The Treatment of SewageVan Nostrand, 1887 - 224 Seiten |
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absorbed added ammonia ashes average Bailey Denton carbonate carbonic acid cent charcoal chemicals clay composition constituents Containing coprolite cost Coventry Craigentinny crops deposit difficulty discharged dried effected effluent Effluent water excreta fæcal matter fæces filter filtration flocculent flow foul gallons daily gallons of sewage grains of lime grains per gallon grass guano Intermittent iron irrigation land liquid London sewage magnesia manure manurial value Matters in Solution Matters in Suspension midden milk of lime Mineral mixed mixture moisture nitrogen nuisance obtained organic matter outfall pails patent phosphate Phosphate of lime phosphoric acid Pollution population potash precipitation produce purify Raw sewage refuse removal river salts sanitary sewage farm sewage per acre sewers sludge soil solid matter soluble subsoil water sulphate of alumina sulphuric acid superphosphate surface suspended matter tion tons of sewage Total solids town treated sewage treatment of sewage urine Voelcker water closet whilst
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Seite 45 - That, as far as we have been able to ascertain, none of the existing modes of treating town sewage by deposition, and by chemicals in tanks, appear to effect much change beyond the separation of the solids and the clarification of the liquid. That the treatment of sewage in this manner, however, effects a considerable improvement, and, when carried to its greatest perfection, may in some cases be accepted. "6. That so far as our examinations extend, none of the manufactured manures made by manipulating...
Seite 45 - ... 6. That, so far as our examinations extend, none of the manufactured manures made by manipulating town's refuse, with or without chemicals, pay the contingent costs of such modes of treatment; neither has any mode of dealing separately with excreta, so as to defray the cost of collection and preparation by a sale of the manure, been brought under our notice.
Seite 46 - That town sewage can best and most cheaply be disposed of and purified by the process of land irrigation for agricultural purposes, where local conditions are favourable to its application, but that the chemical value of sewage is greatly reduced to the farmer by the fact that it must be disposed of day by day throughout the entire year, and that its volume is generally greatest when it is of the least service to the land." 8. " That land irrigation is not practicable in all cases; and, therefore,...
Seite 96 - The sewage forms a deposit on the surface of the ground; that deposit forms a cake of organic matter, and that organic matter, when it is in a damp state, as it usually is, gives off, in warm weather, a most odious stench.
Seite 96 - I can speak positively to it, from repeated observation in different places, that the odour, particularly at night, and particularly upon still damp evenings in autumn, is very sickly indeed, and that in all these cases a great deal of disease prevails ; but I need not do more than upon that subject refer to the evidence taken by the General Board of Health itself.
Seite 181 - Arts, 18S6. the sewage, and serve as a weighting material to aid in the deposition of the lighter flocculent materials. This mechanical action of the lime carbonate is of great importance. The flocculent suspended matter is no doubt one of the most important materials to remove, because it is this ingredient of the sewage which readily putrefies, and in this way causes a nuisance. " It is moreover so light that unless weighted it is difficult to precipitate.
Seite 103 - of the truth embodied in an affirmative reply to this latter query — so certain am I that parasites are propagated in this particular way — so surely do I foresee unpleasant results, if no stops be taken to counteract the evil, that I feel myself bound to speak out boldly, and to produce no uncertain sound in the matter which most closely concerns humanity.
Seite 117 - ... thirdly, in the construction and arrangement of machinery and apparatus to be used in distributing and depositing chemical agents over the mass of sewage ;" and, " fourthly, in the use and application of chemical agents for the purpose of precipitating the solid animal and vegetable matter contained in sewage water, and also for the purpose of absorbing and combining with the gases evolved from such sewage water, and the animal and vegetable matters contained therein or precipitated therefrom.
Seite 71 - It is further proved that the use of sewage hastens vegetation ; also that cattle of all sorts appear to prefer sewaged grass to all others, and will eat it within a few hours of its being dressed with sewage; also that the earth possesses the power to absorb from the sewage all the manure which it contains, provided the sewage be not applied in too large a quantity, and that the crop is only benefited by the manure contained in that portion of the sewage which is absorbed by...
Seite 156 - Commission appointed to inquire into the best mode of distributing the Sewage of Towns, and applying it to beneficial and profitable uses.