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ple). Barton J. S. Liverpool, merchant, Kinder S Heafield, Derby, clothier, (Cooper and Co. Southampton-buildings, (Jackson and Co. Stamford). Chancery-lane).

Lockwood G. Huddersfield, woollen

Davies S. and P. Drayton in Hales, Sa- draper, (Taylor, Manchester). lop, bankers, (Butterton, Market Drayton). Mobbs S. Southampton, milliner, (MaDavis H. Warminster, grocer, (Davies, son, St. Michael's Churcy-yard). Marriott Lothbury). Dawson J. Tottington, Bury, J. Burnley, Lancaster, cotton-spinner, Lancashire, innkeeper, (Wigglesworth, (Hurd, King's-Bench-Walks). Marshall Gray's-Inn-square). Douglass J. Lough- T. Scarborough, vintner, (Bousfield, Bouborough, Leicester, merchant, (Bleasdale verie-street). Mills J. and Rich J. merand Co. New Inn). Dewhurst P. Preston, chants, Lewes, (Pember, Great CharlotteLancaster, slater, (Bleasdale and Co. New- street). Inn). Dutton W. Liverpool, grocer, Three Crown-court, Southwark). Pearson Poore J. Mill lane, lighterman, (Lee, (Blackstock, St. Mildred's-court). Edwards W. Bristol, cordwainer, (James, Co. Bow-lane). Pickwood G. Cloak-lane, T. South Shields, shipwright, (Bell and Gray's-Inn-square). Etty S. Oxford, wine- merchant, (Godmond, New Bridge-street). merchant, (Moore, Bow-lane). Raistrick S. Idle, in the parish of CalverFraser T. Well-street, coach-spring ma- ley, York, clothier, (Evans, Hatton garnufacturer, (Pinero, Charles-street, Caver- den). Rogers S. Chepstow, stationer, dish-square). Frost T. Leadenhall-street, (Swain and Co. Old Jewry). stationer, (Evitt and Co. Haydon-square). Stone T. Wilton, Hereford, cornfactor, German W. Bristol, tiler, (James, Gray's. (James, Gray's Inn). Smith J. Eevsham, Inn-square). Glazier E. Lea-Bridge, pub- Worcester, innholder, (Eousfield, Bouvelican, (Tebbutt and Co. Gray's-Inn-square) Bread-street, silk-mercers, (Carpenter and rie-street). Sampson S. and Chipchase C. Harvey R. Woolwich, baker, (Allan, Co Basinghall-street). Smith J. and C. Frederick's-place). Haydon L. Edgeware- Bath, plane-manufacturers, (Shephard and Road, merchant, (Hall, Colman-street). Co. Bedford-row). Sellars B. Little MulHeaven W. Nailsworth, Gloucester, clo- ton, Lancaster, innkeeper, (Hurd, Temthier, (Pullen, Fore-street). Harrison J. P. ple). Smith J. Nottingham, mercer, (BaxSt. Bees, Cumberland, cotton-manufactu- ters and Co. Furnival's-Inn). Sampson rer, (Milne and Co. Temple). Hayes J. W. Liverpool, flour-dealer, (Shephard and Oxford, grocer, (Young, West Smithfield). Co. Bedford-row). Hunt J. Liverpool, haberdasher, (Blackstock, St. Mildred's-court).

Tomlinson W. Toxteth Park, near Liverpool, merchant, (Shephard and Co. BedJacob M. Berner-street, Commercial ford-row). Tanner T. Barnstaple, moneyRoad, dealer in foreign spirits, (Lyon, So- scrivener, (Bremridge, Common-Pleas Ofmerset-street). Jefferys H. Malcomb Re- fice, luner Temple).

gis, linen-draper, (Syddall, Aldersgate-st.). Willson R.H. Wakefield, factor, (Taylor, Johnson J. Clifton, Gloucester, coach- Southampton-buildings). Woolf J. Livermaker, (Bigg, Hatton-garden). Jenkins pool, merchant, (Blackstock, St. Mildred's. E. Bath, victualler, (Norton, Furnival's court).

Inn).

PRICES OF CANAL, DOCK, FIRE-OFFICE, and WATER WORKS, SHARES, &c. &c.-Jan. 21, 1809.

London Dock Stock, 118. per Cent.
West-India ditto, 164/ ditto.

[share.

East-India ditto, 1257. ditto.
Commercial ditto, 135/. ditto.
Grand Junction Canal Shares, 130. per
Grand Surrey ditto, 607. ditto.
Thames and Medway ditto: old shares 457.
new at 66. per share premium.
Kennett and Avon ditto, 47. per share pre-
mium.
[per cent.
Globe Fire and Life Assurance Shares, 1127.
Albion ditto, 21. per cent. prem.
Hope ditto, 218. per share prem.
Eagle ditto, par.

Atlas ditto, ditto.

