of a reservation will be given, except by the Secretary of War, unless he be in the employ of the Government, or in the family or service of persons there employed.

213. Military posts and the buildings and grounds pertaining thereto will be kept in a clean and attractive condition. Reasonable adornment and beautification of the grounds in the neighborhood of public buildings is to be sought, but troops are not to be employed for such purposes to such an extent as to interfere with their training and instruction.

Live trees in the vicinity of the inhabited parts of a military reservation will not be cut down, except on the recommendation of a board of officers consisting of the three officers on duty at the post next in rank to the commander, or of as many as are available if less than three, and when such recommendation is approved by the post and department commanders.

214. Military posts temporarily evacuated by troops, and lands reserved for military use, will be under charge of the Quartermaster Corps. Permanent works of defense, however, and the lands appurtenant thereto, are under the supervision of the Engineer Department.

ARTICLE XXVIII.

FLAGS, COLORS, STANDARDS, AND GUIDONS.

215. The flag of the United States has 13 horizontal stripes, 7 red and 6 white, the red and white stripes alternating, and the union of the flag consists of white stars in a blue field placed in the upper quarter next the staff, and extending to the lower edge of the fourth red stripe from the top. The number of stars is the same as the number of States in the Union. On the admission of a State into the Union, one star will be added to the union of the flag, and such addition will take effect on the 4th day of July next succeeding such admission.

216. The field or union of the national flag in use in the Army will consist from and after July 4, 1912, of 48 stars, in six rows, 8 stars in each row, in a blue field, arranged as follows:

217. The flag of the President shall be of blue bunting, with the official coat of arms of the United States of suitable size in the center, and shall be 10.20 feet hoist, 14.40 feet fly.

218. The colors of the President shall be of blue silk, 6 feet 6 inches fly, and 4 feet on the pike, which shall be 11 feet long, including the ferrule and head. The head shall consist of a globe 2 inches in diameter, surmounted by an American eagle, alert, 5 inches high. In each of the four corners shall be a 5-pointed white star with one point upward, the points of each star to lie in the circumference of an imaginary circle of 2 inches radius. The centers of these

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circles are 9 inches from the short sides and 7 inches from the long sides of the color. In the center of the color shall be a large fifth star, also of 5 points, which lie in the circumference of an imaginary circle of 16 inches radius. The center of this circle is the point of intersection of the diagonals of the color. The reentering angles of this large star lie in the circumference of an imaginary circle of 8 inches radius, with the same center as before. Inside of the star thus outlined is a parallel star, separated from it by a band of white 11⁄2 inches wide. This inner star forms a scarlet field, upon which is the official coat of arms of the United States, the device being located by placing the middle point of the line dividing the chief from the paleways of the escutcheon upon the point of intersection of the diagonals of the color. On the blue field around the larger star are other white stars, one for each State, equally scattered in the reentering angles, and all included within the circumference of an imaginary circle of 19 inches radius, whose center is the center of the large .star. The device, letters, and stars are to be embroidered in silk, the same on both sides of the color; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of silver and gold 3 inches wide; the cord, 8 feet 6 inches long, having two tassels, and composed of red, white, and blue silk strands.

219. The flag of the Secretary of War shall be of scarlet bunting, measuring 12 feet fly and 6 feet 8 inches hoist. In each of the four corners shall be a 5-pointed white star with one point upward, the points of each star to lie in the circumference of an imaginary circle of 5 inches radius; the centers of these circles to be 17 inches from the short sides and 12 inches from the long sides of the flag. In the center of the flag shall be the official coat of arms of the United States, of suitable size.

220. The flag of the Assistant Secretary of War shall be of white bunting, measuring 12 feet fly and 6 feet 8 inches hoist. In each of the four corners shall be a 5-pointed scarlet star with one point upward, the points of each star to lie in the circumference of an imaginary circle of 5 inches radius; the centers of these stars to be 17 inches from the short sides and 12 inches from the long sides of the flag. In the center of the flag shall be the official coat of arms of the United States, of suitable size.

221. The colors of the Secretary of War shall be of scarlet silk, 5 feet 6 inches fly, 4 feet 4 inches on the pike, which shall be 9 feet long, including ferrule and spearhead. In each of the four corners shall be a 5-pointed white star with one point upward, the points of each star to lie in the circumference of an imaginary circle of 23 inches radius; the centers of these circles to be 13 inches from the short sides and 7 inches from the long sides of the color. In the center shall be placed in colors the official coat of arms of the United States, the device, letters, and stars to be embroidered in silk on both sides of the color; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of white silk 3 inches wide; the cord 8 feet 6 inches long, having two tassels, and composed of white

and scarlet strands.

