OLD AND NEW LONDON:

A NARRATIVE OF

ITS HISTORY, ITS PEOPLE, AND ITS PLACES.

BY

WALTER THORNBURY.

A NEW EDITION, CAREFULLY REVISED AND CORRECTED.

Illustrated with numerous Engravings from the most Authentic Sources.

减

CASSELL, PETTER, GALPIN & Co.:

LONDON, PARIS & NEW YORK.

INTRODUCTION

CONTENTS.

PACK

CHAPTER I.

ROMAN LONDON

Buried London-Our Early Relations-The Founder of London-A Distinguished Visitor at Romney Marsh-Cæsar re-visits the "Town on

the Lake"-The Borders of Old London-Cæsar fails to make much out of the Britons-King Brown-The Derivation of the Name of

London-The Queen of the Iceni-London Stone and London Roads-London's Earlier and Newer Walls-The Site of St. Paul's-

Fabulous Claims to Idolatrous Renown-Existing Relics of Roman London-Treasures from the Bed of the Thames-What we Tread

underfoot in London-A vast Field of Story

CHAPTER II.

TEMPLE BAR.

16

Temple Bar-The Golgotha of English Traitors-When Temple Bar was made of Wood-Historical Pageants at Temple Bar-The Associa

tions of Temple Bar-Mischievous Processions through Temple Bar-The First Grim Trophy-Rye-House Plot Conspirators

CHAPTER III.

FLEET STREET:-GENERAL INTRODUCTION.

Flays in Fleet Street-Chaucer and the Friar-The Duchess of Gloucester doing Penance for Witchcraft-Riots between Law Students and

Citizens-Prentice Riots-Oates in the Pillory-Entertainments in Fleet Street-Shop Signs -Burning the Boot-Trial of Hardy-

Queen Caroline's Funeral

22

32

CHAPTER IV.

FLEET STREET (continued).

Dr. Johnson in Ambuscade at Temple Bar-The First Child-Dryden and Black Will-Rupert's Jewels-Telson's Bank-The Apollo Club at

the "Devil"-" Old Sir Simon the King"-" Mull Sack"-Dr. Johnson's Supper to Mrs. Lennox-Will Waterproof at the "Cock "—

The Duel at " Dick's Coffee House"-Lintot's Shop-Pope and Warburton-Lamb and the Albion-The Palace of Cardinal Wolsey-

Mrs. Salmon's Waxwork-Isaak Walton-Praed's Bank-Murray and Byron-St. Dunstan's-Fleet Street Printers-Hoare's Bank and

the "Golden Bottle"-The Real and Spurious "Mitre "-Hone's Trial-Cobbett's Shop-" Peele's Coffee House"

CHAPTER V.

FLEET STREET (continued).

The "Green Dragon"-Tompion and Pinchbeck-The Record-St. Bride's and its Memories-Punch and his Contributors-The Dispatch-

The Daily Telegraph-The "Globe Tavern" and Goldsmith-The Morning Advertiser-The Standard-The London Magazine-A

Strange Story-Alderman Waithman-Brutus Billy-Hardham and his "37"

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CHAPTER VI.

FLEET STREET (NORTHERN TRIBUTARIES-SHIRE LANE AND BELL YARD).

The Kit-Kat Club-The Toast for the Year-Little Lady Mary-Drunken John Sly-Garth's Patients-Club Removed to Barn Elms-Steele

at the "Trumpet "-Rogues' Lane-Murder-Beggars' Haunts-Thieves' Dens-Coiners-Theodore Hook in Hemp's Sponging-house-

Pope in Bell Yard-Minor Celebrities-Apollo Court

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CHAPTER VII.

FLEET STREET (NORTHERN TRIBUTARIES-CHANCERY LANE).

The As lum for Jewish Converts-The Rolls Chapel-Ancient Monuments-A Speaker Expelled for Bribery-"Remember Cæsar"-Trampling

on a Master of the Rolls-Sir William Grant's Oddities-Sir John Leach-Funeral of Lord Gifford-Mrs. Clark and the Duke of York

-Wolsey in his Pomp-Strafford-“Honest Isaak"-The Lord Keeper-Lady Fanshawe-Jack Randal-Serjeants' Inn-An Evening

with Hazlitt at the "Southampton"-Charles Lamb- Sheridan-The Sponging Houses-The Law Institute-A Tragical Story

CHAPTER VIII.

FLEET STREET (NORTHERN TRIBUTARIES-continued).

Clifford's Inn-Dyer's Chambers-The Settlement after the Great Fire-Peter Wilkins and his Flying Wives-Fetter Lane-Waller's Plot and

its Victims-Praise-God Barebone and his Doings-Charles Lamb at School-Hobbes the Philosopher-A Strange Marriage-Mrs.

Brownrigge-Paul White head-The Moravians-The Record Office and its Treasures-Rival Poets.

CHAPTER IX.

FLEET STREET TRIBUTARIES-CRANE COURT, JOHNSON'S COURT, BOLT COURT.

Removal of the Royal Society from Gresham College-Opposition to Newton-Objections to Removal-The First Catalogue-Swift's Jeer at

the Society-Franklin's Lightning Conductor and King George III.-Sir Hans Sloane insulted-The Scottish Society-Wilkes's Printer

-The Delphin Classics-Johnson's Court-Johnson's Opinion on Pope and Dryden-His Removal to Bolt Court-The John Bull-

Hook and Terry-Prosecutions for Libel-Hook's Impudence

PACE

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CHAPTER X.

FLEET STREET TRIBUTARIES.

