322 Compendium of County History.-Wiltshire. [Oct. 1575; divided into more than 130 compartments representing the history of Rome from the landing of Eneas to the time of the Emperor Rodolphus II. for whom it was executed. Of the Thynnes of LONGLEAT, was Thomas Thynne, esq. whose melancholy death is commemorated by a monument in Westminster Abbey.-At this house Mrs. Singer, the famous western muse, spent much of her time; as did also the venerable Bp. Ken. The Baronial Hall is most appropriately decorated with armorial escutcheons, hunting pieces, and stag's horns. The gallery contains numerous portraits of the Thynne family, and many other distinguished characters. LYDIARD TREGOZE Church contains many memorials of the house of St. John. IN MAIDEN BRADLEY Church is the tomb of the celebrated Sir Edward Seymour, bart. Speaker of the House of Commons in 1678. The inscription is very spirited. In MALMSBURY Abbey was interred King Athelstan. The celebrated William of Malmesbury was Librarian to the Abbey.-The White Lion Inn was formerly an hospitium belonging to the Abbey. Near the entrance is a small stone vase, fixed in the wall, probably a receptacle for holy water.-The workhouse was also an hospitium. Here, according to tradition, Henry VIII. and his retinue were entertained by Mr. Stumpe the clothier, on their return from hunting in Bredon Forest. It is probable that here Charles I. rested in 1643 on his march to Cirencester.—Amongst the Abbots may be mentioned St. Aldhelm, Athelard, and Elfric.-Oliver, a monk of Malmesbury, and a mathematician, having affixed wings to his hands and feet, ascended a lofty tower, from whence he took his flight, and was borne upon the air for the space of a furlong, when owing to the violence of the wind or his own fear, he fell to the ground and broke both his legs. In the neighbourhood of MARLBOROUGH Castle the poet Thomson, while on a visit to the Earl of Hertford, composed a portion of his inimitable Seasons.— Every person formerly, on admission into the Corporation, presented the Mayor two greyhounds, two white capons, and a white bull, which custom is plainly alluded to in the arms of the town.-In the Free School was educated Harte the poet and historian.-At the Free Grammar School were educated Sir M. Foster, eminent Judge, and Dr. Mapleton, Chancellor of the diocese of Hereford. In MELCHET park was erected in 1800 a beautiful Hindoo Temple as a tribute to the memory of Warren Hastings, esq. In it is a pedestal surmounted by a bust of Mr. Hastings, who is characterized thereon as "the Saviour of India to the British Empire." In MERE Church are the remains of some old wooden seats and stalls, richly carved; and a very fine and perfect effigy engraved in brass of Johannes Bettesthorne, 1390. In the belfry of the turret is a singular and beautiful cieling of carved oak, of a great variety of patterns. MONKTON DEVERILL has acquired celebrity from its clergyman Mr. John White, ejected by the Parliamentarians.-Against a dwelling-house, occupied by a wheelwright, is a very handsome escutcheon of arms engraved with a rich border, of the Ludlow family. At MONKTON FARLEY died Bp. Jewel, Sept. 22, 1571. Of OLD SARUM the great Earl of Chatham was first elected M. P. At PITMEAD, near Warminster, in 1786, were discovered some interesting remains of Roman Antiquities. The subsequent discoveries of Mr. Cunnington in 1800, prove Pitmead to have been the site of a magnificent Roman villa. RODDENBURY HILL was the scene of a most barbarous murder, Dec. 28, 1812. SALISBURY Cathedral is the most uniform, regular, and systematic edifice of the kind in England. The spire has never been equalled in height, being just double that of the Monument, and 70 feet higher than the top of St. Paul's. The interior of the Chapter House is decorated with a very curious series of historical carvings, representing the history of the Old Testament from the Creation to the overthrow of the Egyptians in the Red Sea. The windows are said to correspond in number with the days of the year; the pillars to the weeks, and the gates or doors to the months. The first person buried here was Wm. Longspee, Earl of Salisbury, in 1226. In the Morning Chapel is the 1825.] Compendium of County History.-Wiltshire. 323 the tomb of Bp. Poore, the venerable founder. In the vestry several curious relics are preserved. Near the West door is the tomb of a boy-bishop, who is represented clerically robed and mitred, a crosier in his hand, and a dragon at his feet. In the great transept repose the remains of the celebrated author of "Hermes."