contain the oil upon it as a piston, which shall be so constructed as to either ascend the tube called the candle part, (or suffer the tube or candle part to move either up or down over the said plug or piston,) for the purposes of raising or forcing the oil so as to ascend to the upper part of the tube, or candle appearance of the machine, called Proctor's Patent Spiral, Argand, and Candle Lamp,

in

This machine or candle-lamp may be applied to one or more lights in one instrument or machine, or to the working part of my machine, so as to lubricate it, or prevent wearing of the parts by friction. And the above machine for lights is intended to wear a similar appearance to common mould or wax candles, mounted or fitted any kind of sticks. The body of the candlesticks may contain the screw of either male or female, for the purposes of being attached to the candle part, or containing the oil; in such case the candle part must act as counter or contrary screw to that of the body of the stick, and must fit each other, so as to give the mechanical motion, or if without the spiral screw the ascent of the piston or descent of the candle passing up or down each other through plain tubes, vertically or artificially spiral, either with or without springs or collars to steady their motion, Observe to dress the lamp with oil and cotton, and unscrew the top of the candle.

In witness whereof, &c.

Specification

Specification of the Patent granted to JOSEPH CUFF the younger, of Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex, Cheesemonger and Bacon Merchant; for Machinery for the more easy, expeditious, and better Method of slaughtering Hogs, Bullocks, and other Cattle, whereby much Labour will be saved, and the Flesh of such Cattle greatly improved in Quality, and will be more easily and better cured and preserved. Dated Aug. 25, 1808, With a Plate.

• To

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c. NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I the said Joseph Cuff the younger do hereby declare that the nature of my said invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and ascertained as follows; that is to say:

In the drawings hereunto annexed, Fig. 1 (Plate VII.) denotes and exhibits the whole of my said machinery, except the front of the sty or pen in which the animal is in the first instance confined, as hereinafter mentioned, (the said front being supposed to be taken away in order to shew the lower part of the inside of the said sty or pen); and Fig. 2 denotes a vertical section of the said machinery, seen endways; and Fig. 3 denotes a section or plan of the said machinery; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6 denote certain instruments; and in all the same drawings the same letters of the alphabet are applied to denote the same parts or things,

The letter A denotes a piece of machinery, which may be of any convenient and well-known construction, to give purchase or mechanical advantage to the man who is to be employed in raising the animal to be slaughtered. In the drawing the winch and barrel is

the

the form adopted, having a ratchet wheel and click to hold, and a lowering bar or lever a, which is to be pressed against the wheel 6 when the animal is to be lowered. BBB is the rope or fall of a tackle, which proceeds from the barrel, and is reefed through the blocks of the tackle by which the animal is raised up. C represents an animal when first hoisted. D a boy, who hooks the eye of the double sling O upon a hook I or K, at which time the man at A lowers, and the beast becomes suspended, as at E. M M M is a row of hooks,

apon one of which a guy rope from the strap of the upper block is hooked, according to the position in which the tackle is required to be worked. N is a sling, which is to be put round the leg of the animal F, and then hooked to the double sling O, of which last description of slings a sufficient number are hung in readiness upon the hooks H, by means of which the animal is confined, and in readiness for the tackle, in case there should be any occasion to wait. LL is a pole or piece upon which the tackle can be slided and made to stay in any required position. PP in the section and plan, Figs. 2 and 3, denote the front wall or limiting partition of the pen or sty, with a roller at top, to impede the escape of the animal, by throwing him back in case he should make a leap.

Fig. 6 is a hook or staff, or instrument for performing the office of the boy at D, of hooking and unhooking, which may, if preferred, be done by the man in the pen or sty. GGG, &c. are bays or recesses constructed along the wall, in which the several animals or carcases hang separately and apart from each other. The same may be made of wood, properly framed, and of proper dimensions and workmanship; or any other

1

1

upon

fit material may be used for this purpose; and the proceeding or manner of using the said machinery in my method of slaughtering is as follows: one man is suffieient to remain in the sty; and the same man, the introduction of one or more of the animals into the same, puts the sling N round one or both its hind legs, and hooks the same to the double sling O, and to the tackle, after which the man at the tackle hoists it up into the bay, whilst the sty-man proceeds without delay to secure another animal. The boy is also employed in hooking the eye of the double sling upon one of the rows of fixed hooks; after which the man at the tackle lowers, and the boy then shifts the position of the tackle to the next bay, and overhauls it for the next hoist. During these proceedings the styman has put the knife into the suspended animal, and is ready for the tackle, which he hooks as before to the second animal, and in this manner the operation is carried on without intermission, or the possibility of acci-. dent, and with much fewer men than would have been required for the same business in the common way of slaughtering. And the same tackle, with or without the addition of a leading rope or tackle duly situated, is also used for removing the carcases to the proper situation for preparing and dressing them for the market. And, lastly, I do declare that the said machinery and apparatus hereinbefore described, may be considerably varied in the dimensions from situation and materials thereof, as circumstances may require, but that the said variations may be easily adopted and made by any workman of competent skill for constructing and making the said or the like machinery or apparatus.

In witness whereof, &c.

Specification