Arkansas river; at Galveston, for the waters of the coast of Texas and the waters tributary thereto; at San Francisco, for the waters of the coast of California and the waters tributary thereto; at Portland, for the waters of the coast of Oregon and Washington Territory and the waters tributary thereto; and such boards shall be designated coast marine boards. And there shall be established a marine board at each of the following collection districts, namely: At Louisville, for the waters of the Ohio river and its tributaries below the town of Madison, and the Mississippi river and its tributaries from the Ohio river down to and including the Arkansas river and its tributaries; at Cincinnati, for the waters of the Ohio river and its tributaries above and including the town of Madison; at Saint Louis, for the waters of the Mississippi river and its tributaries from the mouth of the Ohio river to the town of Quincy, in Illinois; at Galena, for the waters of the upper Mississippi river and its tributaries above Quincy, and of the Red River of the North; which boards shall be designated inland marine boards. And there shall be established a marine board at each of the following collection districts, namely: at Ogdensburg, for the waters of Lakes Ontario, Champlain, Memphremagog, and George, and of the river St. Lawrence, and their tributaries; at Buffalo, for the waters of Lake Erie and its tributaries; at Detroit, for the waters of Lakes Huron and Superior and their tributaries; at Chicago, for the waters of Lake Michigan and its tributaries; which boards shall be designated lake marine boards. The members of such boards shall be competent men, of good character, and shall have special knowledge of, and experience in, shipping and navigation, one of whom, and two of the board established at the city of New York, shall be selected for knowledge, skill, and experience in the uses of steam for navigation, and shall be competent to judge not only of the character of steamers, but of all parts of the machinery employed in navigating by steam; and the person who, at the time this act takes effect, shall be supervising inspector at any of the foregoing collection districts, shall constitute a member of the marine board there established; and before entering upon the duties of their respective offices they shall be sworn to the faithful discharge of the same before the collector of the district; and they shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and shall be removable only for misconduct, unfitness for, or neglect of the duties of their office. The first members of every board shall be appointed, one for seven years, one for five years, and one for three years; and their successors shall be appointed for terms of seven years; and any vacancy occurring in the board before the expiration of a term of office shall be filled for the residue of the unexpired term. The compensation of members of a marine board shall be ten dollars each, for every day of service, and his necessary expenses incurred in the discharge of the duties of his office. SEC. 40. Every marine board shall have a clerk, who shall be appointed by the board, subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury. The annual salary of the clerks of the boards at Boston, New York, New Orleans, and San Francisco shall be fifteen hundred dollars, and the annual salary of clerks of the other marine boards shall be seven hundred and fifty dollars.

SEC. 41. It shall be the duty of every marine board to examine persons who intend to become masters, first mates, or second mates of vessels, or chief engineers, second engineers, third engineers, fourth engineers, chief pilots, or second pilots of steamers, and who wish to procure the certificates of competency hereinafter mentioned; the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe rules and regulations as to such examinations and the qualifications of applicants for certificates, and such rules and regulations shall be strictly adhered to by all marine boards. And such boards may, with the consent of the Secretary of the Treasury, and as occasion may require, appoint persons to make such examinations of such masters, mates, and pilots, and may issue certificates based upon the reports of such persons, the compensation of whom shall in no case exceed seven dollars each for every day of service, and his necessary expenses; and such boards may, with

the consent of such Secretary, require boards of inspectors to make examinations of such engineers and pilots, and may issue their certificates upon the reports of such inspectors.

