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Nr. 4696. England und Frankreich,

ENGLAND und FRANKREICH.

-

Der französische Geschäftsträger Gavard stellt die unmittelbare
Kündigung des Handelsvertrages in Aussicht.

M. Gavard informed me to-day that he was instructed by M. de Rémusat to speak to me on the subject of the French Treaty, which might be denounced 28. Jan. 1872. to-day or to-morrow. He wished me clearly to understand that this step would be taken in no hostile sense to England. It was only a necessity created by the financial requirements of France, and it was not intended to use the powers given by this denunciation of the Treaty in any Protectionist sense. Nothing, he said, would be done beyond what had already been announced to the English Government, and possibly the imposition of a Customs duty upon a few articles merely for fiscal purposes. I asked M. Gavard whether he could tell me what these articles were. He said that he could not; but that the duties imposed would be of a purely fiscal, and not of a Protectionist character. || I told M. Gavard that Her Majesty's Government regretted the course adopted by the French Government, which had raised the question of the denunciation of the Treaty; but that, as I had often said, we desired that the denunciation should not affect the cordiality of our political relations. I added that, from

1 See Boiteau, Traités de Commerce de France avec l'Etranger, 1863.

the communication M. de Rémusat had received, he would not be surprised that Nr. 4696. England und a matter outside the Treaty, viz., the Law which had been passed on the mer- Frankreich, cantile marine, and the warehousing system, had caused Her Majesty's Govern- 28. Jan. 1872 ment great regret; and that, anxious as they were to agree with M. de Rémusat in his friendly assurances that protection was not the object of the French Government, I could not forget that which M. Thiers had said in his Presidential Speech to the Assembly, where he grounded the necessity of the chance. conclusively on the want of further protection to some interests. || .

...

Nr. 4697.

ENGLAND und FRANKREICH.

Lord Lyons an Earl Granville.
Unterredung mit Rémusat. [Auszug.]

He observed that he had in perfect good faith believed that the discussions Nr. 4697. England und which had taken place, and the questions which had been asked by Her Frankreich, Majesty's Government respecting the duties on raw materials and the compensa- 28. Jan. 1872. tory duties on goods, implied a recognition, on their part, of the principle involved. He had not at all understood that Her Majesty's Government had contracted any engagement on the subject, but he had thought, and he could not help still thinking, that the natural inference from all that occurred was that at any rate Her Majesty's Government did not reject the principle. || Thus, then, I observed, there were two inferences to be drawn from my note ... the first was, that Her Majesty's Government looked with apprehension to denunciation, in the belief that it would be a great step towards the final extinction of the Treaty; the second was, that as they agreed that the Treaty could be efficaciously denounced at any time, there was no cause whatever for precipitation on the part of the French Government. ||

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theilung einer Note Rémusat's. Unterredung mit dem französischen

Minister des Auswärtigen. [Auszug.]

I have the honour to transmit herewith to your Lordship copy of a note Nr. 4698. which I have received this morning from M. de Rémusat. . . . . . He makes no England und allusion to the statements addressed to the National Assembly by the President 29. Jan. 1872

Frankreich,

England und

Nr. 4698. of the Republic and the Minister of Commerce on the 15th instant. This omisFrankreich, sion reminds me that he mentioned cursorily in conversation with me yesterday 29. Jan. 1872. that he believed that it was received as a rule in England that the Government were not to be called to account by foreign Powers for any language they might use in Parliament. He would not, however, it is to be presumed, consider that foreign statesmen would err in looking for information respecting the views and intentions of a Government to speeches made in open debate by its principal members, and authentically published. Nor can it be supposed that if the information thus obtained should show a foreign Government that erroneous notions of their sentiments and conduct in an important matter had been formed, they would be wrong in offering explanations to remove the error. The rule, such as it is, would appear to be sufficiently observed, if, as in the notes from me to which M. de Rémusat is replying1, all direct reference to the statements in Parliament be avoided in the official communications. With regard, however, to the tax on raw materials, and to what have been termed in France compensatory duties, there is not perhaps at bottom much difference between the view taken in M. de Rémusat's note of the position of Her Majesty's Government, and that which Her Majesty's Government themselves take. || ||He pro

ceeds, indeed, to give an account of the communications between the two Governments, and endeavours to draw from it the conclusion that the French Government had reason to believe that the English Government admitted the principle of the French proposals. But this account, after all, shows no more than that Her Majesty's Government were willing to examine the details of any modifications of the Treaty desired for fiscal purposes by the French Government. Her Majesty's Government have always been willing to listen to such proposals, and are still willing to listen to them; but this is a very different thing from pledging themselves to agree to the proposals either in principle or in detail, or from sanctioning, before the Treaty is modified by mutual consent, any departure from its stipulations.

Beilage.

Note des Ministers de Rémusat an Lord Lyons. [Auszug.]

Versailles, le 2 janvier, 1872.

Le Gouvernement anglais . . . . nous a déclaré à plusieurs reprises qu'il était sincèrement disposé à assister la France dans ses nécessités financières.

1 Da diese Noten lediglich den Sinn der Depeschen wiedergeben, die Lord Lyons von Earl Granville erhielt, so haben wir sie nicht gebracht.

2 Das Datum ist in dem Blaubuch offen gelassen.

[Anm. d. Herausg.]

[Anm. d. Herausg.]

Nr. 4698.

