROWN, Eastern Hall, Man-of the windows. Mr. Brown informs us that, during the last inspection, might excuse himself by saying he was unacquainted with the nature of metals;"hattan Island, has, by the simple apparatus and added, "It is generally well known that as shown in the engraving, removed several 12 years, he has moved about 900 buildings, malleable iron is comparatively so soft that a common file will reduce it to fragments; where- brick houses, varying from one to three sto-400 of which had brick fronts, and about 40 The following description of the operaas cast iron, if cast on a chill, (and such was ries high. As we know that many people were entire brick buildings. declared to be the intention,) is of consistency are quite incredulous on this subject, we subit is from the fertile pen of Capt. Basil Hall, nearly or quite equal in hardness to steel, upon join a list of some few tenements that have tion Mr. Brown has handed us for insertion: which a file seems to make no impression." been moved by Mr. B. in this city. The first brick house Mr. Brown moved and is in every particular correct. "Every one has heard of moving wooden And in his last communication he attempts to substantiate his previous statement; but it ap- was situated at 85 Maiden lane; it is three pears to me to be a point, the common sense relative to which can be determined without stories high, and the size is 55 feet by 22. houses; but the transportation of a brick any reference to books, or experiments which A short time afterwards he lowered Rich-dwelling is an exploit of a different nature. may or may not have been made with a special mond Hill Theatre, a brick building, the wall I shall describe simply what I saw, and then 8 inches thick, size 50 feet by 42, and moved tell how the details were managed. In a view to some specific interested object.

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