European Armies.-French. to twenty-five (or sixteen to forty-five, if the necessity of the republic be thought to require it), and to have these primary lists transmitted to your office, that you may forthwith transmit the same to the pub lic office of the minister of war at Paris. And this return you are required to make within four-and-twenty days of this date. September 1, &e. CARNOT, Minister of War. Art. 10. The prefect of every department, upon receiving the abo order, shall transmit to each of his sub-prefects a notice in the following form: Citizen Sub-Prefect-You are hereby ordered, within eight days of the date hereof, that is to say, on or before the 8th of September, to issue notices to all mayors and officers of municipalities and towns in your district, that they forthwith cause notices to be affixed to the doors of their town-houses or other public offices, requiring all the inhabitants, from sixteen to twenty-five, to enrol their names at the town house. And these lists you will cause to be returned to the office of the department on or before the 16th of September. September 1, &c. THE PREFECT. Art. 11. The sub-prefect, on receiving the above order, will issue to the mayors of the municipalities of his district the following notice: Citizen Mayor-You are hereby commanded to affix the following notice to the door of your town-house, or other public place: All French citizens, from the age of sixteen to twenty-five, are hereby required to come to the town-house, and enrol their names as defenders of their country: and this enrolment they are ordered to make on or before the 12th day of September; in default of which, their names will be enrolled from the parish registers, and common notoriety, and themselves subjected to the punishments hereafter men. tioned. And all parents, guardians, and others, are ordered to make. the enrolment of such of their families as shall be absent in any part of France or elsewhere, and to see that all their sons, whether absent or present, are duly registered, and to supply any omissions; in default of which, their sons will be declared outlaws, and themselves subjected to criminal prosecution. THE SUB-PREFECT. September 4, &c. European Armies.-French. Art. 12. After the primary list shall have thus been made out, the mayor and other officers of the town shall examine the list nominally, and verify it by its personal inspection and visitation. The list being thus verified and signed, shall be forthwith transmitted to the sub-prefect, and by him to the prefect, and by the prefect to the minister of war. Art. 13. No infirmity of any kind shall be admitted as an excuse for non-enrolment; all such cases of infirmity shall be personally seen and examined by the sub-prefect, and afterwards by surgeons appointed by the general of division of the district. Any sub-prefect certifying a case of infirmity without having personally examined it, or having examined it, falsely certifying, shall be subjected to a punishinent of five years in irons; and any individual falsely pretending such infirmity, or procuring any maim or disfigurement, shall be given over to the disposal of the government, and employed in irons for ten years in the public roads. Art. 14. These primary lists contain all those upon whom the country may call upon for its defence. Art. 15. The minister of war gives notice to the senate what number are annually wanted to repair the army, and when the senate shall have voted the required number, arranges according to the proportion annexed, the contingent of each department, and sends circular letters to the prefect to see this contingent levied within four-andtwenty days of the order sent. The prefect and his council, accor ding to their settled proportion, arrange the contingent of the districts, and send the same circular orders to their sub-prefects to raise these respective contingents; and within eight days of the date of the orders remitted, to transmit, their orders to the several municipalities.. The sub-prefects in their turn arrange the contingents of the municipalities, that within eight days of the receipt of such orders, or on the sixteenth day from the date of the order of the prefect, which is subjoined, they should proceed to the ballot.. Art. 16. On the day of the ballot, all those contained in the pri mary list shall be present in the principal town in the district, and the sub-prefect shall preside whilst the lots are drawing. So many billets or tickets of paper shall be numbered, as is the number of those on the primary list. The billets shall be numbered one, two, three, and so on to the denomination of the list. Every name in the primary European Armies.--British. list shall then draw successively, in person if present; if absent, by any. friend or relation, and in default of them, by the sub-prefect himself. Art. 17. The number in the primary list shall be divided into three, equal parts. Those who shall draw any of the tickets from the number one to the highest denomination of the first equal part, shall be the conscripts of the present year. Those who draw any of the num bers between the highest denomination of the first equal part, and the 'highest denomination of the second equal part, shall be the reserved conscription. The third equal part of the primary list shall be a fund whence to supply desertions, &c. The other articles are merely what we before mentioned in our former Number. They relate to the punishment of fraudulent reservements and concealments in officers and others, but will be continued in our next. (To be continued.) HISTORY OF THE BRITISH ARMY, FIRST LIFE GUARDS. It is our purpose under this head of the "History of the British Army," to exhibit a short historic memoir of the several regiments of the service. The Editor begs to request communications under this head. -The memoir for next month will be the Foot Guards. THE first military force in England, as in all the other nations of Europe, was composed of the feudal vassals. Reason, indeed, necessarily pointed out, that the possessors of the soil were bound to contribute to the common defence. A conquering army, therefore, no sooner became possessed of a country, than the conqueror par celled it out amongst his followers, adding to each allotment the natural and reasonable condition, that those who received it, should defend it. Such was the origin of the feudal system, under which a nation was merely an army encamped on their respective lands. The feudal system, however, was not calculated to continue. It was too heavy and too unwieldy to move according to the various European Armies.-British. necessities of national affairs. The kings soon found that they were at the head of a licentious mob, instead of a disciplined army. Accordingly, in a very early period of our monarchy, personal service was exchanged for a pecuniary contribution, and by the aid of this contribution, something in the shape of a regular army was levied or hired. Italy, the fertile mother of arts and arms, first produced the example of a regular army; that is to say, a body of men, who, leaving the plough and the loom, devoted themselves to war as a separate profession: The Condottieri assembled, by a voluntary levy, considerable bands of peasantary; instructed them in the use of arms, maintained them from their own revenues, and then hired them out to such princes as were willing to pay for their services. All the early wars of the continent were carried on by these mercenaries under the name of soldiers of fortune. Their manifest superiority to the feudal militia induced all the European princes, not only to encourage them, but to attempt something of the same kind in their own dominions. Accordingly, under Charles the 8th of France, in the year 1445, France had a regular standing army. France, in consequence, was about to become the mistress of Europe, and would doubtless have succeeded in this object of her ambition, had not the other European princes followed her example in the immediate adoption of regular armies, and comparative disuse of the feudal service and militia. During the civil wars of Charles of England and his parliament, the nation became habituated, by actual use and experience, to regu lar armies. On the restoration, Charles the Second, who had passed some years in the French court, introduced some new knowledge and potions, which tended to improve and confirm the system of regular armies. The princes of the house of Bourbon were the first sovereigns in Europe who adopted a body-guard; that is to say, a body of chosen troops to do the duties of the court and palace, and who in order to attach them more particularly to the service, received larger appointments, and many honorary distinctions above other military corps. In France, this chosen body of household troops was compo sed of the nobility and gentry of the court; their commander was European Armies.-British. always a prince of the blood; the officers were all noble, and they never took the field but when the King himself commanded in person. Immediately upon Charles the Second's return to England, he instituted the English life-guards, in imitation, and indeed in exact correspondence with the French Garde-du-corps. In this their first institu. tion, they were composed entirely of cavaliers and noblemen, and thereby, as well as from the honourable nature of their service, derîved a splendour and estimation, and acknowledged rank, which in a great degree they still retain. This body of gentlemen, however, were a few years since found too expensive for the plans of economy at that time on foot. They were accordingly reduced, and a new corps, composed of recruits under the old officers, raised to supply their place. The life guards, therefore, are nearly on the same footing with the other regiments of cavalry; retaining only their honorary precedence, a higher pay, and an exemption, with respect to the privates, from all stoppages. No recruits are taken under five feet ten inches high; but six feet is regarded as a requisite. If under six feet, they must be in a state of growth. No inlisting money is given. It is even a matter of favour to procure the admission of a young man, and discharges are very easily granted, that there may be vacancies to fill up. The uniform is scarlet, faced with blue and gold lace. The commissioned officers consist of a colonel, a lieutenant-colonel, a supernumerary-lieutenant-colonel, a major, a supernumerary-major, six captains, seven lieutenants, one adjutant and lieutenant, six cornets and sub-lieutenants, and a surgeon and veterinary surgeon. The noncommissioned officers consist of quarter-masters and corporals. The privates are about two hundred and fifty. Their quarters are Knightsbridge barracks. The following are the present officers: Colonel, Earl of Harrington; Lieutenant-colonel, Ter. O'Lochlin; Supernumerary lieutenant-colonel, F. S. Rebow; Majors, L. Bradshaw, Samuel Ferrier; Captains, Edward Davies, John Camac, John Whale, Frederick Hill, Montague Lind, Edward Kelly; Lieutenants, George Herbert, T. Berdmore, J. H. Davis, R. S. Adair, Joseph Kelly, C. T. Hall, Joseph Brecknell; Cornets and sublieutenants, John Chambers, A. H. Reid, .... .... Adjutant, .... Surgeon, J. Paternoster; Assistant surgeon, Thomas Davis; Veterinary-surgeon, S. Bloxham, Vol. 1. No. 3. CC |