SEC. 42. Engineers shall be classified into chief engineers, second engineers, third engineers, and fourth engineers; and pilots into chief pilots and second pilots, according to their relative subordination and control in the discharge of their duties. And masters and chief engineers shall be classified by said boards into four grades, first mates and second mates, second engineers and third engineers into three grades, and chief pilots and second pilots into two grades, according to the tonnage of the vessels for which they shall respectively be found competent, and according to the table numbered nine, in the schedule hereto annexed,

SEC. 43. For the purpose of assigning such masters, first mates, and second mates to the class of vessels and of voyages for which they shall be found, on examination, competent, such vessels are divided into two classes; the first shall comprise all vessels propelled in whole or in part by steam; the second shall comprise all vessels propelled wholly by sails. And voyages shall be divided into two classes; the first class shall comprise voyages to any foreign country not contiguous to the United States; the second class shall comprise all other sea voyages, and voyages on any of the waters of Lakes Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, and Ontario; and for the purpose of assigning chief engineers, second engineers, third engineers, and fourth engineers to the class of voyages for which they shall be found competent, voyages shall be divided into three classes; the first and second classes of such voyages shall comprise respectively the first and second classes of voyages as herein before defined, and the third class shall comprise all other voyages upon waters of the United States.

SEC. 44. The marine board shall deliver to every applicant who has passed an examination satisfactorily, and has given satisfactory evidence of his sobriety, character, knowledge, experience, ability, and general good conduct on shipboard, a certificate signed by at least a majority of the members of the board, to be designated a certificate of competency, which shall certify the grade as master, first mate, second mate, chief engineer, second engineer, third engineer, fourth engineer, chief pilot, or second pilot, and the class of vessels, and voyages for which the applicant is found to be competent. The certificate of competency granted to masters, first mates, and second mates by a lake marine board shall be valid only for the navigation of any of the waters of said lakes and the waters connecting them; and that of a sea-coast board, granted to such masters and mates, shall be valid only for the navigation of the sea; the certificate of a pilot shall in all cases define the route for which the applicant is found competent; and such certificates shall be according to forms to be prescribed by Secretary of the Treasury. Every certificated engineer and pilot shall, before entering upon his duties, make solemn oath or affirmation before one of the members of the board, each of whom is hereby authorized to administer the same, or before some other officer competent to administer oaths, that he will faithfully and honestly, according to his best skill and judgment, perform all the duties appertaining to the position for which his certificate is granted.

SAC. 45. Such certificates of competency shall be valid for three years only, or the voyage, during which the term of a certificate shall expire, unless the same shall be renewed by some marine board. Every coast marine board shall have authority to renew the certificates issued by any other coast marine board to such masters or mates, and every lake marine board shall have authority to renew such certificates of any other lake marine board, but not otherwise; and every marine board shall have the right to renew the certificates of engineers by whatever boards they may have been granted. But no board shall grant or renew the certificate of a pilot, a portion of whose route is not within the marine district of such board.

SEC. 46. Applicants for certificates of competency and for renewals of such certificates shall pay for the same the fees prescribed in the table hereto annexed, numbered ten, which fees shall be paid toany collector of customs, who shall give a receipt for the same. And no application for a certificate, or a renewal of the same, shall be received by the board except on presentation of such receipt of a collector showing that the fee for the same has been paid. - SEC. 47. Every marine board may revoke or suspend any certificate of competency, if upon investigation the holder of such certificate shall be found to have shown incompetency or unfitness for his position, or to have been guilty of drunkenness or any gross act of misconduct, or if the loss or abandonment of, or serious damage to, any vessel or cargo, or loss of life, injury, or distress to passengers, has been caused by his wrongful act or default. And cruel and tyrannical treatment of seamen shall be a ground for the revocation or suspension of the certificate of a master, first mate, or second mate. And if any certificated engineer or pilot shall wrongfully or unreasonably refuse to serve as such on any steamer, as authorized by the terms of his certificate, or shall fail to deliver to the applicant for such services, at the time of such refusal, if the same shall be demanded, a statement in writing, signed by such engineer or pilot, of the reasons therefor, or if any pilot shall refuse to admit into the pilot-house with him any person or persons whom the master, owner, or owners of any steamer may desire to place there, for the purpose of acquiring the knowledge of piloting, his certificate shall be immediately revoked, upon the same proceedings as are herein provided in other cases of the revocation of such certificates. And that board shall have jurisdiction of the question of the suspension or revocation of a certificate within whose marine district the alleged cause for such revocation or suspension occurred; or if such cause shall not occur within the marine district of any board, the board within whose limits the delinquent shall first come after the occurrence of such cause, shall investigate the case. But the Secretary of the Treasury may assign the investigation of any such case to such board as he may designate. No such certificate shall be revoked or suspended, unless notice shall have been first given to the holder of the same of the grounds of the proceedings against him, and an opportunity given him to be heard in his defence; every such revocation and suspension shall be made subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury; and it shall be lawful for the Secretary of the Treasury, if he thinks the justice of the case so requires, to reissue and return any certificate which has been cancelled or suspended, or shorten the time for which it has been suspended, or grant a new certificate for the same or any lower grade in place of any certificate which has been cancelled or suspended; and such new certificate, renewed or returned certificate, shall be subject to the same provisions of law as it would be, if issued by the appropriate marine board.

