Punjab Administration as Deputy-Commissioner of Kangra, where he continued till he took leave to England on account of his health, in 1854. During his stay in England he was called to the Bar.

Returning to India in 1857, the year of the Mutiny, his first service was as Under-Secretary to Sir John Peter Grant at Benares. The revolt had cut off all connection between Agra, the seat of the local Government, and that part of the territory in which order had been preserved or quickly restored, and Sir John (then Mr. Grant) had been sent to Benares to gather up the dropped reins of Government. In 1858 Lord Canning himself took up his residence at Allahabad, and administered the government. Bayley continued for a time to act as Under Secretary with him.

Passing over various offices which he held during his gradual rise in the service, in 1861 he re-entered the Secretariat as acting Foreign Secretary, and in the year following became Home Secretary to the Government of India, a post which he held for ten years. In 1873 he was nominated to the Council of the Governor-General; his tenure ended in 1878, and he then retired from the service. He had held the office of President of the Asiatic Society of Bengal for the three years preceding his departure, and that of Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta for a term. He was nominated K.C.S.I. in January 1877.

Sir Edward Bayley's papers on Indian archæology have been detailed in that Report of the Royal Asiatic Society to which we have already been indebted. They are about twenty in number. The most important, perhaps, were his papers regarding the dates on certain Kabul coins, and on the genealogy of Modern Numerals. The former modified very considerably the views of most Orientalists on one of the most important difficult chronological questions. The origin of the Numerals, a subject to which he had devoted much study, was left unfortunately incomplete when he died, after a very brief illness, April 30th,

1884.

The following remarks are contributed by a distinguished Orientalist, who held Sir E. C. Bayley in high regard, Professor Bühler, now of Vienna :-" It would, however, be a mistake to estimate the services of Sir E. C. Bayley to Oriental learning by the number of his essays. In India he did invaluable work by his very successful efforts to preserve the monuments of ancient art, by saving numerous important coins-which are now deposited in the magnificent collection left by him or in the Indian Museums-from destruction, and by giving a warm support to the official search for the remnants of Sanskrit literature. Both in India and in Europe he made his influence widely felt by the readiness with which he gave the benefit of his extensive knowledge, and allowed access to his collections, to all students of Indian history and antiquities who asked him for help. Everybody who has had the privilege of corresponding with him on such matters will remember with pleasure and gratitude the warm interest with which he took up all new suggestions and theories, the care and impartiality with which he examined and discussed the arguments, pro and con, and the soundness of his criticism and advice."

Few men are so sincerely lamented as Edward Bayley was. His gentle and kindly manner was a true indication of his refined mind and his sweet nature. One never met him, or parted from him, without retaining a sense of having come in contact with something beneficent and tranquillizing. The testimony of the native newspapers to the feeling with which he was regarded in India has been of very unusual strength, and obvious sincerity. By the Mahommedan community his sympathy was especially valued, and we print at the end of this notice a remarkable expression of this sentiment. At the dinner which the Viceroy gave in his honour when he was about to leave Calcutta, Lord Lytton told an anecdote which he must have gathered from some of Bayley's Haileybury contemporaries. We give it in the noble speaker's own words, as reported in the Englishman newspaper of March 15th, 1875: "It was unanimously agreed by (Bayley's)

comrades at school, as afterwards by his colleagues in office, that nature's elements were never kindlier mixed, to associate a sweeter temper with a gentler, more courteous, and more chivalrous character than his. Nor was this feeling confined to his fellows. For I have heard a story told of Le Bas, the old Principal of Haileybury, that he used to say that the character of Edward Bayley was the only thing which had ever caused in his mind a doubt about the doctrine of original sin!"

On the same occasion Bayley himself concluded his acknowledgments with words which may fitly end the more personal part of this brief notice of our friend: "Our family motto is taken from the writings of the great Roman orator and philosopher: Quod est, eo decet uti, et quidquid agas agere pro viribus ; or, to put the sentiment as it occurs in Scriptural language: 'Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might.' It is not a vain-glorious motto, but it is, as I know by experience, an ambitious one. If those in India who know us best can say that in any sense we have acted up to our motto, I can scarcely seek for higher praise."

