233 REVIEW.-Memoirs of Samuel Pepys, Esq. "3rd. About four o'clock in the morning, my Lady Batten sent me a cart to carry away all my money, and plate, and best things, to Sir W. Rider's, at Bednallgreen. Which I did, riding myself in my nightgown in the cart; and, Lord! to see how the streets and the highways are crowded with people running and riding, and gettin of carts at any rate to fetch away things. find Sir W. Rider tired with being called up all night, and receiving things from several friends. His house full of goods, and much of Sir W. Batten's and Sir W. Pen's. I am eased at my heart to have my treasure so well secured. Then home, and with much ado to find a way, nor any sleep all this night to me nor my poor wife. But then all this day she and I, and all my people labouring, to get away the rest of our things, and did get Mr. Tooker to get me a lighter to take them in, and we did get them (my self some) over Tower-Hill, which was by this time full of people's goods, bringing their goods thither; and down to the lighter, which lay at the next quay above the Tower Dock. And here was my neighbour's wife Mrs. with her pretty child, and some few of her things, which I did willingly give way to be saved with mine; but there was no passing with any thing through the postern, the crowd was so great. The Duke of York come this day by the office, and spoke to us, and did ride with his guard up and down the City to keep all quiet (he being now General, and having the care of all). This day, Mercer being not at home, but against her mistress's order gone to her mother's, and my wife going thither to speak with W. Hewer, beat her there, and was angry; and her mother saying that she was not a 'prentice girl, to ask leave every time she goes abroad, my wife with good reason was angry; and when she come home bid her begone again. And so she went away, which troubled me, but yet less than it would, because of the condition we are in, in fear of coming in a little time to being less able to keep one in her quality, At night lay down a little upon a quilt of W. Hewer's, in the office, all my own things being packed up or gone; and after me my poor wife did the like, we having fed upon the remains of yesterday's dinner, having no fire nor dishes, nor any opportunity of dressing any thing. 4th. Up by break of day, to get away the remainder of my things, which I did by a lighter at the Iron gate and my hands so full, that it was the afternoon before we could get them all away. Sir W. Pen and I to the Tower-street, and there met the fire buruing three or four doors beyond Mr. Howell's, whose goods, poor man, his trayes, and dishes, and shovells, &c. were flung all along Tower-street in the kennels, and people working therewith from one end to the other; the fire coming on. in that [Sept. narrow street, on both sides, with infinite fury. Sir W. Batten not knowing how to remove his wine, did dig a pit in the garden, and laid it in there; and I took the opportunity of laying all the papers of my office that I could not otherwise dispose of. And in the evening, Sir W. Pen and I did dig anparmazan cheese, as well as my wine and other, and put our wine in it; and Ï my some other things. The Duke of York was at the office this day, at Sir W. Pen's; but I happened not to be within. This afternoon, sitting melancholy with Sir W. Pen in our garden, and thinking of the certain burning of this office, without extraordinary means, I did propose for the sending up of all our workmen from the Woolwich and Deptford yards (none whereof yet appeared), and to write to Sir W. Coventry to have the Duke of York's permission to pull down houses, rather than lose this office, which would much injure the King's business. So Sir W. Pen went down this night, in order to the sending them up to-morrow morning; and I wrote to Sir W. Coventry about the business*, but received no answer. This night Mrs. Turner (who poor wonian was removing her goods all this day, good goods into the garden, and knows not how to dispose of them), and her husband supped with my wife and me at night, in the office, upon a shoulder of mutton from the cook's, without any napkin, or any thing, in a sad manner, but were merry. Only now and then walking into the garden, saw how hor ribly the sky looks, all on a fire in the night, was enough to put us out of our wits; and, indeed, it was extremely dreadful, for it looked just as if it was at us, and the whole heaven on fire. I after supper walked in the dark down to Tower-street, and there saw it all on fire; at the Trinity-house on that side, and the Dolphin taverns on this side, which was very near us; and the fire with extraordinary vehemence. Now begins the practice of blowing up of houses in Tower-street, those next the Tower, which at first did frighten people more than any thing; but it stopped the fire where it was done, it bringing down the houses to the ground in the same places they stood, and then it was easy to quench what little fire was in it, though it kindled nothing almost. W. Hewer went this day to see how his mother did, and comes late home, telling us how he hath been forced to remove her to Islington, her house in Pye-corner being burned so that the fire is got so far that way, and to the Old Bayly, and was running down to Fleet-street; and Paul's is burned, and all Cheapside. I