130 SORTES. RACE OF STONE. DISCURSUS. [I 82-86 POPOSCIT 83 MOLLIA divin. II § 70 sortes eae, quae ducuntur, non illae, quae vaticinatione funduntur, quae oracla verius dicimus. ib. §§ 85-87 Cic. speaks of them with contempt. Apul. Iv 32 Apollo...sic Latina sorte respondit, after which follow elegiac verses. A favorite form of divination, by verses of poets Aug. conf. Iv § 5, or of the gospels, is condemned by Aug. ad Ianuar. II ep. 55 § 37 though qui de paginis evangelicis sortes ducunt, do better than if they consulted demons, still I disapprove the practice of seeking to employ for worldly business the divine oracles which speak on account of another life'. This form of sortilege was practised among the methodists Lackington's autobiogr. 53. T. Gataker of the nature and use of lots, Lond. 1619, 4to. Hofmann and Pitiscus sortes. Drak, on Liv. v 16 § 8. Preller röm. Mythol. 561. K. F. Hermann gottesd. Alterth. § 39 15, 16. Pauly II 1154. vi 1328. Suet. Vesp. 5. Verg. Aen. 111 456 oracula. Sil. 1 121 responsa. Ov. m. 1 400-2, 407-8 saxa... | ponere duritiem coepere suumque rigorem mollirique mora mollitaque ducere formam |.... quae tamen ex illis aliquo pars umida suco | et terrena fuit, versa est in corporis usum. SAXA Pind. O. IX 65-71 42-46 (Cary) descending from Parnassus' head, | Pyrrha with Deucalion rear'd | a mansion first; and straight appear'd, without the bed, the race of stone; | hence by like name through Grecia known, ὁμόδαμον | κτησάσθαν λίθινον γόνον· | λaoì 8' ¿vbμao@ev. Epicharm. in schol. ib. gives the same derivation; an unknown poet ibid. ἐκ δὲ λίθων ἐγένοντο βροτοί, λαοὶ δὲ καλεῦντο. Verg. ecl. 6 41 lapides Pyrrhae iactos. g. 1 62 what time first Deucalion vacuum lapides iactavit in orbem, | unde homines nati durum genus. Apollod. I 7 2 § 6 gives the explanation λαοὶ μεταφορικῶς ὠνομάσθησαν ἀπὸ Toi Xâas, ỏ Xos. Colum.x65—67. Ov. m. r411−4 saxa | missa viri manibus faciem traxere virorum, | et de femineo reparata est femina iactu. inde genus durum sumus experiensque laborum. Iustin 11 6 § 11 has a rationalistic version; the deluge drowned the bulk of the Greeks, some escaped to the mountains, others on rafts to Deucalion king of Thessaly, a quo propterea genus hominum conditum dicitur. Alcimus Iv 3-7 fabula mendax victuros lapides mundum sparsisse per amplum | Deucaliona refert, durum genus unde resumpti | descendant homines, cunctisque laboribus apti saxea per duram monstrent primordia mentem; the whole book is on the deluge. A. Humboldt zu Schomburghs Reise 35 seq. (cited by J. G. Müller) reports a Carib legend from the Orinoco: in the flood a man and a woman who escaped to the peak of mt. Tamanacu, threw over their heads fruits of the Mauritia palm, which became men and women and repeopled the earth. Stesimbr. in Etym. m. 'Idaîo Zeus commanded his nurses to take dust and throw it behind them, whence sprung the Idaean Dactyli. 84 cf. for the scoff 10, 11, II 149 seq. ш 12. IV 36. XIII 38-52. xvi 4. NUDAS XI 170. Rigalt de P. loquitur, ut de lena quadam. Suet. Aug. 69 Cas. condiciones quaesitas per amicos, qui matres familias et adultas aetate virgines denudarent atque perspicerent, tamquam Thoranio mangone vendente. 85 VOTUM TIMOR IRA VOLUPTAS Aen. vi 733 hinc metuont cupiuntque, dolent gaudentque. Varro in Serv. there, upon the four cardinal passions. 86 DISCURSUS Sen. ad Ser. de ot. 6 § 5 discursus et sudor. brev. vit. 3 § 2 officiosa per urbem discursatio. 14 § 3 isti qui per officia discursant, qui se aliosque inquietant, cum bene insanierint, cum omnium limina cotidie perambulaverint nec ullas apertas fores praeterierint, cum per diversissimas domos meritoriam salutationem circumtulerint, quotum quemque ex tam immensa et variis cupiditatibus districta urbe poterunt 86-89] FARRAGO. ET. AVARITIAE SINUS. HOS ANIMOS. 