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§ 280c. Employment of personnel with specialized skills.

The Secretary is authorized, when the Commission is desirous of obtaining the services of a person having special scientific or other technical or professional qualifications, from time to time to detail, or authorize the detail of. for temporary service to or in cooperation with the Commission, any person in the employ or service of the Government of the United States who has such qualifications, with the approval of the Government agency in which such person is employed or serving, under the same conditions as those governing the detail of officers and employees of the United States Government to the government of another country in accordance with the provisions of the Act of May 25, 1938 (52 Stat. 442), as amended, except that the authority vested in the President under that Act shall be vested in the Secretary for the purpose of carrying out this section. (Jan. 28, 1948, ch. 38, § 4, 62 Stat. 16.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The Act of May 25, 1938 (52 Stat. 442), as amended, referred to in the text, was formerly classified to section 118e of Title 5, but was repealed by act Jan. 26, 1948, ch. 36. § 1004 (a), 62 Stat. 13. Section 1004 (c) of act Jan. 26, 1948, provided that any reference to act May 25, 1938, shall be deemed to refer to the appropriate provisions of sections 1451-1453, 1478, and 1479 of this title.

CARIBBEAN COMMISSION

§ 280h. Representation in Caribbean Commission; appointment of commissioners and alternates. The President is authorized to accept membership for the United States in the Caribbean Commission, created by "An agreement for the establishment of the Caribbean Commission," signed in Washington on October 30, 1946, by representatives of the Governments of the French Republic, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America, and to appoint the United States Commissioners, and their alternates, thereto. (Mar. 4, 1948, ch. 97, § 1, 62 Stat. 66.)

PURPOSE OF COMMISSION

In defining the purposes of act Mar. 4, 1948, Congress stated that:

"Whereas representatives of the Governments of the French Republic, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America signed 'An Agreement for the establishment of the Caribbean Commission' in Washington on October 30, 1946, which agreement continued and extended the international cooperative arrangements initiated in 1942 between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States; and

"Whereas the purpose of the Caribbean Commission is to encourage and strengthen international cooperation in promoting the economic and social welfare and advancement of the non-self-governing territories in the Caribbean area, whose economic and social development is of vital interest to the security of the United States, in accordance with the principles set forth in chapter XI of the Charter of the United Nations: Therefore be it" Ex. ORD. No. 10609. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY TO APPOINT ALTERNATE COMMISSIONERS

Ex. Ord. No. 10609, May 9, 1955, 20 F. R. 3147, provided: By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code (65 Stat. 713), and as President of the United States, it is ordered that the Secretary of State be, and he is hereby, designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratifica

tion, or other action of the President, so much of the authority vested in the President by the first section of the Joint Resolution of March 4, 1948, entitled "Joint Resolution providing for membership and participation by the United States in the Caribbean Commission and authorizing an appropriation therefor" (62 Stat. 66; 22 U. S. C. 280h) [this section] as consists of authority to appoint alternate United States Commissioners to the Caribbean Commission. DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER

§ 2801. Appropriations.

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated

(a) Not more than $142,000 annually for the payment by the United States of its proportionate share of the expenses of the Commission and its auxiliary and subsidiary bodies, pursuant to article XV of the "agreement for the Establishment of the Caribbean Commission"; and

(b) Such additional sums as may be needed for the payment of all necessary expenses incident to participation by the United States in the activities of the Commission, including salaries of the United States Commissioners, their alternates, appropriate staff, without regard to the civil-service laws and the Classification Act of 1949; personal services in the District of Columbia; services as authorized by section 55a of Title 5; hire of passenger motor vehicles and other local transportation; printing and binding without regard to section 111 of Title 44, and section 5 of Title 41; and such other expenses as the Secretary of State finds necessary to participation by the United States in the activities of the Commission: Provided, That the provisions of section 287r of this title, and regulations thereunder, applicable to expenses incurred pursuant to sections 287-287t of this title shall be applicable to any expenses incurred pursuant to this paragraph. (Mar. 4, 1948, ch. 97, § 2, 62 Stat. 66; Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 782, title XI, § 1106 (a),

63 Stat. 972.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The civil-service laws, referred to in subsec. (b), are classified generally to Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

The Classification Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to chapter 21 of Title 5.

AMENDMENTS

1949 Subsec. (b) amended by act Oct. 28, 1949, which substituted "Classification Act of 1949" for "Classification Act of 1923".