Dr. Johnson in Bolt Court-His Motley Household-His Life there-Still existing-The Gallant "Lumber Troop "-Reform Bill Riots-Sir

Claudius Hunter-Cobbett in Bolt Court-The Bird Boy-The Private Soldier-In the House-Dr. Johnson in Gough Square-Busy at

the Dictionary-Goldsmith in Wine Office Court-Selling "The Vicar of Wakefield "-Goldsmith's Troubles-Wine Office Court-The

Old "Cheshire Cheese"

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CHAPTER XI.

FLEET STREET TRIBUTARIES-SHOE LANE.

The First Lucifers-Perkins' Steam Gun-A Link between Shakespeare and Shoe Lane-Florio and his Labours-"Cogers' Hall"-Famous

'Cogers"-A Saturday Night's Debate-Gunpowder Alley-Richard Lovelace, the Cavalier Poet-"To Althea, from Prison"-Lilly

the Astrologer and his Knaveries-A Search for Treasure with Davy Ramsay-Hogarth in Harp Alley-The "Society of Sign Painters"

-Hudson, the Song Writer-" Jack Robinson "-The Bishop's Residence-Bangor House-A Strange Story of Unstamped Newspapers

-Chatterton's Death-Curious Legend of his Burial-A well-timed Joke
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CHAPTER XII.

FLEET STREET TRIBUTARIES-SOUTH.

Worthy Mr. Fisher-Lamb's Wednesday Evenings-Persons one would wish to have seen-Ram Alley-Serjeant's Inn-The Daily News-

"Memory" Woodfall-A Mug-House Riot-Richardson's Printing Office-Fielding and Richardson-Johnson's Estimate of Richardson

-Hogarth and Richardson's Guest-An Egotist Rebuked-The Kin~'s "Housewife "-Caleb Colton: his Life, Works, and Sentiments 135

CHAPTER XIII.

THE TEMPLE.-GENERAL INTRODUCTION.

Origin of the Order of Templars-First Home of the Order-Removal to the Banks of the Thames-Rules of the Order-The Templars at the

Crusades, and their Deeds of Valour-Decay and Corruption of the Order-Charges brought against the Knights-Abolition of the Order 147

CHAPTER XIV.

THE TEMPLE CHURCH AND PRECINCT.

The Temple Church-Its Restorations-Discoveries of Antiquities-The Penitential Cell-Discipline in the Temple-The Tombs of the

Templars in the "Round "-William and Gilbert Marshall-Stone Coffins in the Churchyard-Masters of the Temple-The "Judicious"

Hooker Edmund Gibbon, the Historian-The Organ in the Temple Church-The Rival Builders-"Straw Bail "-History of the

Precinct-Chaucer and the Friar-His Mention of the Temple-The Serjeants-Erection of New Buildings-The "Roses "-Sumptuary

Edicts-The Flying Horse

149

CHAPTER XV.

THE TEMPLE (continued).

The Middle Temple Hall: its Roof, Busts, and Portraits-Manningham's Diary-Fox Hunts in Hall-The Grand Revels-Spencer-Sir J.

Davis-A Present to a King-Masques and Royal Visitors at the Temple-Fires in the Temple-The Last Great Revel in the Hall-

Temple Anecdotes-The Gordon Riots-John Scott and his Pretty Wife-Colman "Keeping Terms"-Blackstone's "Farewell ”—Burke—

Sheridan-A Pair of Epigrams-Hare Court-The Barber's Shop-Johnson and the Literary Club-Charles Lamb-Goldsmith: his Life,

Troubles, and Extravagances-"Hack Work" for Booksellers-The Deserted Village-She Stoops to Conquer-Goldsmith's Death and

Burial.

CHAPTER XVI.

THE TEMPLE (continued).

Fountain Court and the Temple Fountain-Ruth Pinch-L. E. L.'s Poem-Fig-tree Court-The Inner Temple Library-Paper Buildings-

The Temple Gate-Guildford North and Jeffreys-Cowper, the Poet: his Melancholy and Attempted Suicide-A Tragedy in Tanfield

Court-Lord Mansfield-"Mr. Murray" and his Client-Lamb's Pictures of the Temple-The Sun-dials-Porson and his Eccentricities-

Rules of the Temple-Coke and his Labours-Temple Riots-Scuffles with the Alsatians-Temple Dinners-"Calling" to the Bar-The

Temple Gardens The Chrysanthemums-Sir Matthew Hale's Tree-Revenues of the Temple-Temple Celebrities

CHAPTER XVII.

WHITEFRIARS.

The Present Whitefriars-The Carmelite Convent-Dr. Butts-The Sanctuary-Lord Sanquhar murders the Fencing-Master-His Trial-

Bacon and Yelverton-His Execution-Sir Walter Scott's "Fortunes of Nigel"-Shadwell's Squire of Alsatia-A Riot in Whitefriars-

Elizabethan Edicts against the Ruffians of Alsatia-Bridewell-A Roman Fortification-A Saxon Palace-Wolsey's Residence - Queen

Katherine's Trial-Her Behaviour in Court-Persecution of the first Congregationalists-Granaries and Coal Stores destroyed by the

Great Fire-The Flogging in Bridewell-Sermon on Madame Creswell-Hogarth and the "Harlot's Progress"-Pennant's Account of

Bridewell-Bridewell in 1843-Its Latter Days-Pictures in the Court Room--Bridewell Dock-The Gas Works-Theatres in Whitefriars

-Pepys' Visits to the Theatre-Dryden and the Dorset Gardens Theatre-Davenant-Kynaston-Dorset House-The Poet-Earl.

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