effort shall appear to me painful to obtain that grand result. I shall never be happy till it is obtained; and to obtain it, I shall not hesitate, if circumstances require it, to surround myself with the national representation, even before the epoch fixed by the constitution."

In the afternoon grand deputations from the different orders, presented their homage to the King and the Prince Royal, and his Majesty answered each in an appropriate manner; but as these answers were merely echoes of the addresses presented to him, and contained only a repetition of the sentiments expressed in the above speech, it is unnecessary here to produce them.

AUGUST.

The Queen.Arrangements were making on Saturday the first for her Majesty to take an airing out of Kew Palace, for which purpose some alterations were to be made in her chair; but the report of her state yesterday was, "her Majesty has had not quite so good a night, but is much the same as she has been for several days past." Publication addressed to the Young Men of the Country, studying at Gottingen, and to the students in general.

"The multiplied excesses that have been committed by a certain number of the students of Gottingen, in contempt of all public order, and the respect due to all the authorities, determined us to cause an investigation to be made, by a Special Commission

was

sent to Gottingen, into the inexcusable transactions which have taken place, and the external instigations, which are, up to a certain point, of a nature to lessen the culpability of the disturbers of the public tranquillity. Unfortunately, this measure, dictated by the best intentions, has so little fulfilled its principal end, that a culpable resistance opposed to the express orders of our commission, and a great number of students, industrious, innocent, and well-conducted, suffered a small number of the ill-intentioned to interrupt their studies, and to seduce them away with themselves; thus losing, to the detriment of their fortune and that of their parents, a precious portion of time, to them irreparable. In truth, the splendor and prosperity of the University of Gottingen depend not on the number, but rather on the progress of the students in the sciences, on their good conduct, and docility towards their superiors; and we shall regard as a real benefit to it, that all the enemies of application, and disturbers who have left it, shall never return to seduce their companions in study.

own

or

not that those of the absent "On the other side, we doubt students, whether natives foreigners, who love order and study, ardently desire to resume, as soon as possible, their accustomed occupations; which they may do without any inquietude, now that order is perfectly reestablished, and that we still watch over its maintenance in the most rigorous manner, against whoever, student or other person,

would

would attempt to interrupt it. The care that we especially owe to our young subjects of the kingdom of Hanover, permits us not to see with an indifferent eye the prolongation of their absence, and the suspension of their labours. In consequence, we order all Hanoverian subjects of his Majesty, who study at Gottingen, to return forthwith to the University, in order to continue their studies there, to re-enter there quietly and singly, or at least in small numbers at a time; and it is enjoined to the Academic Senate to send us a list of those who shall not have obeyed this order. Those who shall not have hereto conformed, between the present and the 15th of August at the farthest, shall be declared, in punishment of their disobedience, incapable for ever to hold any employment in the service of the kingdom, of whatever description it be.

"The same order of re-entering before the 15th August, equally regards all the students, whether foreigners or natives, who are in the enjoyment of allowances established by the state at Gottingen.

"Every such student who shall not appear there within the above interval, shall lose for ever the allowance that has been conferred on him.

"We feel a confidence that none of the students, whom the present ordinance concerns, will slight the paternal intentions that have dictated it solely for his benefit, and that he will, on the contrary, hasten, by fulfilling his duty, to establish his welfare for VOL. LX.

the future, in the most solid and durable manner.

"The Governor-General and Privy Counsellor of the Cabinet,

"DECKEN.

"Hanover, Aug. 1, 1818."

This morning, Aug. 3, about 8 o'clock, the Duke and Duchess of Clarence, attended by Sir John Borlase Warren, and the Baroness Duram and suite, left their residence in St. James's palace to proceed to Germany. Their Royal Highnesses were to go to Dover, and from there in a Royal yacht to Calais.