ANNUAL APPROPRIATIONS Annual appropriations were contained in the following Department of State Appropriation Acts:

1958 June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85-474, title I, § 101, 72 Stat. 246.

1957-June 11, 1957, Pub. L. 85-49, title I, § 101, 71 Stat. 56.

1956-June 20, 1956, ch. 414, title I, § 101, 70 Stat. 301. 1955-July 7, 1955, ch. 279, title I, § 101, 69 Stat. 265. 1954 July 2, 1954, ch. 456, title I, § 101, 68 Stat. 414. 1953-Aug. 5, 1953, ch. 328, title I, § 101, 67 Stat. 368. 1952-July 10, 1952, ch. 651, title I. § 101, 66 Stat. 550. 1951-Oct. 22, 1951, ch. 533, title I. § 101, 65 Stat. 577. 1950-Sept. 6. 1950, ch. 896, ch. III, title I, § 101, 64

Stat. 610.

1949-July 20, 1949, ch. 354, title I, § 101, 63 Stat. 449. 1948-June 3, 1948, ch. 400, title I, § 101, 62 Stat. 308.

CROSS REFERENCES

Consent by State Department to contributions to international organizations and reports to Congress, see section 262a of this title.

PAN AMERICAN RAILWAY CONGRESS

§ 280j. Representation in Congress; appointment of delegates and alternates.

The President is authorized to accept membership for the Government of the United States in, and to appoint the United States delegates and their alternates to, the Pan American Railway Congress, the constitution and bylaws of which were approved in Montevideo, Uruguay, April 1946, and deposited in the archives of the Pan American Union in Washington. (June 28, 1948, ch. 686, § 1, 62 Stat. 1060.)

§ 280k. Appropriations.

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated

(a) Not more than $5,000 annually for the payment by the United States of its proportionate share of the expenses of the Pan American Railway Congress and its Permanent Commission; and (b) Such additional sums as may be needed for the payment of all necessary expenses incident to participation by the United States in the activities thereof, including expenses of the United States delegates, their alternates, and appropriate staff, without regard to the civil-service laws and the Classification Act of 1949; personal services in the District of Columbia; services as authorized by section 55a of Title 5; hire of passenger motor vehicles and other local transportation; printing and binding without regard to section 111 of Title 44, and section 5 of Title 41; and such other expenses as the Secretary of State finds necessary to participation by the United States in the activities of the organization: Provided, That the provisions of section 287r of this title, and regulations thereunder, applicable to expenses incurred pursuant to sections 287-287t of this title shall be applicable to any expenses incurred pursuant to this subsection. (June 28, 1948, ch. 686, § 2, 62 Stat. 1060; Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 782, title XI, § 1106 (a), 63 Stat. 972.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The civil-service laws, referred to in subsec. (b), are classified generally to Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

The Classification Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to chapter 21 of Title 5.

AMENDMENTS

1949-Subsec. (b) amended by act Oct. 28, 1949, which substituted "Classification Act of 1949" for "Classification Act of 1923".

CROSS REFERENCES

Consent by State Department to contributions to international organizations and reports to Congress, see section 262a of this title.

THE INSTITUTE OF INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS § 281. Corporation created; name.

There is, as of August 5, 1947, created as an agency of the United States of America a body corporate with the name of "The Institute of Inter-American Affairs" (in sections 281-281b and 281c-2811, of this title called the "Institute"). (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 1, 61 Stat. 780.)

SHORT TITLE

Congress in enacting sections 281-281b and 281c2811 of this title provided by section 14 of act Aug. 5,

1947, that they should be popularly known as the "Institute of Inter-American Affairs Act".

TRANSFER OF CORPORATION

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Institute, together with its functions, had previously been transferred to 1953 the Foreign Operations Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

APPROPRIATION

Section 14 of act Aug. 5, 1947, provided: "There are authorized to be appropriated, at a rate not to exceed $5,000,000 annually, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to carry out this Act [sections 281-281b and 281c2811 of this title]."

ADDITIONAL APPROPRIATIONS

Section 2 of act Sept. 3, 1949, ch. 532, 63 Stat. 685, provided that: "There are hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums, not to exceed $35,000,000, as may from time to time be necessary to carry on the activities of the Institute during the period ending June 30, 1955, and the appropriations hereby authorized shall be in addition to appropriations pursuant to authorizations granted in Public Law 369, Eightieth Congress [section 14 of Act Aug. 5, 1947, which is set out as a note under this section}."

