It has been presumed that, in general, the student wonld pass from the smaller to the larger Grammar, before entering on the study of Ionic or poetic writers. As this, however, may not always be convenient, it has seemed best to add, in an Appendix, a synopsis of the most important forms of dialect, and a brief account of the principal kinds of verse. CONTENTS. 24 Endings INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT § 1 Adjectives 115 Comparison of Adj. 127 PART FIRST. Form., Compar., of Adverbs 132 133 Numerals 147 Alphabet 3 151 Vowels Paradigms of Verbs 159 Diphthongs 5 Elements of the Verb 196 Breathings 6 197 Consonants 7 204 Euphony of Vowels 14 Stem and Changes of Stem 210 Ņowels Interchanged 14 220 Vowels Lengthened 15 Signs of Voice, Tense, Mode 230 Vowels Contracted 17 235 Vowels Omitted 239 Euphony of Consonants 26 246 Consonant with Consonant 26 Formation of Tense-Systems 230 Consonant with Vowel 32 Present and Imperfect 250 Cons. with Vowel between 37 Future Active and Middle 252 Euphony of Final Sounds 38 First Aorist Act, and Mid. 253 Crasis 39 Second Aorist dct. and Mid. 254 Elision 40 Perfect and Pluperfect Act. 255 Movable Consonants 43 Perf., Pluperf., Fut. Perf., Mid. 258 Final Consonants 46 Aorist and Future Passive. 264 Syllables 48 265 Quantity 49 Systems of the pe-form 266 Accent 52 Enumeration of -forms 272 Punctuation 70 Verbs in ul of Eighth Class 273 PART SECOND. Verbs in ul of First Class 274 Second Aorists of wi-form 279 INFLECTION. Second Perfects of ul-form 280 Nouns 71 281 First Declension (A-Decl.) Classified List of Verbs 290 75 Second Declension (0-Decl.) 78 Special Formation of Verbs 82 300 Third Declension (Cons.-Decl.) 84 PART THIRD. 96 DERIVATION AND COMPOSITION. Liquid Stems 98 Derivation 301 Stems in o 101 of Substantives 308 Stems in i and v 103 of Adjectives 320 Diphthong Stems 104 of Verbs 327 Irregular Declension 108 of Adverbs 328 113 Composition of Words 329 . . . Local Endings PART FOURTI. SYNTAX, Object 'O as an Article . Two Accus. with one verb with Substantives in looser Relations Dative of Influence The Tenses Tenses of the Indicative Tenses in other Modes 337 The Modes 351 Finite Modes in Simple Sentences 355 in Compound Sentences 361 Indirect 374 Final 374 Conditional 376 Relative 384 Infinitive 384 Dependence of the Infin.. 388 Subject and Predicate 389 Participle 398 Attributive Participle . 401 Circumstantial Participle 402 Part. with Case Absolute 413 Supplementary Participle 424 Verbal Adjectives in téos 428 Relative Sentences 430 Attraction, Incorporation 431 Other Peculiarities. 432 Interrogative Sentences 438 Negative Sentences Particles 440 Conjunctions 446 Figures of Syntax 447 451 APPENDIX. 458/A. DIALECTS 464 B. METRES 464 465 GREEK INDEX 471 ENGLISH INDEX 487 493 501 507 511 521 525 526 535 538 538 539 541 545 548 551 551 559 564 569 579 581 595 ner, Cause of Place and Time Active 601 741 page 224 page 235 INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT, 1. The Greek language, as it was spoken and written by the inhabitants of Attica, is called the Attic DIALECT. It is seen in the works of Thucydides, Xenophon, Plato, Isocrătes, Aeschynes, Demosthènes, and other Athenian writers. From about the time of Alexander the Great, it was used as a common literary language by all the Greeks. Hence it is found in the works of Polybius, Strabo, Plutarch, Arrian, Lucian, and many others, who were not of Attic birth. As used by such writers, with more or less variation from the pure Athenian idiom, it is called the Common Dialect. Of the prose literature of Greece, all but a small fraction belongs either to the Attic, strictly so called, or to the Common dialect. It must be the object, therefore, of an elementary Greek grammar to describe the ATTIC GREEK, especially in its genuine form, as seen in the prose-writers of Athens. a. The works of the Athenian poets (the tragedies of Aeschýlus, Sophocles, Euripides, the comedies of Aristophănes) present many peculiarities of language. In their lyric parts, they show some Doric forms. The poets of all dialects make more or less use of Epic forms. 2. Among the other dialects the most important are - a. The Old Ionic or Epic, used by Homer, Hesiod, and the later epic writers. — b. The New Ionic, used by the bistorian Herodotus.-c. The Doric, used by lyric poets, as Pindar, and by bucolic (or pastoral) poets, as Theocritus. Beside these, may be named - d. The Aeolic (of Lesbos), seen in the lyric fragments of Alcaeus and Sappho. - e. The Hellenistic, a form of the Common dialect, seen in the New Testament, and in the LXX. or Septuagint version of the Old Testament. — f. The Romaic, or Modern Greek, the popular idiom for the last thousand years, found in written works since about 1160 A. D. 8C. NOTE TO THE LEARNER. - In the following pages, Hm. stands for Homer, Hd. for Herodotur ; — cf. is used for Latin confer (compare), for scilicet (to wit), — i. e. för id est (that is), - e. g. for exempli gratia (for example), - etc. for et cetera (and so forth). Other abbreviations will explain themselves. The alphabetical lists of verbs (in sections 300 and 740) contain some special abbreviations, which are described at the begin.. ning of section 300. The sign of equality (=) is sometimes placed between words, to show that they are substantially the same in form or meaning. The stems of words (see 71 and 196) are given without accents ; and so, generally, are words the existence of which is merely supposed, not proved by the use of Greek authors. |
0 Rezensionen Rezensionen werden nicht überprüft, Google sucht jedoch gezielt nach gefälschten Inhalten und entfernt diese Rezension schreiben |