as shown in the horizontal section, figure 7, or from steam or gas.

I prefer the projecting plates to be cast on to the sides. of the stove so as to form a component part thereof, but I do not confine myself thereto, as they may be affixed to the side of the stove by hard solder. The air to be warmed is admitted to the apparatus through suitable holes or apertures made at the lower part of the casting, or in its bottom, and which air, in passing up the narrow channels becomes warmed, and ultimately escapes at the upper part through similar holes or flues, or may be conducted off to some other apartment, as before-mentioned.

Pure atmospheric air may be supplied to the apparatus by means of pipes or flues leading from the outside of the building, and by thus causing a constant draft ventilate the apartment.

One of the principal advantages derivable from my invention is the increased extent of heating surface, which is obtained by the application of the projecting plates, whereby a small stove constructed according to my invention may be made to give out as much or more heat than one of larger dimensions having plain sides, as at present made.

Having now described my invention and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the invention secured by the hereinbefore in part recited letters patent, the application of projecting plates or pieces placed in zigzag ranges, and at any angles on the sides or surfaces of grates, or stoves, or other apparatus for diffusing heat by radiation and rapid circulation of the atmosphere.In witness, whereof, &c. GEORGE HADEN.

Enrolled August 15, 1842.

Specification of the Patent granted to WILLIAM NEWTON, of Chancery-lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for certain Improvements in regulating the flow of Air and Gaseous Fluids.-(Communicated by a Foreigner residing abroad.)-Sealed February 25, 1842.

WITH AN ENGRAVING.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c.This invention, which has been communicated to me by a certain foreigner residing abroad, consists of a peculiar construction of apparatus, in which, upon the slightest increase of pressure from the air or gas which passes through the apparatus, the flow of the said air or gas is restricted and regulated in a novel manner, until the extra pressure has ceased.

In order that the invention may be perfectly understood, I have shown in the accompanying drawings various views of the improved apparatus, whereby the supply or flow of air or gas to the burners is regulated.

Fig. 1, is a side elevation of the apparatus complete. Fig. 2, is a vertical section taken through the middle of the same.

Fig. 3, is a horizontal section of the apparatus taken in the line, A, B, of figure 2.

Fig. 4, is a top or horizontal view, the lid or cover being removed. And,

Fig. 5, is another horizontal section taken in the line, C, D, of figure 2.

The working parts of the apparatus are contained within the outside metal casing, a, a, a, a, which is supplied with a moveable lid or cover, b, b, an annular moveable bell-shaped vessel, c, c, c, c, is placed in the interior of the metal casing, a, a, covering the aperture, d, d, by which the gas or air enters the bell-shaped vessel, and through which its flow or passage is regulated

by means of the conical end, e, of the hollow tube, f, f, which is suspended by means of the metal rod or chain, g, from the inside of the bell-shaped vessel, c, c. The aperture, d, d, is formed at the upper circular end of the metal cylinder, h, h, h, h. This cylinder is supported by the annular chamber or gallery, i, i, i, i, and when once placed in its proper position it remains stationary, and is prevented from moving laterally or out of its position by the small blocks, j, j. The apparatus is supplied with water from above by removing the lid or cover, b, b, and its level inside is seen by means of the glass tube, k, k, outside. All the different parts of the apparatus that are to be filled with water are made to communicate with each other, the water passing from the upper to the lower part through the holes, 1, 1, 1, 1, seen in fig. 5, and when the apparatus requires emptying, the water is allowed to flow out through the aperture, m, by removing the screw.

The bell-shaped vessel, c, c, is suspended by rods or chains, n, n, from the ends of the levers, o, o, and the weight of the vessel, c, together with the hollow tube, ff, is counterbalanced by the weights, p, p, at the opposite ends of the levers, o, 0. Gas or air flows into the apparatus from the pipe, q, and passes up the annular space, r, r, r, r, in the direction of the arrows, and through the aperture, d, d, into the upper part of the vessel, c, c, from hence it passes down the annular passage, t, t, and finally escapes from the apparatus through the pipe, u.

If the pressure of the air or gas into the apparatus is too great for the consumption thereof, it presses on the surface of the water and against the domed part of the vessel, c, c, thereby causing the latter to rise and draw the conical end, e, of the hollow tube, f, f, up into the aperture, d, d, and thereby contract the same, and not allow so great a quantity of gas to enter the vessel, c, c. When by the issue of the gas from the apparatus the equilibrium or proper pressure is restored, then the vessel, c, c, sinks again, and allows the conical end of the tube, No. CVIII.-VOL. XVIII.

H H

f, f, to descend also from the aperture, d, and permit the gas to enter the apparatus as before.

Having now described the invention that has been communicated to me, I wish it to be understood, that I do not intend to confine myself to the precise forms or parts herein shown, nor to the materials of which the same is to be composed; but I claim as the invention secured to me, under the hereinbefore in part recited letters patent,

First, the peculiar arrangement of apparatus herein shown and described, or any modification thereof; and,

Secondly, any apparatus for regulating the flow of air or gas in which such regulation is effected, by means of a conical plug or the conical end of a tube, either hollow or solid, rising into the aperture through which the gas passes, and thereby closing or partially closing the same, and preventing the air or gas from passing, as above described. In witness whereof, &c.

Enrolled August 25, 1842.

WILLIAM NEWTON.

Specification of the Patent granted to OSBORNE REYNOLDS, of Belfast, in the Kingdom of Ireland, Clerk, for Certain improvements in covering Streets, Roads, and other Ways with Wood; and also in the means of enabling Horses and other Animals to pass over such Roads and other slippery Surfaces, with greater Safety than heretofore.-Sealed March 25, 1842.

WITH AN ENGRAVING.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c.My invention of certain improvements in covering streets, roads, and other ways with wood, and in the means of enabling horses and other animals to pass over the same with greater safety than heretofore, may be divided into two parts, and consists,

Firstly, in various improvements upon a former invention, for which I obtained a patent on the 27th April, 1841, for improvements in paving streets, roads, and ways; and,

Secondly, in a novel method of making the shoes of horses and other animals, to prevent them from slipping, and giving them a firmer hold on the pavement.

In order to form a firm, compact, and cheap paving, I first level the ground and ram it hard, covering it also with sand, if desirable. Upon this I lay boards, planks, beams, laths, or slips of wood, either in close contact or with any intervals between them, and upon these boards so arranged, I place blocks of wood of any form. The form of blocks which I prefer are a parallelopipedons, or other figures, such as may be formed by one cut, either oblique or perpendicular to the grain of the wood, from a plack of any breadth and of any thickness not exceeding four inches. I also use blocks formed similarly from round or unhewn timber. If desirable, I place a second or even a third layer of boards on the first, imbed them wholly or partially in cement, nail or otherwise fasten them together. If desirable, I intersperse between those sides of blocks which are in contact, a few grains of gravel or other hard substance, not smaller than spheres whose diameter is one-twentieth of an inch, so that these grains may be partially imbedded in each of two adjacent. sides, and thereby strengthen their mutual support. To make the pavement water tight, I surround the blocks, when desirable, with cement, and to unite the whole compactly together, I secure the blocks to the foundation planks, or to each other, or both, by nailing or pinning each block to the mass already formed. This method of fastening the blocks together is obviously different from any of the methods hitherto employed of securing a number together by means of pegs, pins, or dowels. To roughen the surface, I scatter upon it by the hand or other instrument, gravel or broken stone, screened so as