SEC. 48. Every holder of a certificate of competency, the revocation or suspension of which is a subject of investigation by a marine board, and every person whose certificate has been revoked or suspended by a marine board, shall, on the demand of such board, deliver up his certificate to such board, and, in default, shall for each offence incur a penalty of three hundred dollars.

SEC. 49. It shall be the duty of every such marine board, when it has reasonable cause to believe that an applicant for the renewal of his certificate is not entitled to the same, to withhold such renewal and examine such applicant, in which case the same provisions of law shall be applicable as in the case of an original application for a certificate; but if such applicant for a renewal of his certificate shall be found entitled to the same, the collector shall refund the difference between the fee in the case of an original application for a certificate and the fee for a renewal of the same, upon the presentation of such renewal of his certificate.

SEC. 50. Every certificate of competency for one grade of service and class

of vessels and voyages granted to masters, mates, or engineers, shall entitle the holder of such certificate to serve in the same or any lower grade of service, in the same class of vessels for the same or any lower class of voyages of the same kind, as regards being lake or sea voyages, but not otherwise; but the certificate of a pilot for one grade of service shall entitle the holder to serve in the same or any lower grade of service on the same route, but not otherwise.

SEC. 51. Whenever any master, mate, engineer, or pilot proves to the satisfaction of a marine board that he has, without fault on his part, lost or been deprived of any certificate or renewal of the same, which such board has already granted to him, such board shall, upon payment of the fee required in the case of the renewal of a certificate, cause a copy of the certificate or the renewal of the same, to which, by the record kept by such board, he appears to be entitled, to be made out and certified by a member of the board and delivered to him. And any such copy, so made and certified, shall be of the same effect as the original.

SEC. 52. No vessel of the United States bound on a voyage of the first class, and no such vessel bound on a voyage of the second class and carrying passengers, or being of one hundred and fifty tons burden or upwards, and no foreign vessels carrying passengers, shall, at the expiration of sixty days from and after the day this act takes effect, depart from any port of the United States unless the master, first mate, and second mate of such vessel, according as she is officered, shall respectively have certificates of competency corresponding to the class of vessel to which such vessel belongs, and to the grade of master, first mate, or second mate, respectively, appropriate to such vessel and to the class of the voyage on which she is bound, as such classes and grades are herein defined; and no passenger steamer, freight steamer, or other steamer of the United States, and no foreign passenger steamer, shall depart from any port of the United States, or be navigated, unless she shall have in her service her complement of engineers and pilots, who have certificates of competency appropriate to the service in which they are employed; and in every case involving an inquiry into the seaworthiness of any vessel so departing or navigated in violation of the provisions of this section, such vessel shall be deemed unseaworthy unless proved to be seaworthy; and every sea-going steamer of the United States shall, when under way, except upon the high seas, be under the control and direction of duly certificated pilots, and in default, the master, owner or owners of such sea-going steamer shall incur a penalty of one hundred dollars for each offence.