131 videre? Tac. a. IV 74 Romae sueti discursus, et magnitudine urbis 87-93 When was vice more rampant? avarice more greedy? the spirit of gaming so fierce? for our gamesters stake no longer a single purse, but their all upon the cast; their stewards act the squires in the battle of the dice and coin: 'tis madness on madness to lose 100 sestertia, and cheat your shivering lackey of his livery. 87 ET QUANDO on et in indignant questions see Mühlmann col. 838. 89 HOS ANIMOs habuit? Lucan VIII 541-3 o superi, Nilusne et barbara NEQUE ENIM VII 59. 132 LOCULI. CASUM TABULAE. DISPENSATOR. [I 89–92 money (x 46. xI 38. Hor. s. 1 3 17. п 3 146. ep. n 1175. Mart. v 39 7 excussi loculosque sacculumque. Sen. de rem. fort. 10 § 3 'Magnam pecuniam habet.' hominem illum iudicas? arca est: quis aerario, quis plenis invidet loculis? et iste, quem dominum pecuniae existimas, loculus est. n. q. 1 31 § 1. 52 § 1. Suet. Galb. 12. Apul. m. iv 16. dig. XXXIII 8 23 § 1), jewels (Iuv. XIII 139), keys (Plin. XIV § 89), rings (VM. VII 8 § 9) and the like, as in our desks. It was locked dig. xxxII 52 § 9, and sometimes sealed Plin. 1. c. Caes. ap. Charis. 1 79 K. locellum tibi signatum remisi, where obs. the sing. It was made of ivory (Ov. f. vi 749. Mart. XIV 12) or wood (ib. 13. one of ebony Apul. de mag. 61, 62). COMITANTIBUS often used, as comites vi 107, of lifeless companions. See Scheller. 90 CASUM throw, πTŵσis Kúßwν, and thence chance, which is of the same root, cadentia. TABULAE Paulus 8 1 alveolum, tabula aleatoria. A board 3 or 4 ft. x 3 ft. Plin. xxxvII § 13, with a raised margin; some still exist Marquardt v (2) 427. Salm. in a learned note on Vopisc. Proc. 13 pp. 735-761 cites Táßλns Túxas, raßλíger, tablista, and understands the ludus duodecim scriptorum; but all the terms here used are general, including every game in which dice are used. POSITA SED LUDITUR ARCA they stake the strong box on the game Plaut. Curc. 354-6 talos poscit sibi in manum, | provocat me in aleam, ut ego ludam. pono pallium: ille suum anulum opposivit. Verg. ecl. 111 36. ARCA here )( loculis. x1 26n. )(sacculus. 91 PROELIA anthol. 915 7-9 M. composita est tabulae nunc talis formula belli, cuius missa facit tessera principium. | ludentes vario exercent proelia talo. Suet. Aug. 70 epigram on A. during the war in Sicily, postquam bis classe victus navis perdidit, | aliquando ut vincat, ludit adsidue aleam. DISPENSATORE cashier, paymaster, vII 219 qui dispensat. Macrob. 11 4 § 31 a Graeculus used to offer Augustus a Greek epigram as he came down from the Palatium. One day A. seeing him, scribbled a Greek epigram himself and tossed it to him. The Greek legendo laudare, mirari tam voce quam vultu; drawing out a few denarii he gave them to the emperor, saying, 'By thy fortune, Augustus, εἰ πλέον εἶχον, πλέον ἐδίδουν, secuto omnium risu dispensatorem Caesar vocavit et sestertia centum numerare Graeculo iussit. Petron. 30. Quintil. decl. 345 ad summum in re publica nostra honorem non animus, non virtus, non manus mittit, sed arca et dispensator. dig. x1 3 16. Friedländer 13 113. Becker Gallus r3 118. The word like dispendium, pensio, pound, stipendium recalls the time when money was weighed for every payment Varr. 1. 1. v § 183. Plin. xxxIII § 43. Gaius I VIDEBIS V 25 n. 92 ARMIGERO 122. here the coins are the weapons; in xiv 5 the dice. SIMPLEXNE FUROR XIV 284 non unus mentes agitat furor. Plin. II § 200 of an earthquake nec vero simplex malum aut in ipso tantum motu periculum est, sed par aut maius ostento. The frenzy of the churlish spendthrift, cf. v 115 dives tibi, pauper amicis, is manifold. Hor. s. II 7 70 o totiens servus. FUROR II 18. VIII 97 n. XIV 136. Very frequent, as also morbus, insanus, insania etc. of moral disorders, See ind. Luc. Plin. Mühlmann, furor lucri etc. SESTERTIA CENTUM Suet. Aug. 17 A. to Tiberius, we have spent the Quinquatrus pleasantly enough; lusimus enim per omnes dies forumque aleatorium calfecimus. Your brother made a great clamour, but finally perdidit non multum, and gradually retrieved his heavy losses beyond his hopes. Ego perdidi viginti milia nummum 92-94] TUNICAM REDDERE. TOTIDEM VILLAS. FERCULA. 