222. The colors of the Assistant Secretary of War shall be of white silk, 5 feet 6 inches fly, 4 feet 4 inches on the pike, which shall be 9 feet long, including spearhead and ferrule. In each of the four corners shall be a 5-pointed scarlet star, one point upward, the points of each star to lie in the circumference of an imaginary circle of 2 inches radius; the centers of these circles to be 13 inches from the short sides and 7 inches from the long sides of the color. In the center shall be placed in colors the official coat of arms of the United States, of suitable size; the device, letters, and stars to be embroidered in silk on both sides of the color; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of scarlet silk 3 inches wide; a cord 8 feet 6 inches long, having two tassels, and composed of white and scarlet silk strands to be placed on the pike.

223. The garrison, post, and storm flags are national flags and shall be of bunting. The union of each is as described in paragraph 216 and shall be of the following proportions: Width, seven-thirteenths of the hoist of the flag; length, seventy-six one hundredths of the hoist of the flag.

The garrison flag will have 38 feet fly and 20 feet hoist. It will be furnished only to posts designated in orders from time to time from the War Department, and will be hoisted only on holidays and important occasions.

The post flag will have 19 feet fly and 10 feet hoist. It will be furnished for all garrison posts and will be hoisted in pleasant weather.

The storm flag will have 9 feet 6 inches fly and 5 feet hoist. It will be furnished for all occupied posts for use in stormy and windy weather.

be furnished to national cemeteries.

It will also

224. A recruiting flag and an advertising flag will be furnished for general recruiting stations.

The recruiting flag will be of the same description and dimensions as the storm flag, except that it will be provided with an incased lath to keep the flag from tangling while displayed with staff horizontal.

The advertising flag will have the same dimensions as the recruiting flag. It will be of blue bunting, with an incased lath to prevent tangling, and will bear on both sides of the flag the following inscription in bleached muslin letters:

MEN WANTED
FOR THE

UNITED STATES

ARMY.

2241. FLAGS FOR CHAPLAINS.-A flag of blue bunting, rectangular in shape, 2 feet hoist and 3 feet fly, bearing in the center a Latin cross 18 inches high and of suitable width, in white, will be furnished to each chaplain by the Quartermaster Corps.

These flags will be used for field service only and will be dropped by the issuing officer from his property account upon the receipts of the chaplains to whom they are supplied.

225. The flag of the Geneva Convention, to be used in connection with the national flag in time of war with a signatory of the convention, will be as follows:

For general hospitals, white bunting, 9 by 5 feet, with a red cross of bunting 4 feet high and 4 feet wide in the center; arms of cross to be 16 inches wide. For field hospitals, white bunting, 6 by 4 feet, with a red cross of bunting 3 feet high and 3 feet wide in the center; arms of cross to be 12 inches wide.

For ambulances and guidons to mark the way to field hospitals, white bunting, 28 by 16 inches, with a red cross of bunting 12 inches high and 12 inches wide in the center; arms of cross to be 4 inches wide.

226. BATTALIONS OF ENGINEERS. The national color shall be of silk, 5 feet 6 inches fly, 4 feet 4 inches on the pike, which shall be 9 feet long, including spearhead and ferrule; the union to be 2 feet 6 inches long, with stars embroidered in white silk on both sides of the union; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of yellow silk 23 inches wide; the cord 8 feet 6 inches long, having two tassels, and composed of red, white, and blue silk strands. The official. designation of the battalion will be engraved on a silver band placed on the pike. The battalion color shall be of scarlet silk of the same dimensions as the national color, having embroidered upon it in colors the official coat of arms of the United States, of suitable size. Below the coat of arms in the middle shall be embroidered, in white silk, the insignia of the Corps of Engineers and also

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an outlined scroll bearing the inscription

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Battalion, U. S. Engineers; "

the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of white silk 2 inches wide; cord and tassels same size as national color, to be of white and scarlet silk strands; both sides of color to be embroidered alike.

227. ENGINEER REGIMENTS.-When engineeer troops are organized into regiments, battalion colors will not be used, but the following colors will be used by the regiment:

The national color shall be the same as prescribed in paragraph 226, except that the inscription on the name plate shall be "U. S. Engineers." The regimental color shall be the same as battalion color prescribed in paragraph U. S. Engineers." 226, except that the inscription on the scroll shall be "

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228. COAST ARTILLERY CORPS.-The national color shall be as prescribed in paragraph 226, the official designation of the coast defense command to be placed on the silver band.

The corps color, of the same dimensions as national color, shall be of scarlet silk, having embroidered upon it in colors the official coat of arms of the United States, of suitable size. Below the coat of arms, in the middle, will be embroidered in yellow silk two cannons, crossed; also a scroll embroidered in yellow silk and bearing the inscription "U. S. Coast Artillery Corps," embroidered in red silk; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of yellow silk 24 inches wide; cord and tassels same size as those of national color, to be of red and yellow silk strands. One set of national and corps colors shall be issued to the headquarters of each coast defense command.