§ 281a. Purposes.

The purposes of this corporation are to further the general welfare of, and to strengthen friendship and understanding among, the peoples of the American Republics through collaboration with other governments and governmental agencies of the American Republics in planning, initiating, assisting, financing, administering, and executing technical programs and projects, especially in the fields of public health, sanitation, agriculture, and education. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 2, 61 Stat. 781.)

TRANSFER OF CORPORATION

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Institute, together with its functions, had previously been transferred to the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 281b. Period of succession; powers and duties.

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, created by sections 281-281b and 281c-2811 of this title shall have

(a) Succession until June 30, 1960.

(b) May adopt, alter, and use a corporate seal, which shall be judicially noticed.

(c) May make and perform contracts with any individual, corporation, or other body of persons however designated, whether within or without the United States of America, and with any government or governmental agency, domestic or foreign.

(d) Shall determine and prescribe the manner in which its obligations shall be incurred and its expenses allowed and paid.

(e) May, as necessary for the transaction of the business of the Institute, employ officers, employees, agents, and attorneys in accordance with the provisions of the civil service and classification laws, except that the Institute may, without regard to the civil service and classification laws, employ, and fix the compensation of, officers, employees, agents, and attorneys of the Institute employed for service outside the continental limits of the United States: Provided, That the salary of any person thus employed shall not exceed the maximum salary established by the classification laws, and that the Institute may require bonds of any employee and pay the premiums of such bonds: Provided further, That no person who is a citizen of the United States not presently employed by the Institute of Inter-American affairs or the Inter-American Educational Foundation, Inc., shall be employed under authority of this subsection until such person has been investigated by the Civil Service Commission: Provided further, That no person not a citizen of the United States shall be employed under authority of this subsection for service in any American Republic of which such person is not a citizen except with the specific approval of the Government of the American Republic concerned.

(f) May acquire by purchase, devise, bequest, or gift, or otherwise, lease, hold, and improve such real and personal property as it finds to be necessary to its purposes, whether within or without the United States, and in any manner dispose of all such real and personal property held by it and use as general funds all receipts arising from the disposition of such property.

(g) Shall be entitled to the use of the United States mails in the same manner and on the same conditions as the executive departments of the Government.

(h) May, with the consent of any board, corporation, commission, independent establishment, or executive department of the Government, including any field service thereof, avail itself of the use of information, services, facilities, officers, and employees thereof in carrying out the provisions of sections 281-281b and 281c-2811 of this title.

(1) May accept money, funds, property, and services of every kind by gift, devise or bequest, or grant, or otherwise, and make advances and grants to any individual, corporation, or other body of persons, whether within or without the United States of America, or to any government or governmental agency, domestic or foreign, when deemed advisable by the Institute in furtherance of its purposes.

(j) May sue and be sued, complain, and defend, in its corporate name in any court of competent Jurisdiction.

(k) Shall have such other powers as may be necessary and incident to carrying out its powers and duties under said sections. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 3, 61 Stat. 781; Sept. 3, 1949, ch. 532, § 1, 63 Stat. 685; Apr. 5, 1952, ch. 159, § 1, 66 Stat. 43; Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 544 (a), 68 Stat. 862; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85-141, § 11 (b) (1), 71 Stat. 365.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The civil service laws, referred to in subsec. (e), are classified generally to Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

The classification laws, referred to in the text, are classified to chapter 21 of Title 5.

AMENDMENTS

1957-Pub. L. 85-141 amended section 544 of the act Aug. 26, 1954, by redesignating subsec. (b) of section 544 as subsec. (a).

1954 - Subsec. (a) amended by act Aug. 26, 1954, which extended life of the Institute from June 30, 1955, until June 30, 1960.

1952 Subsec. (e) amended by act Apr. 5, 1952, which substituted the "Civil Service Commission" for the "Federal Bureau of Investigation".

1949 Subsec. (a) amended by act Sept. 3, 1949, which extended life of the Institute from Aug. 5, 1950, until June 30, 1955.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration headed by a Director in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Office of Director of the Foreign Operations Administration was abolished outright. All functions vested by sections 281-281b and 281c-281e of this title in the Secretary of State had previously been transferred to the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration and the functions of officials and employees of the Department of State, with respect to serving as employees of the Institute of Inter-American Affairs or as members of the board of directors thereof, including eligibility to be detailed as such employees or to serve as such members, were transferred to the officials and employees of the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 281b-1. Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 544 (b), 68 Stat. 862.

