Phylogenetic Methods and the Prehistory of LanguagesPeter Forster, Colin Renfrew McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2006 - 198 Seiten Evolutionary ('phylogenetic') trees were first used to infer lost histories nearly two centuries ago by manuscript scholars reconstructing original texts. Today, computer methods are enabling phylogenetic trees to transform genetics, historical linguistics and even the archaeological study of artefact shapes and styles. But which phylogenetic methods are best suited to retracing the evolution of languages? And which types of language data are most informative about deep prehistory? In this book, leading specialists engage with these key questions. Essential reading for linguists, geneticists and archaeologists, these studies demonstrate how phylogenetic tools are illuminating previously intractable questions about language prehistory. This innovative volume arose from a conference of linguists, geneticists and archaeologists held at Cambridge in 2004. |
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Seite 75
... Homoplasy and Borrowing Tandy Warnow , Steven N. Evans , Donald Ringe & Luay Nakhleh Part II Chronology. 1. Introduction The inference of evolutionary history , whether in biology or in linguistics , is aided by a carefully considered ...
... Homoplasy and Borrowing Tandy Warnow , Steven N. Evans , Donald Ringe & Luay Nakhleh Part II Chronology. 1. Introduction The inference of evolutionary history , whether in biology or in linguistics , is aided by a carefully considered ...
Seite 76
... homoplasy . When there is no homoplasy in a character , then all changes of state for that character result in new states . When all the characters evolve without homoplasy down a tree , then the tree is called a perfect phylogeny , and ...
... homoplasy . When there is no homoplasy in a character , then all changes of state for that character result in new states . When all the characters evolve without homoplasy down a tree , then the tree is called a perfect phylogeny , and ...
Seite 82
... homoplasy ( assuming all characters that are homoplastic have been successfully identified and deleted ) , the traditional approach of treating each bi- nary phonological character as being homoplasy - free can be used . Thus ...
... homoplasy ( assuming all characters that are homoplastic have been successfully identified and deleted ) , the traditional approach of treating each bi- nary phonological character as being homoplasy - free can be used . Thus ...
Inhalt
ead25mole bio cam ac | 6 |
Malagasy Language as a Guide to Understanding Malagasy History | 11 |
Rapid Radiation Borrowing and Dialect Continua in the Bantu Languages | 19 |
Urheberrecht | |
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Africa Albanian algorithms Anatolian Archaeological assumptions Bantu languages Bantu trees Bastin Bayesian binary Biology borrowing branch lengths Cambridge Chapter clade cladistics classification coded cognate cognate class cognate sets comparative computational correspondences data set data-cognate dating dialects distribution divergence Dyen East Bantu edge English estimates evidence evolutionary example Figure Forster genetic Germanic glottochronology Gray & Atkinson Greek guages Historical Linguistics Hittite Holden homoplasy Indo-European languages Indo-Iranian inference innovations islands language data language evolution language family lexical evolution lexical replacement lexicostatistics likelihood Malagasy Markov matrix maximum parsimony McDonald Institute McMahon meaning Molecular morphological Mycenaean Neighbor-Net Nichols nodes Pagel parameters phonetic phonological characters phylogenetic methods phylogenetic trees phylogeny posterior probability probability problem Proto-Indo-European rates of lexical reconstruction relationships Renfrew reticulations root semantic slot similar split splits graph statistical subgroups Swadesh Swadesh list telic tion Tocharian verbs vocabulary Warnow word lists zone