England und

29. Jan. 1872.

Or, par quel autre moyen pouvait-il réaliser ces assurances que par son acquiescement à des créations ou à des augmentations de taxes sur des objets Frankreich, de commerce? Nous avons dû penser en conséquence que le Gouvernement anglais ne faisait nulle objection directe au principe de nos propositions. Et en effet, jamais la faculté de modifier les tarifs en relevant modérément la taxe de certains articles, jamais l'application que nous entendions faire du principe des droits compensateurs, ne nous ont été contestées. Si je me reporte soit aux entretiens que j'ai eu l'honneur d'avoir avec votre Excellence, ou aux explications qu'elle a échangées avec M. le Président de la République, soit aux pièces officielles émanées du Foreign Office, soit aux pourparlers dont les négociateurs français m'ont transmis la relation, aucune fin de non-recevoir n'a été opposée au fond de nos propositions, et nous avons été fondés à croire que toute la difficulté portait sur les moyens d'exécution, sur le choix des marchandises imposables, sur la quotité des tarifs, en un mot sur des questions particulières; et tels sont en effet les seuls points abordés dans une négociation qui a duré plus de sept mois. Jamais nous n'avons été autorisés à supposer que le Gouvernement anglais fût décidé à résister à toute modification à la lettre des Traités, ou qu'il repoussât l'application de l'Article IX au cas où des nécessités fiscales obligeraient l'une des Parties Contractantes à imposer chez elle les matières premières. Toujours nous avons eu lieu d'espérer qu'une entente parfaite pourrait s'établir entre nous sur les points en discussion. Cependant, et surtout dans ces derniers temps, le Gouvernement Britannique ne nous a pas laissé ignorer sa répugnance à souscrire à des stipulations qui pourraient paraître à un certain degré, non des progrès mais des pas retrogrades dans la carrière de la liberté des échanges; et il est vrai enfin que par une note du 1 novembre dernier, et pour la première fois, le Principal Secrétaire d'État de Sa Majesté Britannique pour les Affaires Etrangères ne nous a laissé qu'un faible espoir de mener à bien les négociations si vainement prolongées. Non qu'il ait retiré l'assentiment implicite accordé à l'admissibilité de nos bases de négociation, mais il nous a mieux fait connaître les considérations générales qui rendraient difficile au Gouvernement anglais de les accepter aujourd'hui. Sans renoncer à l'espoir de voir par des explications ultérieures 's'aplanir des difficultés que nous regrettons, et s'attester par des effets les dispositions bienveillantes dont nous avons reçu l'assurance répétée, la nécessité de recouvrer notre liberté fiscale et la faculté de recourir à toutes les ressources qui peuvent subvenir aux nécessités de nos finances nous détermineront à ne pas prolonger la durée des Conventions Commerciales qui nous lient avec l'Angleterre et dont le terme est arrivé. Nous avons longtemps désiré éviter la dénonciation du Traité du 23 janvier 1860; mais il nous a paru que le Gouvernement Britannique lui-même la préférerait à des modifications qui pourraient, du moins en apparence, coûter quelque chose à la rigueur de ses principes économiques. En dénonçant le Traité, nous n'entendrions nullement fermer la négociation, qui peut le renouveler en le modifiant. Jusqu'au jour où ses effets doivent expirer,

29. Jan. 1872.

Nr. 4698. elle resterait ouverte. D'ailleurs, en reprenant notre liberté nous n'aurions nulle England und Frankreich, intention de rouvrir une guerre de douanes. Les bases générales de notre régime commercial seraient respectées. La Grande Bretagne nous a souvent rappelé que le Traité de 1860, ou les Traités de Commerce en général, étaient contraires aux vrais principes de la liberté des échanges. Nous pensons donc qu'elle le verra expirer sans regret, si, comme nous en avons la ferme assurance, les bonnes et utiles relations qui unissent nos deux pays sont soigneusement maintenues. Nous acceptons avec une entière confiance la déclaration portant que l'Angleterre, fidèle à ses principes, ne reviendra jamais aux représailles douanières d'une autre époque, et quant à sa liberté fiscale elle n'avait pas besoin de nous rappeler qu'elle la recouvrerait par les mesures mêmes qui nous rendraient la nôtre. L'Angleterre et la France sont l'une et l'autre trop éclairées pour en abuser.

Nr. 4699. England und Frankreich,

Nr. 4699.

ENGLAND und FRANKREICH. Lord Lyons an Earl Granville. Bitte um Instruktionen, ob der Inhalt der Depesche Nr. 4695 der französischen Regierung mitgetheilt werden soll. [Extract.]

I had yesterday, at Paris, the honour to receive your Lordship's despatch of the day before, giving me information as to the views of Her Majesty's 9. Jan. 1872. Government with regard to the bearing of the Anglo-French Treaties upon the provisions of the Bill now before the Assembly for imposing taxes affecting French and foreign merchant-vessels. In this despatch your Lordship points out certain cases in which, according to those Treaties, some of the provisions of the Bill could not be applied. | Your Lordship does not instruct me to communicate the views expressed in this despatch to the French Government; and it is plain that it would be difficult to make a complete or perhaps even a perfectly accurate communication until the question of the extent to which we are entitled to claim the privileges granted by Treaty to other nations is determined. || Nevertheless, as it seems probable that the Bill will be passed to-morrow or the next day, and that it will be brought into operation as soon as possible afterwards, I have thought it right to inquire of your Lordship to-day, by a telegram from this place, whether you would wish me to communicate the substance of your despatch, so far as it goes, to the French Government at once, or to wait for further instructions. On the one hand, it might, perhaps, be more easy to prevent the improper enforcement of the law by representations beforehand than to obtain the correction of an erroneous application once actually made. On the other hand, an imperfect communication might lead to inconveniences and embarrassment in treating the matter afterwards. Your

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