133 meo nomine, after having been lavishly generous in playing, as I usually am. For if I had enforced the throws, manus, which I allowed to be revoked, or had kept all that I gave away, I should have won, vicissem, even 50,000.' 93 ET... NON II 140-1. Mühlmann HORRENTI TUNICAM NON REDDERE SERVO Pers. 1 54 scis comitem horridulum trita donare lacerna. Iuv. 1x 68 quid dicam scapulis puerorum aquilone Decembri? I 834-5. TUNICAM VI 477. Plaut. Amph. 368. Hor. s. 11 8 70 praecincti recte pueri. Sen, de brev. vit. 12 § 5. Free labourers also wore the tunic alone Hor. ep. 17 65 tunicato... popello. Rich, companion. Cato r. r. 59 (60) recommends an allowance of one tunic of 3 ft. and 1 sagum to each slave every two years; the old ones to be returned, in order to be made up into REDDERE often does not imply giving back; in Lucr. to assign as a property Munro on 11 96, add II 512. Hor. a. p. 9. Here, as with epistulas, mandata, legata the word, like its derivative 'render,' means to give as in duty bound Oud. on Suet. Tib. 16. centones. 94-126 Our forefathers built fewer mansions, nor dined in solitary state on 7 courses; [their board was at once hospitable and frugal]; now a scanty dole is set out to be scrambled for by the crowd of retainers in full Roman costume [costly and cumbrous] at the utmost threshold [for they may not venture further]; yet [sorry as the largess is] the patron scans your face with a jealous eye, fearing imposture; satisfy him of your identity, and you will receive. He bids the crier invite the very flower of Rome's nobility, who date from Troy itself, for they too throng the threshold with us poor. Each in the order of his rank; praetor first, next tribune.' But a freedman cries: First come, first served; why should I fear to hold my ground, though a Syrian born, as the tell-tale windows in my ears would prove, if I cared to deny it? But five shops' rents bring up my estate to the knight's four hundred; what is Corvinus the better for his laticlave, if he is fain to keep a grazier's flocks at Laurentum, while I am wealthier than Pallas and Licinus?' Let tribunes wait, let not him make way for their sacred persons, who but late had come to Rome with pipe-clayed feet [a slave for sale in the market], for wealth is the one god we worship, though Money may not yet dwell in temples, nor altars smoke to Cash, as Peace Faith Victory Virtue are adored, and Concord [whose stork] after greeting her nest hovers over it clattering. But when a consul at the year's end casts up the proceeds of the dole, when the dole has a column to itself among a consul's receipts, what are poor clients to do, to whom the dole alone brings firing, food and clothing? a crowd of litters [of the great and noble] claims the hundred mites,' and the wife bedrid or pregnant is borne after her husband. One, a master of the craft, shews an empty chair, with curtains closed: "Tis my wife Galla; keep a lady waiting! Galla, shew yourself; nay, don't rouse her, she will be asleep.' 94 QUIS avus. EREXIT VILLAS X 225. XIV 86-95 n. 275 centum villas. Mart. vII 73 asks one who had houses on the Esquiline and Aventine, in the vicus patricius, near Cybele's temple and near Vesta's, near the old and the new Iuppiter, dic, ubi conveniam: dic, qua te parte requiram? | quisquis ubique habitat, Maxime, nusquam habitat. Plin. XVIII § 32 the estate of Lucullus could not contain his villa. Sen. ep. 90 § 25 capacia populorum tecta. § 43 the ancients non habebant domos instar urbium. TOTIDEM FERCULA V 80-83. vII 184. x1 64. Prop. v=IV 4 76. Hor. s. II 6 104. See the order of courses ib. 8 10, 42, 85. Philo vit. contempl. 6 11 479 M. 