Phylogenetic Methods and the Prehistory of LanguagesPeter Forster, Colin Renfrew McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2006 - 198 Seiten Evolutionary ('phylogenetic') trees were first used to infer lost histories nearly two centuries ago by manuscript scholars reconstructing original texts. Today, computer methods are enabling phylogenetic trees to transform genetics, historical linguistics and even the archaeological study of artefact shapes and styles. But which phylogenetic methods are best suited to retracing the evolution of languages? And which types of language data are most informative about deep prehistory? In this book, leading specialists engage with these key questions. Essential reading for linguists, geneticists and archaeologists, these studies demonstrate how phylogenetic tools are illuminating previously intractable questions about language prehistory. This innovative volume arose from a conference of linguists, geneticists and archaeologists held at Cambridge in 2004. |
Im Buch
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Seite 173
... word lists make it possible to study features of word or language evolution , just as phylogenetic trees of species are used to study aspects of biological trait evo- lution and adaptation . Words or vocabulary , grammar and syntax are ...
... word lists make it possible to study features of word or language evolution , just as phylogenetic trees of species are used to study aspects of biological trait evo- lution and adaptation . Words or vocabulary , grammar and syntax are ...
Seite 177
... lexical terms cor- responding to meaning i on any given tree can be written ... evolution . The posterior probabilities are labelled at each node , and ... evolution For each meaning in M , we estimated q across 500 trees obtained from ...
... lexical terms cor- responding to meaning i on any given tree can be written ... evolution . The posterior probabilities are labelled at each node , and ... evolution For each meaning in M , we estimated q across 500 trees obtained from ...
Seite 179
... lexical replacement . In both language families , meanings with higher ... evolution shows that the two phenomena are not interchange- able . These ... evolution , q , for the IE meanings versus the q obtained for the same Bantu meaning ...
... lexical replacement . In both language families , meanings with higher ... evolution shows that the two phenomena are not interchange- able . These ... evolution , q , for the IE meanings versus the q obtained for the same Bantu meaning ...
Inhalt
CLARE J HOLDEN RUSSELL D GRAY | 19 |
Bantu Classification Bantu Trees and Phylogenetic Methods | 43 |
Chapter 6 | 67 |
Urheberrecht | |
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Albanian algorithms Anatolian Archaeological assumptions Bantu languages Bantu trees Bastin Bayesian binary Biology borrowing branch lengths Cambridge Chapter clade cladistics classification coded cognate cognate class cognate sets comparative computational correspondences data set data-cognate dating dialects distribution divergence Dyen East Bantu edge English estimates evidence evolutionary example Figure Forster genetic Germanic glottochronology Gray & Atkinson Greek guages Historical Linguistics Hittite Holden homoplasy Indo-European languages Indo-Iranian inference innovations islands language data language evolution language family lexical evolution lexical replacement lexicostatistics likelihood Malagasy Markov matrix maximum parsimony McDonald Institute McMahon meaning Molecular morphological Mycenaean Neighbor-Net Nichols nodes Pagel parameters phonetic phonological characters phylogenetic methods phylogenetic trees phylogeny posterior probability probability problem Proto-Indo-European rates of lexical reconstruction relationships Renfrew reticulations root semantic slot similar split splits graph statistical subgroup Swadesh Swadesh list telic tion Tocharian verbs vocabulary Warnow word lists zone