3. Vienna. The Duchy of Reichstadt, recently conferred upon the son of the Arch-Duchess Maria Louisa, is situated in a Lordship of that name in Bohemia, 12 miles from Prague, towards the frontiers of Lusatia. A Duchess of Lauenburg transferred this freehold lordship to her. daughter Maria Anne Caroline, wife of Duke Ferdinand of Bavaria. It remained the property of the Electoral House of Bavaria, until it lately passed to the Duke des Deux-Ponts, and afterwards to the Prince de Waldeck; it subsequently returned to Tuscany, and was erected into a Duchy. Its chief town is called by the same name, Reichstadt, and contains about 230 houses. There is, however, a boroughtown on the Lordship, whose inhabitants support themselves by the productions of their spinning manufactories and the cultivation of an almost barren soil.

4. Nuremberg.The Nurem berg Correspondent of this date contains

H

contains the following article respecting Sweden :

"The public prints mentioned some time ago a correspondence between the late King of Sweden and the present King. The occasion of this correspondence was the following:-The son of the deposed King had scarcely approached the age at which a Crown Prince of Sweden, accord. ing to the laws of that kingdom, may be declared of full age, with the permission of his father, when Gustavus the Fourth signified to him his intention to give him this permission, and at the same time that he expected him from Hirdeberg, at Hanau, where the ex-King at that time resided, in order to give him his paternal advice respecting the relations in which he might come forward in life. He believed that he ought to dissuade him from making any pretensions to the Swedish throne; but was, however, of opinion, that if the Prince entertained different notions on this subject from his father, who did not feel tempted to wish to govern a nation which had rejected him as its monarch, the Prince owed it, at all events, to his station, as soon as he was of age, publicly to declare himself respecting his pretensions to the Swedish throne, whether he was resolved to reserve them, or to bring them forward when time and opportu nity offered, or wholly to renounce them. Prince Gustavus declined the permission to declare himself of age, and indeed all negotiation with his father on the subject. The latter, therefore, in a letter, dated Hanau, August 26, 1817,

acquainted the present King of Sweden with this affair. In the reply, which is without date, the King, then Crown Prince of Sweden, acknowledges the purity and conscientiousness of the ex-King's political principles, though the formality or renunciation of the Swedish throne, that might be made by Prince Gustavus, would merely recognise the right of the nation to choose a new dynasty, but would not give this right to the nation, which already possessed it, and had made use of it in three elections since the abdication of Gustavus IV. Should Prince Gustavus one day attempt to interfere with the rights and the tranquillity of the Swedish nation, Providence would protect, as it has hitherto done, the Scandinavian Peninsula; and the regard and inviolable alliance of the Emperor Alexander would disapprove of every intrigue against Sweden. The nation would not renounce the right of choosing its dynasty, as an hereditary privilege. At the last election, the King of Denmark, among others, was a candidate for the Swedish throne, and was supported by Napoleon. But no power had at that time supported its pretensions by force. The choice fell unanimously on the Crown Prince, whom the King adopted as his son. He has not considered the invitation to the throne as a happiness; for as Governor of a country conquered by France, he had learned how greatly Princes were to be pitied, who desired to perform in a worthy manner the duties of their

station,

station, and were hindered by circumstances. He wished that his successors might constantly bear in mind the principle of all times and ages, that Princes are born for the good of the people, and that the latter are not the property of a few families."

On August the 6th, the following most lamentable and unfortunate occurrence took place, on Messrs. Horrell's premises, in the second Back-lane, in Exeter. Three men, William Middlewick, Nicholas Eustace, and William Finnemore, were employed in making a pit, for the reception of the contents of a sewer. Middlewick, having nearly completed an adit, was in the act of ascending the ladder, when he dropped his shovel, and on his returning for the same, nearly the whole contents of the privy burst upon him, and caused instant suffocation. His companion, Eustace, immediately descended to his assistance, and ere he had got half way down the ladder, the noxious vapour precipitated him to the bottom, and he shared a similar fate. A third man, William Finnemore, then went down, and he fell in; and on a person, of the name of Giles Tozer, in the employ of Mr. G. Turner, silversmith, being apprized of the shocking circumstance, he volunteered his services, and he also fell from the ladder. Another man then went down, with a rope affixed round his body, who was immediately drawn up in a state of insensibility; in consequence of which no others could be found to undertake the hazardous task of descending the pit, until Mr. John Rouse, of Exeter, plumber,