-Of this See were Bishops, Dr. JEWEL, author of the learned and justly-celebrated "Apology for the Church of England;" a book so much approved of, that Elizabeth, James, and Charles I. ordered it to be read and chained up in every parish church; Brian Duppa, supposed to have assisted in the Elxwy Bariλian; J. Earle, the preceptor of Charles II.; GILBERT BURNET, who converted the Earl of Rochester; and HOADLY the polemist. -In St. Edmund's Church was formerly a very singular painted glass window, representing in a very absurd manner the Creation. It was destroyed in the time of Abp. Laud, by the enthusiastic Sherfield. The tower fell down Sunday, June 26, 1653, without doing harm to the congregation.-On the outer wall, West end of St. Thomas's Church, is a curious wooden monument, ornamented with rude representations of Scripture history in altorelievo. It was executed by Humphrey Beckham, whom it commemorates. He died in 1671, aged 88. Over the altar is a large painting of the Transfiguration by Guest, 1810.-In the Council House, among several others, is the portrait of Queen Anne, by Dahl, which formerly belonged to the October Club.-The Poultry Cross had its origin in a very curious circumstance connected with the Lollards. (See vol. LXXXVIII. 1. 393.)-At the City School were educated Forman the astrologer, and Lord Chief Baron Eyre.In the Close School was educated the author of "Hermes."-At the Granimar School the celebrated Mr. Addison acquired the rudiments of learning. -Of this town was member the patriotic Sir Stephen Fox. At SHREWTON, in a small public house, was formerly a curious alabaster sculpture, designed to represent the Trinity. (See vol. xxII.) SPYE PARK was the occasional residence of the profligate and witty Earl of Rochester, and the late Colonel Thornton of sporting celebrity. IN STOCKTON Church is a piece of iron frame work, with some remains of faded ribbon depending from it. It is the last memorial of a custom now quite disused in this part of the country, that of carrying a garland decorated with ribbons before the corpse of a young unmarried woman, and afterwards suspending it in the church. This custom was revived at the particular request of a person about 20 years ago, and the faded garland still remains where originally placed. At STOURHEAD, the magnificent seat of Sir R. C. Hoare, bart. are two ancient Gothic crosses, removed from Bristol. The Pantheon is the most magnificent building perhaps that ever decorated the grounds of an English individual. In it is an antique statue of Livia Augusta, that cost 2000 guineas; a statue of Hercules, the chef d'œuvre of Rysbrach; and a beautiful Flora by the same artist. The turret to the memory of Alfred was noticed under "Somersetshire." There is also an obelisk of stone surmounted by a representation of the Sun, and built of the same proportions as one of the Egyptian obelisks at Rome. On this obelisk is an elegant classical inscription to the memory of Henry Hoare, esq. who improved and embellished the demesnes.-The mansion contains many portraits of the highly-respectable family of Hoare, and a most spirited bust of Pope by Roubiliac, which is generally admired. In the entrance hall is a collection of family portraits, and some good specimens, on a small scale, of the modern school of painting. The Music-room is principally occupied by a pleasing selection of fancy paintings by modern artists of the British school, and such as both now and hereafter will do credit to them. In the Dining-room are some very fine specimens of painting in crayons, a style quite unfashionable. The South apartment is devoted to a fine collection of drawings in bistre, collected by its present worthy possessor during his travels in Italy. The library contains a valuable assemblage of books, especially classical, antiquarian, and topographical. The cabinet room contains a very splendid cabinet (whence its name), embellished with precious stones, marbles, agates, &c. of every description. It formerly belonged to Pope Sixtus the Fifth, whose portrait and those of his family, Peretti, are beautifully modelled in wax, and placed in medallions round the base of this exquisite 324 Compendium of County History.