wrote to my A copy of this letter is preserved among the Pepys MSS. in the author's own handwriting; and printed in vol. i. p. 450, of the Memoirs. father 1825.] REVIEW. Memoirs of Samuel Pepys, Esq. father this night, but the post-office being burned, the letter could not go. "5th. I lay down in this office again upon W. Hewer's quilt, being mighty weary, and sore in my feet, with going till I was hardly able to stand. About two in the morning my wife calls me up, and tells me of new cryes of fire, it being come to Barking Church, which is the bottom of our lane*. I up; and finding it so, resolved presently to take her away; and did, and took my gold, which was about 2350l. W. Hewer, and Jane, down by Proundy's boat to Woolwich; but, Lord! what a sad sight it was by moonlight to see the whole City almost on fire, that you might see it plain at Woolwich, as if you were by it. There, when I come, I find the gates shut, but no guard kept at all; which troubled me, because of discourses now begun, that there is plot in it, and that the French had done it. I got the gates open, and to Mr. Shelden's, where I locked up my gold, and charged my wife and W. Hewer never to leave the room without one of them in it night nor day. So back again, by the way seeing my goods well in the lighters at Deptford, and watched well by people home, and whereas I expected to have seen our house on fire, it being now about seven o'clock, it was not. But to the fire, and there find greater hopes than I expected; for, my confidence of finding our office on fire was such, that I durst not ask any body how it was with us, till I come and saw it was not burned. But going to the fire, I find by the blowing up of houses, and the great help given by the workmen out of the King's Yards, sent up by Sir W. Pen, there is a good stop given to it, as well at Markelane end, as ours; it having only burned the dyall of Barking Church, and part of the purch, and was there quenched. I up to the top of Barking steeple, and there saw the saddest sight of desolation that I ever saw; every where great fires, oyle cellars, and brimstone, and other things, burning, I became afraid to stay there long, and therefore down again as fast as I could, the fire being spread as far as I could see it; and to Sir W. Pen's, and there eat a piece of cold meat, having eaten nothing t since Sunday but the remains of Sunday's dinner. Here I met with Mr. Young and Whistler, and having removed all my things, and received good hopes that the fire at our end is stopped, they and I walked into the town, and find Fanchurch-street, Gracious-street, and Lumbard-street, all in dust. The Exchange a sad sight, nothing standing there, of all the statues or pillars, but Sir Thomas Gresham's picture in the corner. Into Moorefields (our feet ready to burn, walking 239 through the town among the hot coles), and find that full of people, and poor wretches carrying their goods there, and every body keeping his goods together by themselves (and a great blessing it is to them that it is fair weather for them to keep abroad night and day); drunk there, and paid twopence for a plain penny loaf. Thence homeward, having passed through Cheapside, and Newgate-market, all burned; and seen Anthony Joyce's house in fire. And took up (which keep by me) a piece of glass of Mercers' Chapel, in the street, where much more was, so melted and buckled with the heat of the fire, like parchment; I also did see a poor cat taken out of a hole in the chimney, joyning to the wall of the Exchange, with the hair all burnt off the body, and yet alive. So home at night, and find there good hopes of saving our office; but great endeavours of watching all night, and having men ready; and so we lodged them in the office, and had drink and bread and cheese for them. And I lay down and slept a good, night about midnight; though when I rose I heard that there had been a great alarm of French and Dutch being risen, which proved nothing. But it is a strange thing to see how long this time did look since Sunday, having been always full of variety of actions, and little sleep, that it looked like a week or more, and I had forgot almost the day of the week. "6th. Up about five o'clock; and met Mr. Gauden at the gate of the office (I intending to go out, as I used, every now and then to-day, to see how the fire is), to call our men to Bishop's-gate, where no fire had yet been near, and there is now one broke out: which did give great grounds to people and to me too to think that there was a kind of plot in this (on which many by this time have been taken, and it hath been dangerous for any stranger to walk in the streets), but I went with the men, and we did put it out in a little time, so that that was well again, It was pretty to see how hard the women did work in the cannells, sweeping of water; but then they should scold for drink, and be as drunk as devils. I saw good butts of sugar broke open in the street, and people give and take handsfull out and put into beer, and drink it. And now all being pretty well, I took boat, and over to Southwarke, and took boat on the other side the bridge, and so to Westminster, thinking to shift myself, being all in dirt from top to bottom; but could not then find any place to buy a shirt or a pair of gloves, Westminster Hall being full of people's goods, those in Westminster