ONYX.

as mineral, 81.

ORDINANCE OF 1785.

disposal of mineral lands, 1080.

minerals reserved from sale of public lands by, 1080.
reservation of copper, goid, lead, and silver, 1080.
section 16 dedicated as school lands, 1080.

OREGON.

coal lands excepted from lands donated to settlers, 1087.
enabling act directory as to selection of salt springs, 1269.
excepts minerals, 1268.

grant of salines to, 1268.

salt springs to, 1262.

limited to twelve, 1268.

laws of, extended to Alaska, 873.

minerals excepted from lands donated to settlers, 1087.
mineral lands excepted from wagon road grants, 1276, 1279.
in, reserved from railroad grant, 1129.

no mineral districts within timber-cutting act, 1339.

not included in mining districts under timber-cutting act, 1338.

proof of mineral character of lieu lands, 1269.

salines excepted from lands donated to settlers, 1087.

salt springs excluded from grant where private rights are vested, 1268.
selection by State, 1269.

of lieu lands, 1269.

salines by, 1269.

statute as legislative sanction of miners' rules, 657.

surveyor general, 1087.

time for selection of salt springs, 1269.

of making selection, 1269.

title to coal lands, 1087.

town-site laws not in force in, 1376.

OREGON CENTRAL RAILROAD CO.
minerals excepted from grant to, 1141.

ORES.

See also Intersecting veins, Mineral deposits, Minerals, Ownership, Veins or lodes.
as part of vein, 132.

burden of proof as to ownership, 155.

iron not included in "or other valuable ores," 1083.

locator's right to, without purchasing land, 112.

ownership at intersection of veins, 589, 705.

when veins intersect, 721.

presumption as to ownership, 131.

removing as prima facie trespass, 160.

right to dig passes to heirs, 126.

mine as property, 123.

taxation, 97.

taxes on, enforced by sale, 98.

tunnel owner's right to take, 171.

within space of intersection, 590.

ORIGINAL COAL-LAND ACT.

See also Coal sections, Coal statutes, Mining statutes.

sale of coal lands, 791.

ORLEANS.

lead mines, 1242.

salines, 1242.

salt springs, 1242.

OSAGE INDIANS.

See Indian lands, Oil and gas lands.

oil lands, 1026.

OUSTER.

See also Ejectment, Possessory rights.

upon and beneath surface, 160.

OUTCROP.

See also Apex, Discovery.

minerals need not be exposed to view, 105.

slight deviations do not affect extralateral rights, 138.
synonymous with apex, 105.

OVERLAPPING LOCATIONS.

See also Adverse claims, Conflict area, Conflicting locations, Contiguous claims, Group claims, Posses-
sory rights.

department regulations as to, 158.

discovery does not relate back, 88.

shaft on prior location, 88.

effect and validity, 88.

first discovery gives prior right, 88.
in shaft, 70.

made by intruder, 224.

priority of discovery in, 73.

rights in patent proceedings, 327.

race of diligence, 88.

right of first discoverer, 70.

rights determined by priority of discovery, 73.

senior location void, 90.

validity of junior location, 158.

OWL CREEK COAL CO.

operating Gebo mine, 828.

OWNERSHIP.

See also Blanket vein, Coal mined, Intersecting veins, Minerals, Ores, Veins or lodes.
all beneath surface, 114.

PATENT.

See also Coal entry, Coal lands, Collateral attack, Conclusiveness, Entry, Equitable title, Land De-
partment, Legal title, Mining locations, Patent proceedings, Placer locations, Possessory rights,
Possessory title, Statute of limitations, Title, Tunnel locations.

absence of conflict necessary, 665.

acceptance of, as waiver of rights, 667.

for part not a waiver as to residue, 406.

not a waiver of extralateral rights, 699.

additional surface ground not included after issuance, 305.
adverse claims not provided for after issuance, 430.

possession entitles locator to, 548.

for a statutory period gives right to, 548.
agricultural, defeated by presence of known mines, 425.
entryman entitled to limited, 823.

must except vested water rights, 722.

amendment to aid in determining subject matters of, 505.
amount of improvements as condition for, 653.

land included under mineral-land laws in Alaska, 1379.

annual labor not a condition for, 236.

required after, 189.

any number of contiguous placers concluded, 522.
applicant's failure to comply with mining law, 386.
application. See Patent proceeding.

of doctrine of relation, 701.

area of placer location in Alaska, 875.

as a conveyance, 666.

abandonment of rights acquired under original act, 667.
evidence of proceedings, 403.

PATENT-Continued.

can not be resisted by occupants without title, 162
limit rights on intersecting vein, 572.

carries title to apexing vein or lode, 413.

certified list equivalent to, 854.

channel of title from Government, 412.
citizenship of applicant, 523.

clause excepting water rights, 660.
reserving coal, 823.

town-site rights, 1375.

coal deposits not included, 1096.

discovered after preemption entry, 1088.

coal lands, 750.

limited, 817.

restricted, 813.

reserved for State selections, 818.

without consent of noncoal purchaser, 823.

collateral attack, 419.

of void patent, 421.

complete conveyance of apexing vein or lode, 410.

compliance with local laws and customs as conditions, 662.
miners' rules and customs, 663.

provisions as to labor and expenditures necessary 345.
requirements essential, 401.

statutes entitles applicant to, 333.

statutory provision, 663.

conclusive against collateral attack, 1135, 1338.

parties not in privity, 1138.

third persons, 409, 419.

as to date of location, 418.

location and discovery, 397.

nonmineral character of land, 1135.

regularity of previous steps, 417.
proceedings, 1135.

on failure to adverse, 380.

presumptions as to, 414.

conclusiveness, 298, 412, 417, 494.

as against adverse claimant, 385.

town-site claimant, 1361.

to Government, 1133.