Imperial Fire Assurance, 41. per cent. pm.
Kent ditto, 45 gs. per share.

London Assurance Shipping, 217. per share.
Rock Life Assurance, 4s. to bs. per share
premium.

Commercial Road Stock, 1167, per cent.
London Institution, 841. per share
Surrey ditto, 331. ditto.
[prem.
South London Water-works, 401. per share
East London ditto, 461. ditto.
West Middlesex ditto, 261. ditto.
Lower Navigation of the Medway, pays 51.

per cent. per annum-907. ditto.
Golden Lane Brewery-997. ditto.

L. WOLFE and Co. Canal, Dock, & Stock Brokers.

TH

AGRICULTURAL REPORT.

HE long continuance of the frost, and the floods that have succeeded the late sudden thaw, have checked the appearance which the favourable state of the weather had previously promised. The state of the ploughed lands, especially in the fenny countries, is very backward, and the sowing, in some districts, must be considerably retarded. The intention of several forward husbandmen to begin, upon the dry soils in Kent and Essex, the new year with dibbling Mazzigan beans, has been, in some measure, thwarted by the weather. The same cause has still prevented much from being done in husbandry, beyond the ordinary operations of clearing farm-yards, and disposing of the manure. The turnip crops will fall short. Winter tares are still backward. Potatoes are upon the rise. Report states, that the loss of lambs in the snow has been considerable. The meat market continues to have an abundant supply of prime beef and mutton; and the decline of the silly affectation of rearing over-fat cattle, has manifestly contributed to a better supply of well-fed cattle than usual. Veal has been rather scarce, and dear of course. Wool continues to increase in price. Prices of Meat in Smithfield Market-beef, 4s. 4d. to 5s. 8d.-mutton, 4s, 8d. to 6s.veal, 6s. 6d. to 7s. 6d.-pork, 5s. 4d to 6s. 4d.

Middlesex, January 25.

AVERAGE PRICES OF CORN,

By the WinchesterQuarter of 8 Bushels, and of OATMEAL per Boll of 140lbs. Averdupois, from the Returns received in the Week ended Jan.21, 1809.

INLAND COUNTIES.

MARITIME COUNTIES.

Middsx. 93 0 61
Surrey 98 056
Hertford 87 11 49

Wheat Rye Barley | Oats
S. d. S. d S. d S. ત
144 5 39 11 Essex

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Bedford 88

0 64
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Stafford 95

Wor'st.

049 7 95 6 Sussex
8 43 1 S5 6 Suffolk

Huntin. 90
44 10 34 10 Cambridge
Northa. 83 6 56 0 43 10 34 2 Norfolk
Rutland 89 6

Leicest 89 149 11 46
Notting 94 2 66 Of 51
Derby 96 6

0

Salop 90 9 62 10 45
Herefor 86

94 3

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46 9 35

6 Lincoln

91 5 63 10 45

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9 York

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8Durham

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0 34 10 Northumberland 84 9 61
138 2 Cumberland

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96 01 61

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7 31 11 Westmorland

99 11

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146 5 41 5 33 8 Lancaster

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Warwic 94 10

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Wilts 82

45 2 39

1 Denbigh

105 7

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629 10

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9 Anglesea

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Oxford

90 7

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5 56
42 6 38

10 Carnarvon
9 Merioneth

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45 11 35

42 7 29

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Hants

Average of England and Wales.

Wheat 90s. 6d.; Rye 59s. Od.; Barley Devon.
44s. 11d.; Oats 33s Od.; Beans Cornwall.
65s. 5d.; Pease 60s. Od.; Oatmeal Dorset
49s. 8d.

BILL of MORTALITY, from DEC. 28, to JAN. 24, 1809.

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N.B. In the 9 per Cent Consols the highest and lowest Price of each day is given; in the other Stocks the highest only.

EDWARD FORTUNE, STOCK-BROKER and GENERAL AGENT, No. 15, Cornhill.

THE

UNIVERSAL MAGAZINE.

N° LXIII.-VOL. XI.]

For FEBRUARY, 1909.

[NEW SERIES,

"We shall never envy the honours which wit and learning obtain in any other cause, if we can be numbered among the writers who have given ardour to virtue, and confidence to truth."-DR. JOHNSON.

ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS.

FIVE ORIGINAL LETTERS, addressed ed susceptible of higher and more reto a LADY, upon the PLEASURES fined enjoyments; we acquire a more and IMPORTANCE of INTELLEC- delicate sense of perception; and by TUAL CULTIVATION.

[Concluded from p. 9.]