-Wiltshire. [Oct. piece of workmanship. It also contains some fine landscapes from the pencils of Claude, Teniers, Canaletti, Wilson, &c. The picture gallery is 45 feet by 25. This spacious apartment is thickly covered with pictures by the old masters, among which is Rembrandt's celebrated painting of Elijah restoring the dead child to life, the most impressive in the whole collection. There are also two admirable specimens of the modern school, by H. Thompson, R. A. representing distress by sea and land. Near STRATFORD Church, under an old tree, is the spot where the Members for Old Sarum are elected. TIDWORTH was the residence of the eccentric Edw. Poore, esq. and the Manor House is reported to have been haunted by an invisible drummer, which story forms the plot of Addison's "Drummer, or the Haunted House." The carvings and ornaments which embellish TISBURY Church, bear a strong resemblance to those that support the roof at Westminster Hall. In TOLLARD ROYAL is a farm-house bearing decided marks of antiquity, called King John's hunting seat. (See vol. xxxi. ii. p. 217.) At TOTTENHAM Park House is the beautiful genealogical pedigree of the Aylesbury family. In the library is the curious horn described by Dean Milles in vol. III. of the Archæologia. At Wolfe-hall, a little distance from the park, the marriage of Henry VIII. to Lady Jane Seymour was solemnized, and the wedding dinner was served up in a part of this building, then hung with tapestry, of which there are some remains. TYTHERTON CALLOWAYS Village deserves notice, from the peculiar circumstances attending its origin and progressive improvement. (See Beauties of Wilts, vol. 11. 638, also vol. 111.) At TYTHERINGTON, Chapel service is performed four times in the year. Sir Richard Hoare was informed, on authority which he had no reason to doubt, that a dog, accidentally left behind and shut up in the chapel on one of these days, was found alive ten weeks afterwards, and liberated. Of UPTON LOVEL was Rector Thomas Hickman, who raised a troop of horse for Chas. I. for which he endured 14 years suffering. At UPTON SCUDAMORE lived the Rev. Thomas Owen, distinguished Orientalist. The first Lord Arundel of WARDOUR CASTLE, at the Battle of Gran, took the sacred Ottoman standard with his own hands, for which he was created Count of the Holy Roman Empire, 1595. Among the portraits are the heroic Lady Blanch, by Angelica Kauffman; and Sir Thos. More, after Holbein. In the Study is an exquisite piece of workmanship in ivory, by Michael Angelo, of our Saviour on the Cross. In Lady Arundel's Cabinet is the cross worn by Cardinal Pole, &c. In the dining parlour is a curious specimen of ancient carved oak, the Grace cup or Wassel bowle, brought from Glastonbury Abbey. It is considered of true Saxon origin. In the Red room is a very rich state bed, in which Kings Charles I. and II. and James II. lay when at Wardour. The chapel internally is the most beautiful private chapel in England. Near the altar is a monument to the memory of the heroic Lady Blanch and her husband. In WEST DEAN Church are several memorials of the Evelyn family. Of WEST KNOYLE was Richard Willoughby, supposed to be the "Justice Willoughby of Knoyle," in Fielding's Tom Jones. At WILTON was manufactured the first English carpet by Anthony Duffosy, brought from France by the Herbert family; who also established a manufactory of marble cloth here.-In 1299 Sir Osborne Gifford of Fonthill stole from the Nunnery two fair nuns, and run off. Godwin and Weaver contain the curious penances for this offence.-The House, says Mr. Britton, partakes more of the Roman palace than the English villa. Here is a most splendid collection of works of art. The busts amount to 175. Among the statues is a Venus sleeping, as curious as any in the collection. Among the relievos is one singularly beautiful, of mosaic work, composed of marble of various colours, representing Hercules in the Hesperides. Here is an ancient painting of Richard II. when a youth, at his devotions, on two tablets. It was painted in 1377, and is an extremely interesting and valuable painting, Of ZEALS was Hugh Grove, who espoused the cause of Charles II.; and who was beheaded A. D. 1655; “pro lege et rege." S. T. 1825.] REVIEW OF NEW PUBLICATIONS. 61. A Critical Enquiry regarding the real Author of the Letters of Junius, proving them to have been written by Lord Viscount Sackville. By George Coventry. Printed by G. Woodfall. 8vo. pp. 382. 2. That 1. That he was an Englishman.- NUMEROUS as have be wiler that conjectures respecting the Writer of these celebrated Letters, not one of them has produced conviction. How far Mr. Coventry may have succeeded, remains to be proved. If he fail, it is not from deficiency of taste, or of multifarious research. In a neat prefatory address, Mr. Coventry thus clears the field from all preceding attempts. "I have carefully perused the whole of the voluminous controversy that has taken place at different periods on this interesting subject, wherein the claims of Thomas Hollis, William Henry Cavendish Bentinck, John Roberts, J. P. de Lolme, John Horne Tooke, Charles Lloyd, Dr. Wilmot, Lord Shelburne, Samuel Dyer, Colonel Barrè, Bishop Butler, Edmund Burke, Dr. Gilbert Stuart, Hugh Macauley Boyd, Counsellor Dunning, William Greatreakes, Richard Glover, W. G. Hamilton, Rev. P. Rosenhagen, Sir William Jones, General Lee, John Wilkes, Edward