having removed all their goods, and the Exchequer money put into vessels to carry to Nonsuch, but to the Swan, and there was trimmed: and then Nonsuch House near Epsom, where the Exchequer had been formerly kept. to 240 REVIEW. Dr. Parr's Letter to Dr. Milner. to White-Hall, but saw nobody; and so home. A sad sight to see how the river looks no houses nor Church near it, to the Temple, where it stopped. At home did go with Sir W. Batten, and our neighbour, Knightly (who with one more, was the only man of any fashion left in all the neighbourhood thereabouts, they all removing their goods, and leaving their houses to the mercy of the fire), to Sir R. Ford's, and there dined in an earthen platter-a fried breast of mutton; a great many of us, but very merry, and indeed as good a meal, though as ugly a one as ever I had in my life. Thence down to Deptford, and there with great satisfaction landed all my goods at Sir G. Carteret's, safe, and nothing missed, I could see or hear. This being done to my great content, I home, to Sir W. Batten's, and there with Sir R. Ford, Mr. Knightly, and one Withers, a professed lying rogue, supped well, and mighty merry, and our fears over. From them to the office, and there slept with the office full of labourers, who talked, and slept, and walked all night long there. But strange it is to see Clothworkers' Hall on fire, these three days and nights in one body of flame, it being the cellar full of oyle. "7th. Up by five o'clock; and, blessed be God! find all well; and by water to Paul's Wharf. Walked thence, and saw all the towne burned, and a miserable sight of Paul's Church, with all the roofs fallen, and the body of the quire fallen into St. Fayth's; Paul's school also, Ludgate, and Fleetstreet. My father's house, and the Church, and a good part of the Temple the like. So to Creed's lodging near the New Exchange, and there find him laid down upon a bed; the house all unfurnished, there being fears of the fires coming to them. There borrowed a shirt of him, and washed. To Sir W. Coventry at St. James's, who lay without curtains, having removed all his goods; as the King at White-Hall, and every body had done, and was doing. He hopes we shall have no public distractions upon this fire, which is what every body fears, because of the talk of the French having a hand in it. And it is a proper time for discontents; but all men's minds are full of care to protect themselves, and save their goods: the militia is in arms every where. Our fleetes, he tells me, have been in sight one of an other, and most unhappily by fowle weather were parted, to our great loss, as in reason they do conclude; the Dutch being come out only to make a shew, and please their people; but in very bad condition as to stores, victuals, and men. They are at Boulogne, and our fleete come to St. Ellen's. We have got nothing, but have lost one ship, but he knows not what. Thence to the Swan, and there drank and so home, and find all well, My Lord Brouncker, at Sir W. Batten's, tells us the Generall is [Sept, sent for up, to come to advise with the King about business at this juncture, and to keep all quiet; which is great honour to him, but I am sure is but a piece of dissimulation. So home, and did give orders for my house to be made clean, and then down to Woolwich, and there find all well. Dined, and Mrs. Markham come to see my wife. This day our Merchants first met at Gresham College, which by proclamation is to be their Exchange. Strange to hear what is bid for houses all up and down here; a friend of Sir W. Rider's having 150l. for what he used to let for 40l. per ann. Much dispute where the Custom-house shall be; thereby the growth of the City again to be foreseen. My Lord Treasurer, they say, and others, would have it at the other end of the town. I home late, to Sir W. Pen's, who did give me a bed; but without curtains or hangings, all being down. So here I went the first time into a naked bed, only my drawers on; and did sleep pretty well, but still both sleeping and waking, had a fear of fire in my heart, that I took little rest. People do all the world over cry out of the simplicity of my Lord Mayor in generall; and more particularly in this business of the fire, laying it all upon him. A proclamation is come out for markets to be kept at Leadenhall and Mile-end-greene, and several other places about the town; and Tower-hill, and all Churches to be set open to receive poor people." (To be continued.) 46. A Letter to the Rev. Dr. Milner, occasioned by some Passages contained in his Book, entitled "The End of Religious Controversy." By the late Rev. S. Parr, LL.D. 8vo. pp. 60. Mawman. FROM this animated Letter (written originally in 1818, for the express which its length alone prevented,) we purpose of insertion in our Magazine, feel it an imperative duty to make some copious extracts; which we consider as an act of justice, not only to our late worthy Friend Dr. Parr, but to Bp. Halifax, whose Warburtonian Lectures we heard from the pulpit, and afterwards ushered into the world from our press; and also to Dr. Milner, whom we have known and much respected as an Antiquary and a Scholar for nearly half a century. We shall begin with an extract from the Preface of the Rev. John Lynes, the grandson by marriage, and one of the executors, of Dr. Parr : "The following Letter to the Right Reverend Dr. Joseph Milner was found among the papers of the late Reverend Dr. Samuel Parr after his decease. In present 1825.] REVIEW.