it is used to draw up the sacks of corn from the bottom of the mill into the upper part, which is used as a storehouse.

For other particulars connected with windmills the reader may consult Smeaton's Experimental Enquiries, and Gregory's Mechanics. WINDOW, an aperture or open place in the wall of a house to let in the light. (See ARCHITECTURE.) The word is Welch, uynt dor, signifying the passage for the wind. Window is yet provincially denominated windor in Lancashire; i. e. wind-door, or the passage for air, as that for people was peculiarly called the door. Before the use of glass became general, which was not till towards the end of the twelfth century, the windows in Britain seem generally to have been composed of paper. Properly prepared with oil, this forms no contemptible defence against the intrusions of the weather, and makes no incompetent opening for the admission of the light. It is still used by our architects for the temporary windows of unfinished houses, and not unfrequently for the regular ones of our work-shops. But some of the principal buildings we may reasonably suppose to have been windowed in a superior manner. They could, however, be furnished merely with lattices of wood or sheets of linen, as these two remained the only furniture of our cathedrals nearly to the eighth century; and the lattices continued in some of the meaner towns of Lancashire to the eighteenth; and in many districts of Wales, and many of the adjoining parts of England, are in use even to the present moment. These seem all to have been fixed in frames that were called capsamenta, and now therefore casements in Wales and Lancashire.

1.

To WINDOW. v. a. (from the noun.) To furnish with windows (Wotton). 2. To place at a window (Shakspeare). 3. To break into openings (Shakspeare).

WINDPIPE. s. (wind and pipe.) The passage for the breath (Arbuthnot).

WIND-SAILS, in a ship, are made of the common sail cloth, and are usually between twenty-five and thirty feet long, according to the size of the ship, and are of the form of a cone ending obtusely: when they are made use of, they are hoisted by ropes to about two thirds or more of their height, with their bases distended circularly hoops, and their apex hanging downwards in the hatchways of the ship; above each of these one of the common sails is so disposed, that the greatest part of the air rushing against it is directed into the windsail, and conveyed, as through a funnel, into the upper parts of the body of the ship.

WINDSHEIM, an imperial town of Franconia, 28 miles S.W. of Wurtzburg, and 36 S.S.W. of Bamberg. Lon. 10. 25 E. Lat. 49. 25 N.

WINDSOR, a town of Vermont, in the county of Windsor, where the assembly commonly holds its session, although Bennington is the principal town. It is seated on the river Connecticut, 98 miles N.E. of Bennington.

WINDSOR, a town of the state of Connec

ticut, situate on the river Connecticut, three miles N. of Hartford.

WINDSOR, a town of N. Carolina, situate on the Cushai, 23 miles W. of Edenton.

WINDSOR, a considerable borough in Berkshire, seated on an eminence, on the Thames, with a market on Saturday. It is celebrated for its magnificent castle, built originally by William the Conqueror, and enlarged by Henry 1. It was the residence of the suc ceeding monarchs, till Edward III. (who was born in it) caused the ancient building to be taken down, and erected the present structure and St. George's chapel, and instituted the order of the garter. Great additions were made to it by Edward IV., Henry VII., Henry VIII. and Elisabeth. Charles II. restored the castle to its pristine splendour: he enlarged the windows, and made them regular; furnished the royal apartments with paintings; enlarged the terrace walk, made by queen Elisabeth on the N. side of the castle; and carried another terrace round the E. and S. sides. His present majesty has also made very fine improvements in it. This castle is seated on a high hill, which rises by a gentle ascent. On the declivity of this hill is the fine terrace, faced with a rampart of freestone, 1870 feet in length: it is one of the noblest walks in Europe, with respect to strength, grandeur, and prospects. From that part of the castle, called the Round Tower, is an extensive view to London, and into the counties of Berks, Middlesex, Essex, Herts, Bucks, Oxford, Wilts, Hants, Surry, Sussex, Kent, and Bed. ford. St. George's Chapel, or the collegiate church, which stands between the upper and lower courts, is a beautiful Gothic structure, originally erected by Edward III., in 1377, in honour of the order of the garter. Edward IV., finding it not completed, enlarged the design, and began the present building, which was finished by Henry VII. The interior architecture is greatly admired, particularly its stone roof; and the whole was repaired and beautified in 1790. In this chapel are interred Henry VI., Edward IV., Henry VIII., his queen Jane Seymour, and Charles I. The royal foundations in this castle are; the order of the garter, instituted in 1349, consisting of the sovereign, and 25 knights companions, exclusive of the princes of the blood royal; and the royal college of St. George, consisting of a dean, 12 canons, seven minor canons, and 18 poor knights. Opposite the S.E. side of the castle is a modern-built mansion, called the Queen's Lodge, which is the royal residence in summer; and below this is the Lower Lodge, for the accommodation of the younger branches of the royal family. Adjoining the Queen's Lodge is the Little Park, which extends round the N. and E. sides of the castle, and forms a beautiful lawn, four miles in circumference. On the S. side of the town is the Great Park, which is 14 miles in circumference. It has a noble road from the town, through a double plantation of trees, to the Ranger's Lodge, which was a favourite resi