229. INFANTRY REGIMENTS.-The national color shall be as prescribed in paragraph 226, the official designation of the regiment to be placed on the silver

band.

The regimental color, of same dimensions as national color, shall be of blue silk, having embroidered upon it in colors the official coat of arms of the United States, of suitable size. Below the coat of arms shall be placed a scroll embroidered in red silk. bearing the inscription" U. S. Infantry," embroidered in white silk; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of yellow silk 24 inches wide; cord and tassels same size as those of national color, to be of blue and white silk strands.

230. STANDARDS FOR CAVALRY REGIMENTS.-The national standard shall be the national flag of silk, 4 feet fly, and 3 feet on the lance, which shall be 9 feet 6 inches long, including spearhead and ferrule; the union to be 22 inches long, with stars embroidered in white silk on both sides of the union; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of yellow silk 23 inches wide; the official designation of the regiment to be engraved on a silver band placed on the lance. The regimental standard, of same dimensions as the national standard, shall be of yellow silk, having embroidered upon it in colors the official coat of arms of the United States, of suitable size. Below the coat of arms shall be placed a scroll embroidered in red silk and bearing the inscription "U. S. Cavalry," embroidered in yellow; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of yellow silk 2 inches wide.

231. STANDARDS FOR FIELD ARTILLERY REGIMENTS.-The national standard shall be as described in paragraph 230.

The regimental standard, of the same dimensions as the national standard, shall be of scarlet silk, having embroidered on it in colors the official coat of arms of the United States, of suitable size. Below the coat of arms shall be placed a scroll embroidered in yellow silk and bearing the inscription" U. S. Field Artillery," embroidered in scarlet; the edges to be trimmed with knotted fringe of yellow silk 2 inches wide.

232. COLORS AND STANDARDS.-The silken national and regimental colors or standards shall be carried in battle, campaign, and on all occasions of ceremony at regimental headquarters in which two or more companies of the regiment participate.

A similar rule applies to the use of the silken colors of the battalion of engineers and of the coast defense commands.

When not in use as prescribed in this paragraph, colors and standards will be kept in their waterproof cases.

233. SERVICE COLORS AND STANDARDS.- -A national color or standard made of bunting or other suitable material, but in all other respects similar to the silken national color or standard, shall be furnished as follows: To each battalion of engineers, one color; to each regiment of infantry, one color for each battalion; to each coast defense command, one color for each post where two or more companies are stationed; to each regiment of cavalry, one standard for each squadron; to each regiment of field artillery, one standard for each battalion. The official designation of the regiment of infantry, cavalry, or field artillery, of the battalion of engineers, or of the coast defense command, will be engraved on a silver band placed on the pike or lance.

These colors and standards are for use at drills, and on marches, and on all service other than battles, campaigns, and occasions of ceremony; but battalions and squadrons detached from regimental headquarters, and garrisons of coast artillery posts other than coast defense headquarters, may use them upon all occasions. Not more than one national color or standard will be carried when the regiment or any part of it is assembled.

234. COLORS FOR BATTALIONS OF PHILIPPINE SCOUTS.-The national service color prescribed in paragraph 233 will be used on all occasions. The official designation of the battalion will be engraved on a silver band placed on the pike or lance.

235. GUIDONS FOR CAVALRY.-Each troop of cavalry will have a silken guidon, cut swallow-tailed, 15 inches to the fork, 3 feet 5 inches fly from lance to end of swallowtail, and 2 feet 3 inches on the lance, having two horizontal stripes each one-half the width of the flag, the upper red and lower white, the red stripe having on both sides in the center the number of the regiment in white silk, and the white stripe the letter of the troop in red silk, the letter and number block shaped, 4 inches high, the lance 1 inches in diameter and 9 feet long, including spear and ferrule. Each troop will also have a service guidon, made of bunting or other suitable material, in shape and design the same as the silken guidon; the latter will be used only in battle, campaign, or on occasions of ceremony.

236. GUIDONS FOR FIELD ARTILLERY.-Each battery of field artillery will have a guidon of scarlet silk, dimensions and shape same as described for cavalry guidons, in the center on both sides of the guidon two crossed field guns, about 14 inches in length, with number of regiment in the upper and letter of battery in the lower angle; field guns, number, and letter to be of yellow silk, number and letter block shaped, 4 inches high; lance same as for cavalry guidon. This silken guidon will be used only in battle, campaign, or on occasions of ceremony. Each battery will also have a service guidon of bunting or other suitable material, in shape and design the same as the silken guidon.

237. GUIDONS FOR ENGINEERS.-Each mounted section of engineers will have a guidon of scarlet silk, of triangular shape, 4 feet fly from lance to apex of triangle, and 2 feet 3 inches on the lance; on both sides of the guidon a castle about 14 inches in length and 7 inches from lance, embroidered in silver, with the letter of the company above the center tower of the castle; the letter em