-Dr. Parr's Letter to Dr. Milner. ing it to the publick, the Editor disclaims any secret motives to serve imaginary interests, or insinuate his own private opinions on a public question. He attacks no man, or body of men, in putting it to press. He is neither a polemic nor a politician; and as he is not excited by the zeal of the one, nor by the enthusiasm of the other, so is he not to be deterred by the dread of the hostility of either. A sacred trust has been reposed in him by the Will and last commands of his revered and venerable grandfather, and he enters upon his career of performing it by bringing out this Letter as the first fruits of the deposit, committed to his charge. "The Letter was originally written for the Gentleman's Magazine *; but afterthoughts enlarged its dimensions, and other reasons, unnecessary to detail, prevented its publication in that form. The design of publishing it, however, was never abandoned, and three different copies, each left more finished than the other+, demonstrate the author's zeal and his intentions. "Inflexible in his love of truth, ardent in the pursuit of it upon all subjects, never ceasing to inculcate it upon others, and ever most scrupulously adhering to it himself, the Author could not see a statement such as Dr. Milner has sanctioned, without feeling it a duty to the characters thus aspersed, to his own high sense of justice, and to every sincere well-wisher of the Church of England, to call upon Dr. Milner for the proofs of his statements, or a retractation of his assertion. "For so great a lover of truth was Dr. Parr, that in all he has written it seemed to be his chief motive, as in all his actions it was the main spring. This fact, so well known to all those who were acquainted with him, will be clearly discerned by any one, who chooses to examine his writings with attention and with candour. "Of his devotedness to pure religion, his preaching and his writings will be everlasting monuments. Of his attachment to the Church of England in particular, the following treatise is only one out of a great number of proofs; and it will be seen hereafter, that he was not only a faithful follower of his Divine Master in his life and in his doctrines, but that he did not, as frequently has been asserted, "hide his light under a bushel, or conceal his talent in a napkin ;" nor reserve for party purposes, for dogmatical discussion, and for mere display, the inexhaustible stores of his intellect. It has "Since this was written, a Letter, of which I had not heard before, has appeared in the Gentleman's Magazine, explaining Dr. Parr's intentions to Mr. Nichols. J. L." See Part i. P. 388. + The latest date is "June 1819." GENT. MAG. September, 1825. 241 been too much the fashion to say that Dr. Parr has done little either for the cause of religion or learning, in comparison to what he might have done, had he employed his leisure in preparing materials, and occupied his mind wholly and solely on the completion of some great work on some great subject; and even some of the molles and delicatuli in the world of letters venture to exclaim, "What has he ever done?" To such he might proudly and justly say, σχεδόν τι μωροις μωρίαν ὀφλισκάνω. Amidst the drudgeries of the occupation of schoolmaster, and the sacred duties of a parish priest-amidst some of the distractions of domestic, and some of the perturbations of public life, his lofty mind did find leisure to pour out a few precious drops from the copious fountain of his accomplishments. Even amidst these embarrassments, Dr. Parr has published more than many of those who have been eulogised for their diligence, and received the public reward of their learning. "But it is not only in what he has already printed, or what he has preached, or what he has written and left for publication, that he has been useful to learning and to morals; he has been the constant and diligent, though silent, friend of men of letters, even by contributions to many of their publications in all parts of this great empire. In Ireland, in Scotland, from all quarters, his literary bounty has been sought and obtained; and perhaps in no age, or in any country, has there been a scholar equally serviceable to the general cause of learning by his liberal and generous distributions of knowledge and instruction. "So much I have thought it necessary to say, both for the purpose of dissipating a prejudice and stating a fact. The works he has already published, when collected, would probably constitute two quarto volumes *; and if what he has left were to be all given to the world, I believe it would comprise a greater mass of theological, metaphysical, philological, and classical learning, than has ever yet been published by any one English scholar. "This Letter to Dr. Milner, I feel assured, will sufficiently prove, even to the incredulous, that he was not lukewarm in his zeal for Christianity, nor for the interests of that “best Establishment of Christianity," as Bishop Hurd expresses it, the Church of England; that he was not indifferent to the Both these, and a copious Selection from his unpublished writings, it is hoped, will in due time be given to the publick; but we earnestly recommend to those concerned to begin with some ample Memoirs of the good Doctor, as a Prelude to any future publication.