'seven tables and more are brought in, charged with all products of land 134 FERCULA CENTUM. SECRETO. SPORTULA. [I 94 95 and sea and rivers and air. Augustus Suet. 74 gave 3 fercula, or at the utmost 6. Pertinax Capitol. 12, before he was emperor, never exceeded 3. Sen. ep. 95 § 18 multos morbos multa fercula fecerunt. ib. § 27 of a made dish multorum ferculorum ornamenta coeant et cohaereant. 122 § 3 licet epulis et quidem in multa fercula discretis totum perversae vigiliae tempus educant. n. q. iv 13 § 6 distentos copia ferculorum ac varietate comessatio altius mersit. ib. 11 18 § 2 cited on iv 59. Petron. 21 excepti...pluribus ferculis cum laberemur in somnum. Calpurn. 4 167. The courses were served up in succession Petron. 35 seq. Plin. XXXIII § 136. Lamprid. Elag. 25. Elagabalus ib. 30 once gave a dinner of 22 courses, the guests bathing after each; at another time the several courses were served at the houses of several friends, the guests passing from one to the other (here missus and fercula are used as equivalent). Ferculum (fericulum from fero) is a waiter; one in Petron. 35, 36 contained 12 several dishes of meat, fish, fowl, fruit and vegetables, arranged on the signs of the zodiac; the company seeming disappointed, the upper part of the ferculum was removed, and rarer dainties (capons, hares, sow's paunch, fish with rich sauce) appeared beneath. Marquardt v (1) 335—6. Becker Gallus 3 232-3. On the ancient simplicity see x1 77-89. Cato ap. Serv. Aen. 1 726 cl. 637 et in atrio [i.e. not secreto] et duobus ferculis epulabantur antiqui. On the various laws which from the lex Orchia B.c. 181 (?) downwards endeavoured to restrain the amount spent in feasting, the number of guests, the kinds of provision, see Rein in Pauly vi 1507-11. VM. п 9 § 5. Gell. II 24. Plin. x § 139. Macr. II 13. Tert. apol. 6. Paulin. vit. Ambros. 1 barley bread is sweet even to those, qui centenis vicibus ferculorum quotidiani convivii copias ructare consuerunt. 95 SECRETO 135-141. VM. 11 5 § 5 the simplicity of the ancient diet, maximis viris prandere in propatulo verecundiae non erat, nec sane ullas epulas habebant, quas populi oculis subicere erubescerent. Suet. Aug. 70 cena quoque eius secretior in fabulis fuit, at which the guests wore the habit of the 12 gods and goddesses. Epicurus in Sen. ep. 19 § 10 choose your company first, and then your provision. For it is a lion's life or a wolf's to gorge without a friend,' sine amico visceratio. Lucian epist. Sat. 34 has the same comparison. Plut. qu. conv. VIII 6 5 § 2 p. 726 derives cena from Kolos, prandium being a solitary, cena a social meal; mensa too § 5 áπò τῆς ἐν μέσῳ θέσεως. VII pr. § 1 p. 697 a Roman who dined alone said, 'he had eaten that day, but had not dined.' Ameipsias in Athen. 8 e epp' ès κόρακας μονοφάγε καὶ τοιχώρυχε. St. Chrysostom was accused Phot. cod. 59 p. 19 a 1 B. ὅτι τὴν φιλοξενίαν ἀθετεῖ, μονοσιτίαν ἐπιτηδεύων. For the thought cf. Hor. c. 11 15 13,14 privatus illis census erat brevis, commune FERCULA CENAVIT Hor. ep. 1 15 34 patinas. magnum. SPORTULA 118, 128. originallyσrupís, a wicker basket in which the poor carried away their portion of meat from a visceratio or public entertainment with sacrifice. By Nero Suet. 16 publicae cenae ad sportulas redactae; i. e. he substituted for a seat at the feast a portion of meat, which was soon commuted for a sum of money. Suet. Claud. 21 extraordinarium et breve dierumque paucorum [munus], quodque appellare coepit sportulam, quia primum daturus edixerat, velut ad subitam condictamque cenulam invitare se populum; where sp. is used (as in Mart. VIII 50 10 promissa est nobis sportula, recta data est) of a slight, hasty meal. Domitian Suet. 7 sportulas publicas sustulit, revocata rectarum cenarum consuetudine; i. e. in large, public entertainments he forbad the distribution of money. Private patrons complied with this rule; but it is |