Section, act Sept. 3, 1949, ch. 532, § 1, 63 Stat. 685, related to contract authorizations and is covered by section 281b-2 of this title.

§ 281b-2. Contract authorizations; termination; budget and accounting provisions.

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs may make contracts for periods not to exceed five years: Provided, That any contract extending beyond June 30, 1960, shall be made subject to termination by the said Institute upon notice: And provided further, That the said Institute shall, on and after July 1, 1954, be subject to the applicable provisions of the Budget and Accounting Act, 1921, as amended, in lieu of the provisions of the Government Corporation Control Act, as amended. (Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 544 (a), 68 Stat. 862; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85-141, § 11 (b) (1), 71 Stat. 365.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The Budget and Accounting Act, 1921, as amended, referred to in the text, is classified principally to chapter 1 of Title 31, Money and Finance.

The Government Corporation Control Act, as amended, referred to in the text, is classified to chapter 14 of Title 31, Money and Finance.

AMENDMENTS

1957-Pub. L. 85-141 amended section 544 of act August 26, 1954, by redesignating subsec. (b) of section 544 as subsec. (a).

TRANSFER OF CORPORATION

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its

functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Institute, together with its functions, had previously been transferred to the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

CROSS REFERENCES

Government Corporation Control Act, Institute, see section 2811 of this title.

§ 281c. Transfer of assets on liquidation.

Upon termination of the corporate life of the Institute all of its functions shall be liquidated and, thereafter, unless otherwise provided by Congress, the assets shall be transferred to the United States Treasury as the property of the United States. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 4, 61 Stat. 782.)

TRANSFER OF CORPORATION

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Institute, together with its functions, had previously been transferred to the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 281d. Board of directors; number and appointment; compensation and expenses; powers and duties. (a) The management of the Institute shall be vested in a board of directors (hereinafter referred to as the "Board") of not less than five in number, each of whom shall be appointed by the Secretary of State from among the officials and employees of the Department of State and, in the discretion of the Secretary of State and with the consent of the Chiefs of other departments or agencies respectively concerned from among the officials and employees of other United States Government departments and agencies: Provided, That no person shall be appointed as a director under authority of this subsection until such person has been investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

(b) The Secretary of State shall designate one director as Chairman of the Board.

(c) The directors shall hold office at the pleasure of the Secretary of State.

(d) The directors shall receive no additional compensation for their services as directors but may be allowed actual necessary traveling and subsistence expenses incurred by them in the performance of their duties as directors.

(e) The Board shall direct the exercise of all the powers of the Institute.

(f) The Board may prescribe, amend, and repeal bylaws, rules, and regulations governing the manner in which the business of the Institute may be conducted and in which the powers granted to it by law may be exercised and enjoyed: Provided, That a majority of the Board shall be required as a quorum. (g) In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred upon it, the Board may appoint such committees for the carrying out of the work of the Institute as the Board finds to be for the best interests of the Institute, each committee to consist of two or more of the directors, which committees,

together with officers and agents duly authorized by the Board and to the extent provided by the Board, shall have and may exercise the powers of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Institute. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 5, 61 Stat. 782.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration headed by a Director in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Office of Director of the Foreign Operations Administration was abolished outright. All functions vested by sections 281-281b and 281c-281e of this title in the Secretary of State had previously been transferred to the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration and the functions of officials and employees of the Department of State, with respect to serving as employees of the Institute of Inter-American Affairs or as members of the board of directors thereof, including eligibility to be detailed as such employees or to serve as such members, were transferred to the officials and employees of the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 281e. Prohibition against profit or stock issuance; uses for income; interests of directors, officers, or employees.

The Institute shall be a nonprofit corporation and shall have no capital stock. No part of its revenue, earnings, or other income or property shall inure to the benefit of its directors, officers, and employees and such revenue, earnings, or other income, or property shall be used for the carrying out of the corporate purposes herein set forth. No director, officer, or employee of the corporation shall in any manner directly or indirectly participate in the deliberation upon or the determination of any question affecting his personal interests or the interests of any corporation, partnership, or organization in which he is directly or indirectly interested. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 6, 61 Stat. 782.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration headed by a Director in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Office of Director of the Foreign Operations Administration was abolished outright. All functions vested by sections 281-281b and 281c-281e of this title in the Secretary of State had previously been transferred to the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration and the functions of officials and employees of the Department of State, with respect to serving as employees of the Institute of Inter-American Affairs or as members of the board of directors thereof, including eligibility to be detailed as such employees or to serve as such members, were transferred to the officials and employees of the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 281f. Acceptance of offices with other governments. When approved by the Institute, in furtherance of its purposes, the officers and employees of the Institute may accept and hold offices or positions to which no compensation is attached with governments or