-EDIT. charac. 242 REVIEW. Dr. Parr's Letter to Dr. Milner. character of her prelates and her ministers; and that he has even stepped forward manfully, when the infirmities of nature were creeping upon him, to vindicate her honour. He was indeed a follower of Jesus-he knew in whom he believed. He was indeed a minister of the Church of England-he knew well that the rites and doctrines of that Pro testant Church were the best rational foun dations of a Christian Establishment. For he was a Protestant after the manner of Chillingworth, and it was his constant declaration,-THE Bible, the BIBLE ONLY, IS THE RELIGION OF PROTESTANTS! Whatever else they believe beside it, and the plain, irrefragable, indubitable, consequences of it, well may they hold it as a matter of opinion. I, for my part, after a long and (as I verily believe and hope) impartial search of the true way to eternal happiness, do profess plainly, that I cannot find any rest for the sole of my foot, but upon this rock only.' Chillingworth, Part I. c. 6. p. 335. JOHN LYNES. Elmley Lovett, near Worcester, May 29th, 1825." Dr. Parr's Letter begins with the manly firmness, and at the same time with the courtesy of manners, for which that nervous writer was peculiarly distinguished: "Reverend and learned Sir," I have lately read, with the greatest attention, very interesting and elaborate work, which bears your celebrated name, and to which you have prefixed this title: The End of religious Controversy, in a friendly Correspondence between a religious Society of Protestants and a Roman Catholic Divine, addressed to the Right Reverend Dr. Burgess, Lord Bishop of St. David's, in answer to his Lordship's Protestant Catechism.' "The contents of that book have not lessened the high opinion which I had long entertained of your acuteness as a polemic, your various researches as a theologian, and your talent for clear and animated composition. I acknowledge, too, that in my judgment you have been successful in your endeavours to vindicate the members of the Church of Rome from the imputations of impiety, idolatry, and blasphemy, in their worship of glorified saints, and in their adoration of the sacramental elements, which they believe to have been mystically transubstantiated into the body and blood of Christ." Dr. Parr then enters minutely into the general subject of Dr. Milner's Work, quoting from it numerous pas sages, which he ably and successfully combats; particularly on the subject of "Miracles," from those of "the apostolic Polycarp, and his disciple Trenæus," to those of our own age, in [Sept. which, according to Dr. Milner, supernatural cures were experienced. "First, by Joseph Lamb, of Eccles, near Manchester, who, on the 12th of August, 1814, fell from a hayrick four yards and a half high, by which accident the spine of his back was supposed to be broken; but upon the 2nd of October, having gained with difficulty the permission of his father, who was a Protestant, to be carried with his wife, and two friends, in a cart to Garswood, near Wigan, got himself conveyed to the altar rails of a chapel, where the hand of who suffered death at Lancaster for the F. Arrowsmith, one of the Catholic Priests Charles I. is preserved, and has often caused exercise of his religion in the reign of wonderful cures; and having been signed in that chapel on his back with the sign of the cross by that hand, and feeling a particular sensation and total change in himself as he expressed, exclaimed to his wife, Mary, I can walk. (p. 178.) Secondly, by Winefred White, a young woman of Wolverhampton, in 1805, who, having been long afflicted with a curvature of the spine followed by hemiplegia, performed the acts of devotion which she felt herself called to undertake, and having bathed in the fountain on the 29th of June, 1805, found herself, in one instant of time, freed from all her pains and disabilities, so as to be able to walk, run, and jump, like any other young person, and to carry a greater weight with the left arm than she could with the right. Thirdly, by Mary Wood, now living at Taunton Lodge, who, in 1809, having severely wounded her left hand through a pane of glass, determined, with the approbation of her superior, to have recourse to God through the intercession of St. Winefred by a Novena, or certain prayers continued during nine days; who accordingly put a piece of moss from the saint's well on her arm on the 6th of August, and continued recollecting and praying, when, to her great surprise, the next morning, she found she could dress herself, put her arms behind her and to her head, having regained the use and full strength of it; and who, in short, was perfectly cured." We now come to the main object of this spirited Letter. "Your note, on the passage which I just now cited from your book, concludes thus: Some Bishops of the Established Church, for instance, Goodman and Cheyney of Gloucester, and Gordon of Glasgow, PROCatholics. A long list of titled or other BABLY, ALSO, HALIFAX OF ST. ASAPH, died distinguished personages, who have either returned to the Catholic faith, or for the first time embraced it on their death-beds in modern times, might be named here, if it were prudent to do so." "I enquire not, Sir, after the illustrious per |