SEC. 53. Every person who shall go as a master, mate, or engineer of a vessel on a voyage, or as a pilot on a route, without being entitled so to do by his certificate of competency, shall incur a penalty of three hundred dollars; and in any case involving an inquiry into the conduct of any person acting as a master, mate, engineer, or pilot without being entitled so to do by the proper certificate, he shall be deemed to be in default unless the contrary is proved; and every person who shall employ another to go as a master, mate, or engineer of a vessel on a voyage or as a pilot on a route, who has no certificate entitling him so to do, having reasonable cause to believe that such person so employed has no such certificate, shall incur for each offence a penalty not exceeding three hundred dollars; but if a vessel leaves her port with her complement of duly certificated officers, engineers, and pilots, and on her voyage is deprived of their services, or the services of any of them, without the consent, fault, or collusion of the master, owner, or any one interested in such vessel, it shall be lawful to supply the deficiency temporarily by uncertificated persons until others duly certificated can be obtained.

SEC. 54. Every person who makes or procures to be made, or assists in making, any false representation, for the purpose of obtaining for himself or another person a certificate of competency, or a renewal of the same, or

who forges, assists in forging, or procures to be forged, or fraudulently alters or assists in fraudulently altering, or procures to be fraudulently altered, any such certificate or renewal of the same, or any official copy of any such certificate or renewal of the same, or who fraudulently makes use of any such certificate or renewal of the same, or any copy of the same, which is forged or altered, or to which he is not entitled, or which he is not entitled to use, or who fraudulently lends his certificate or any renewal of the same, or allows the same to be used by another person, shall for each offence be punished by a fine not exceeding three hundred dollars or imprisonment not exceeding six months, or both, according to the aggravation of the offence.

SEC. 55. It shall be the duty of every such marine board to investigate, or cause to be investigated, under such direction and regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, the causes of shipwrecks, disasters, and accidents happening to and on board any vessel of the United States within its district, or on a voyage from or to a port within its district; and the board of that district which comprises the port of departure, or of that district which comprises the port of destination in such voyage, if such ports are in different districts, shall make the investigation of any shipwreck, disaster, or accident happening within the limits of no district, according as the district of one board is nearer than the district of the other board to the place of such shipwreck, disaster, or accident, unless the Secretary of the Treasury shall otherwise direct. And such boards shall make, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, any investigations concerning vessels of the United States which the public interest, in his judgment, requires; and they shall report to the Secretary of the Treasury such investigations and the results of the same, and especially all violations of the provisions of this act which shall come to their knowledge in the course of such investigations; and when it shall appear that there has been a violation of such provisions, they shall inform the district attorney of the United States for the district in which the offence has been committed, that such attorney may enforce the penalties of such offence; and they shall commence proceedings for the suspension or revocation of any certificate, the holder of which appears to have given cause for the same.

SEC. 56 Every marine board and every justice of the peace and commissioner appointed by a circuit court of the United States and designated by such board to take testimony in any matter which, by this act, such board is required to investigate, shall have the power, by the same process as in courts of law, to summon before them witnesses, and compel them to attend and give evidence, under oath or affirmation, at such times and places as may be specified, as to any matters in respect to which such boards have a right to examine or investigate; and if any witness, so summoned, shall, when under examination on oath or affirmation, knowingly and intentionally falsify the truth, such person shall be deemed guilty of perjury, and, if convicted, shall be punished accordingly; and the collector of customs, in the collection district at which such board is established, shall pay, out of the revenues herein provided, such sums to any witness so summoned under the provisions of this section, for his travel and attendance, as shall be officially certified by such marine board upon the back of the summons, not exceeding the rates allowed to a witness for travel and attendance in the district courts of the United States, and shall pay to such magistrates, for depositions, the fees allowed for depositions in such courts.

SEC. 57. Every such marine board shall keep a regular record of applications for certificates, reports of examiners of applicants, examinations of applications, all certificates granted, all revocations, suspensions, and renewals of certificates, all investigations made by such board, and its other doings; and it shall report from time to time its decisions on applications for certificates, the certificates granted, and its other proceedings, to the Secretary of the Treasury, who may prescribe regulations in respect to the records and reports aforesaid. And it shall