Gibbon, and Sir Philip Francis have been brought forward and critically examined. On behalf of some of these individuals strong presumptive evidence has been adduced, but which evidence has ultimately failed in many of the most material points. I shall therefore pass them over in silence, except the name of Sir Philip Francis, which I shall have occasion to notice further in the first Chapter. "There are also two other noble characters who have at times excited suspicion, but whose names are not inserted in the foregoing catalogue. I allude to the Earl of Chesterfield and Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford." The claims of the last-named Noble "The Reader who may still be biassed in was neither a lawyer nor a clergyman.-4. were 326 REVIEW.-Coventry's Enquiry regarding Junius. were sufficiently important to induce him to write no more.-24. Finally, that so powerful an attack on the private character of persons of such high rank, being inconsistent with the pen of political writers in general, who condemn measures, and not character; we may reasonably conclude, that they proceeded from the pen of one who had received a severe wound from some of those individuals who formed part of the existing administration." "From these articles we may, at one view, collect the leading principles of Junius, which Horne Tooke candidly informed him would suit no form of Government; indeed many of them appear highly inconsistent with so popular a writer ;-nevertheless, all which testimonials I have proved are united in the person of Lord Viscount Sackville." The intellectual character of his Hero, Mr. Coventry has collected from the testimony of several of his eminent contemporaries. "Having shown that the enemies of Junius were enemies of Lord Viscount Sack ville; that the friends of Junius were the friends of Lord Viscount Sackville; and that the line of politics laid down by the former, was strictly pursued by the latter, it now only remains to affix further testimonials of his Lordship's abilities, which have occasionally been called in question, as inadequate to the performance of the Letters. The able speeches which have been brought forward, as evidence of his Lordship's opinions, clearly prove that he was competent to speak or write on any subject. There were very few topics that came before the House, on which his Lordship did not enlarge. These speeches have, undoubtedly, been read with interest by all statesmen and members of Parliament. For the satisfaction of our readers, I shall lay before them a few testimonials of eminent men who were well acquainted with him, and who were competent judges to discriminate between natural and acquired talent: "There was no trash in his mind.' William Gerard Hamilton. "Lord Sackville never suffered the clear ness of his conceptions to be clouded by any obscurity of expressions.'-Richard Cumberland. "Lord Sackville's countenance indicated intellect, particularly his eye, the motions of which were quick and piercing.'Sir N. Wraxall. "I thank the Noble Lord for every proposition he has held out: they are worthy of a great mind, and such as ought to be adopted.'-Lord North. "Lord George Sackville was a man of very sound parts, of distinguished bravery, and of as honourable eloquence.'-Lord Orford, vol. 1. p. 244. [Oct. ship was Secretary for the Colonies, he had, "During the seven years that his Lordprincipally, Charles James Fox to contend with. Throughout this long and arduous plies.'-Parliamentary Debates.' period, he displayed signal ability in his re Butler, Mr. Coventry pays the respect To the "Reminiscences" of Mr. which that Gentleman's talents and integrity so well deserve. Some just compliments are also paid however, appear desirous these delito the Duke of Dorset; who does not, cate investigations relative to his Father should be publicly discussed; but ceived from William Little, Esq. of most material assistance has been reWoodfall, the intelligent son of the Richmond, and from Mr. George original Printer of Junius's Letters. The motives for the pointed ferocity of Junius against many distinguished by Mr. Coventry; who adds, characters are ingeniously developed ing object of Junius's attack, the Marquiss "Let us now proceed to the most strikof Granby, who received the thanks of Prince Ferdinand, the thanks of the King, was promoted to the station of Commanderin-chief, Master-general of the Ordnance, a Member of the Privy Council, a Governor places, previously held by Lord George Sackof Christ's Hospital, with other important ville himself." As far as relates to the high employ- it as our own opinion, that Mr. Coven- 62. Remains of the late Rev. Charles Wolfe, 270. remarkable for wild and original flights un |