In 1877, when the last volume (VIII.) of the "History of India as told by its own Historians" issued from the Press, it was determined to supplement the work by selections from the Mahommedan histories of the Kingdoms of the Deccan, an addition which had been comprised in Sir Henry Elliot's original comprehensive scheme. The editorship was again undertaken by Professor Dowson, who had with so much labour and zeal carried through the completion of the eight volumes, from the papers of Sir H. Elliot, and from the complementary matter prepared by himself. Professor Dowson's lamented death occurred, and it was necessary to find a new editor. It was with great satisfaction that those interested heard that Sir E. Bayley had consented to undertake this duty. It is always a difficult matter to take up the thread of a work dropped in death; the more interest and knowledge a man brings to such a task, the stronger and more precise his own views and opinions as

Bayley found the plan which greatly

to how it should be done are likely to be. work, so far as it had proceeded, done on a differed from what he would have himself adopted, and from what he (who knew Sir H. Elliot's plans and views on the subject better than anyone surviving) considered to have been the design of the original projector. But apart from these considerations a very valuable copy of the text of the Mirát-iSikandari had been sent by the late Sir Salar Jung, which Professor Dowson had not had the advantage of collating; and the examination of this enabled Bayley to make some important emendations. The general result was that Sir Edward deemed it necessary to recast the whole.

Finally, it must be remembered that this volume has been completed and passed through the press since Sir Edward's lamented death; and allowance must be made for the absence of various finishing touches which would doubtless have come from his hand.

H. Y.

Extract from "The Mahommedan Observer and Guide," May 17th, 1884.

"By the Mussulman community of India, who now-a-days so sadly lack powerful friends and sympathisers amongst their rulers, and who for some inscrutable reasons now seem to have unfortunately fallen into the disfavour of Government, the removal by death of a most kind-hearted and staunch friend, like Sir Edward Clive Bayley, must be felt not only as a personal loss, but will be viewed as a deep and public calamity. Descended from an illustrious family, having long and intimate association with Indian affairs from the earliest period of the establishment of British Rule in this country, Sir Edward

inherited the traditional sympathies of his family for the impoverished and degraded condition of the Mussulmans of India. He had early studied Arabic and Persian literature with our late townsman, Moulvie Abdool Jubbar, at that time Meer Munshi in the Foreign Office, and thus got an insight into the beauties and defects of the Mussulman character, and could thoroughly sympathise with the Mussulman wants and aspirations. When fresh out to India, he had seen the last flickering refulgence of Mussulman power and glory, and after a few years' course saw it totally vanish into thin air. His natural sensibilities were quickened, and he threw all the weight of his sympathy on the side of our unfortunate co-religionists, and did much to promote their advancement and welfare. Not to speak of his generous and warm friendship for, and patronage of, many a deserving Mahommedan gentleman, both in Calcutta and elsewhere, the Mussulmans owe Sir Edward a 'debt immense,' of endless gratitude for a public measure which was principally due to his powerful influence, and which has already done so much, and is destined hereafter to do so much more, for the promotion of Mahommedan education in these provinces. The fact is well known that it was Sir Edward Clive Bayley, who, as Home Secretary to Lord Mayo's Government, influenced that noble Earl to sanction the memorable Resolution for putting a stop to the misappropriation of the princely Mohsin Endowment Fund, and for directing the employment of its proceeds to its present legitimate object of advancing purely Mussulman education. For this single noble act-putting aside all else Sir Edward's memory will be cherished in the grateful recollection of our co-religionists.

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'High-minded, generous-souled, courteous and polite, with dignified but amiable presence, Sir Edward was a man of 'light and sweetness,' to make use of Matthew Arnold's expression, and a veritable type of a thorough and noble English gentleman. Those who had the honour of his acquaintance, shall not soon forget his ever cheery face and benign appearance. If England