governmental agencies of the other American Republics. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 7, 61 Stat. 782.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration headed by a Director in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Office of Director of the Foreign Operations Administration was abolished outright. All functions vested by sections 281-281b and 281c-281e of this title in the Secretary of State had previously been transferred to the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration and the functions of officials and employees of the Department of State, with respect to serving as employees of the Institute of Inter-American Affairs or as members of the board of directors thereof, including eligibility to be detailed as such employees or to serve as such members, were transferred to the officials and employees of the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 281g. Detail of Department of State employees.

The Secretary of State shall have authority to detail employees of the Department of State to the Institute under such circumstances and upon such conditions as he may determine: Provided, That any such employee so detailed shall not lose any privileges, rights, or seniority as an employee of the Government by virtue of such detail. (Aug. 5, 1947,

ch. 498, § 8, 61 Stat. 782.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration headed by a Director in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Office of Director of the Foreign Operations Administration was abolished outright. All functions vested by sections 281-281b and 281c-281e of this title in the Secretary of State had previously been transferred to the Director of the Foreign Operations Administration and the functions of officials and employees of the Department of State, with respect to serving as employees of the Institute of Inter-American Affairs or as members of the board of directors thereof, including eligibility to be detailed as such employees or to serve as such members, were transferred to the officials and employees of the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 281h. Location of offices.

The principal office of the Institute shall be located in the District of Columbia, but there may be established agencies, branch offices, or other offices in any place or places within the United States or the other American Republics in any of which locations the Institute may carry on all or any of its operations and business under bylaws or rules and regulations. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 9, 61 Stat. 783.)

TRANSFER OF CORPORATION

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with Its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department

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of State and Department of Defense. The Institute, together with its functions, had previously been transferred to the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat, 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 2811. Exemption from taxation.

The Institute, including its franchise and income, shall be exempt from taxation now or hereafter imposed by the United States, or any Territory, dependency, or possession thereof, or by any State, county, municipality, or local taxing authority. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 10, 61 Stat. 783.)

TRANSFER OF CORPORATION

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs, together with its functions, was attached to the International Cooperation Administration in the Department of State, eff. June 30, 1955, pursuant to Ex. Ord. No. 10610, set out as a note under section 1781 of this title, which also abolished the Foreign Operations Administration and transferred its functions and offices to the Department of State and Department of Defense. The Institute, together with its functions, had previously been transferred to the Foreign Operations Administration by 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 1, 1953, 18 F. R. 4541, 67 Stat. 639, set out as a note under section 1785 of this title.

§ 281j. Right to repeal, etc., reserved; savings clause. The right to alter, amend, or repeal sections 281281b and 281c-2811 of this title is expressly reserved. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, or part of said sections shall for any reason be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, impair, or invalidate the remainder of said sections, but shall be confined in its operations to the clause, sentence, paragraph, or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judgment shall have been rendered. (Aug. 5, 1947, ch. 498, § 11, 61 Stat. 783.)

§ 281k. Transfer of assets, property, personnel, etc., of existing organizations.

The Institute of Inter-American Affairs and the Inter-American Educational Foundation, Inc., two Government corporations caused to be created under the laws of the State of Delaware on March 31, 1942, and September 25, 1943, respectively, by the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, shall, within ten days following August 5, 1947 transfer to the corporation created by sections 281-281b and 281c2811 of this title all necessary personnel, the assets, funds, and property-real, personal, and mixedand all debts, liabilities, obligations, and duties, and all rights, privileges, and powers subject to all restrictions, disabilities, and duties of the two said corporations, and the corporation created by said sections, shall accept full title to and ownership of all the assets, funds, and property-real, personal, and mixed-and all debts, liabilities, obligations, and duties, and all rights, privileges, and powers subject to the said restrictions, disabilities, and duties of the two said corporations and all such debts, liabilities, obligations, and duties of the two said corporations shall henceforth attach to the corporation created by said sections and may be enforced against it to the same extent as if said debts, liabilities, obligations, and duties had been incurred or contracted by the corporation created

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