having been informed of the melancholy event, instantly repaired to the spot, and with that humanity which ought never to be forgotten, went down the ladder, and succeeded in bringing up three of the unfortunate men, viz. Tozer, Finnemore, and Middlewick, and with the assistance of a person named Risewell, (Mr. Rouse being nearly exhausted with his humane efforts) got up the other poor fellow, Eustace, who, together with Middlewick, was lifeless; and every means used for their recovery by several professional gentlemen proved ineffectual. Finnemore and Tozer were immediately put to bed in a very dangerous state; and we are sorry to say, that on Monday morning, about six o'clock, the latter breathed his last, leaving a wife and one child, in the most indigent circumstances, to lament his unhappy decease. Finnemore, we are informed, still lies extremely ill. Thus three individuals lost their lives, two of them in the cause of humanity, in endeavouring to extricate fellow-creature from a premature death.

a

6. Bamberg. We have received circumstantial details on the new sect which was formed some time ago in Saxony, the fanaticism of which occasioned lately a frightful assassination. This sect is established principally in the circles of Leipsic and Misnia; it pretends to observe with the greatest rigour all the doctrines of the Old Testament, to reject the New, to destroy all those who do not follow the same system, and to proclaim the regeneration of the whole

human race. It teaches and adopts a great number of superstitious tenets, and among others, thinks that it merits the favour of God by inflicting tortures on men and animals. The principal leader of the sect is one Kloos, a tailor, who has been continually going about near Leipsic, preaching his dangerous doctrines. He held numerous meetings in the open air; he then preached in the villages, and inspired his fanaticism into a great multitude of persons. This sect would not perhaps have excited so much public attention had it not been for its most fiery partisans, the miller, Fischer, of Beyersdorff, and his wife, who committed, from their fanaticism, a murder under horrible circumstances. The leader, Kloos, had been instilling his principles into them for several days. They were before persons of excellent character; but after remaining for some days on their knees in the open air, without taking any nourishment but a few roots, they believed themselves called upon to make sacrifices. They declared that they received a commission to bury some children alive; but happily they were unable to execute this frightful project. A servant, called Flor, arrived at their mill, at the instant when the fury of Fischer and his wife was in a state of the most perfect exaltation. They looked upon him as a victim whose sacrifice would be agreeable to God. They assassinated him in a horrible manner, cutting off his hands and feet, and then beginning immediately to sing and pray. A young

miller for whom they

had reserved the same fate escaped from their hands by flight. He described what passed

the miller and his wife were arrested-they boasted of the deed they had committed, and declared to the judge appointed to draw up their indictment, that God had given them a commission to exterminate all those who would not profess their doctrines, because they were children of the Devil. It will be observed that these principles bear a near resemblance to those which the famous Foeschl professed the last year in Austria. It is likewise known that other fanatics of the same sect projected fresh assassinations.

As soon as the

report of this event was carried to Dresden, the Government took measures adapted to the circumstances. Troops were despatched to take military possession of all the villages where the fanatics were established. Informations were taken against these who excited Kloos, for it is said he received his instructions from persons who belonged to a better class of society. As soon as Kloos heard they were in search of him, he took to flight, but he was seized in the city of Meissen, and has been for some days in prison.

The Cotton-spinners' Address to the Public." We, the Mule Cotton Spinners of Manchester, consider it a duty incumbent upon us to address the public at the present juncture, to contradict the many false statements and misrepresentations that have appeared in the public papers.

"We are stated in all the papers to have turned out for an advance