MY DEAR ELIZA,

IN

the power which we possess, of combining our feelings, and multiplying them by the aid of association, we attain so many additional inlets to pleaN the course of this short corre- sure. The truth of this may be illusspondence with you, I have been trated a thousand ways. In a flower more than once impressed with the garden, for instance, how different truth of a remark of Sir William Jones, are the pleasures of him who possesses "That no man knows, when he sits botanical knowledge, and of him who down to write, what he shall perform, looks upon the scene with the broad nor when he begins a sentence, in and vacant stare of mere wonder and what manner he shall end it." A admiration! How much more vivid subject, which I intended to have are the feelings of the former as he comprised in one letter, has already contemplates the structure and ecoextended to four, and, for aught I nomy of a flower! How much more know, may extend to four more; but forcibly he feels the presence of a I hope you will not think them tedi- deity; and while his soul looks ous, for be assured, that in every abroad upon the works of his creation, thing I do in this correspondence, rises in secret rapture to that merci. whether I am laconic or diffuse, whe- ful and bounteous God who has scatther I extend my observations to tered from his hands, not only what many or to few pages-your advan- is needful to his creatures, but what tage is the object I perpetually place before my eyes; that alone stimulates me to a task I never undertook before; and sorry should I be if my exertions towards obtaining that point should become irksome to her for whom they are made.

may serve to give a pleasure_to_the path of life. These are feelings which the man of science (supposing him to possess a good moral foundation) always must experience with infinitely stronger power than a rude uncultivated one. It is true, the In this letter I shall say something boor, and he who rises but one step of the pleasures of intellectual culti- above it, may observe something like vation, and which will embrace some a consciousness of the deity springing of those views which ought to have up in his heart, but that consciousformed part of my last. ness must be greatly inferior to what I will venture to say, that every the other feels, for this reason, that object of human contemplation is he is incapable of comprehending the viewed with additional advantage whole of God's goodness. He sees when seen through the medium of only a part, and that but a very small books, that is, when contemplated by part; he has no ideas of the beautia mind cultivated by learning and lí- ful connexion of causes and effects terature. In proportion to the im- which operate through the whole sysprovement of our intellectual facul- tem of nature; he cannot perceive ties, in that proportion we are render. that nice adjustation of means to their UNIVERSAL MAG. VOL. XI.

N

ends, which prevails; he is insensible to the benevolent purposes which almost every object in creation fulfils, in consequence of the wise and beneficent laws impressed upon them by their creator in their first formation. These are feelings to which he is a stranger; but these, my dear Eliza, are feelings which fill the heart with the most consoling sensations, and spread a sacred calm over the mind which nothing can exceed.

Again: to prove the many sources of pleasure which are opened by intellectual cultivation, and which are denied to ignorance; consider, with what different degrees of delight the works of art are regarded by him who does, and him who does not, understand them, Take two men into a cotton-mill, the one possessing considerable mechanical knowledge, the other destitute of it: think which would behold the operations there carried on with the greatest pleasure. The one understands the whole of what he sees; he comprehends the distinct laws of mechanism, by which each part performs its task; and he comprehends likewise the complex movements produced by these separate agents; he sees, at one view, the whole chain of causes and effects, and by knowing how the one is commensurated to the other, he is delighted to see with what regularity the laws of each are supported; but the other looks upon it, perhaps, with wonder, though not without a strong conviction that it is a very noisy and a very dirty place.

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According to the intimation given you in my last, I shall now resume the consideration of the pleasures of intellectual cultivation-a subject which, on whatever side we view it, cannot fail to be interesting.

I have already pointed out some of those sources of delight which are opened to the refined, and closed to the illiterate mind; but I have only adverted to a very few. It is a boundless theme, to which human enquiry can hardly set a limit; and as a very great pleasure, I know, is derived from discovering, ourselves, whatever we can, I shall not deprive you of that gratification, by too minute an anticipation of such ideas as will naturally arise in your own mind upon contemplating the subject. Yet, in order to fulfil the purposes of this correspondence, and to impress the truth of my remarks upon you as forcibly as possible, I shall proceed to a few more illustrations.

Yesterday, my dear Eliza, furnished me with a very apt one; and, as it happened to yourself, nothing can more directly appeal to your own In addition to these, might be ad- conviction. You remember when duced many others. In travelling, you and I were looking over the for example, how infinitely greater is plates representing some of the anthe pleasure of a person, having his tiquities of antient Rome; a great mind imbued with literature, as he number of them were representations recalls to memory whatever is remark- of objects and of buildings with which able or singular relating to any parti- you were but slightly acquainted from cular place. He animates into tempo- history,or the remembrance of which, rary existence events that have passed in regard to the events relating to for ever he fights with the war- them, had faded off your mind.rior-he deliberates with the legisla- These, I observed, you viewed pretor-he pines and sighs with the cisely with that degree of interest captive-his bosom glows with heroism as he treads upon the plains of Marathon, and burns with piety as he wanders among the ruins of Iona, These, too, are pleasures which are utterly denied to the vulgar and the ignorant.

which is concomitant upon the mere perception of objects whose appearance, speaking only to the senses, and producing no operation of mind as combining events already passed, excite an interest either weak or strong according to the external ap

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