ΤΟ THE DIRECTORS OF THE LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER ON THE COMPARATIVE MERITS OF LOCOMOTIVE AND FIXED ENGINES, AS A MOVING POWER. BY JAMES WALKER, CIVIL ENGINEER. OBSERVATIONS ON THE COMPARATIVE MERITS OF LOCOMOTIVE AND FIXED ENGINES, AS APPLIED TO RAILWAYS. BY ROBERT STEPHENSON AND JOSEPH LOCKE, ADVERTISEMENT TO THE AMERICAN EDITION. THE increasing interest felt on the subject of Railroads has led to the republication of the present pamphlet. The value of stationary and of locomotive power is fully discussed in the subsequent pages by Walker and Rastrick, who were advocates of the first method, and by Locke and the Stephensons, who advocated, and have successfully introduced the latter on the Manchester and Liverpool Railroad. The description of this stupendous undertaking, by Mr. Booth, will prove to our readers that the difficulties to be surmounted were without a parallel, and, consequently, afford no data for estimating the usual cost of Railroads. In the Appendix the cost is stated in detail:-it appears that the bridges alone, on this road, (which extends only thirty-one miles,) have cost £108,565 11s. 9d. The land has cost £105,282 14s. 3d. (exclusive of the land purchased in Manchester and Liverpool.) These two items, alone, exceed the whole estimated cost of the Pennsylvania Railroad from Columbia to Philadelphia, which is nearly thrice the length of this road. The actual cost of 40,54 miles now finished (with the exception of the rails and their blocks) has been $281,755 14 cents; being only $6,932,4% per mile! This Railway extends 813 miles. The following official account of the work may be interesting." 64 "On the 20 miles of road formation from the Schuylkill River, westward, the cost of construction was much increased by the undulatory nature of the country. Several deep excavations through rock and hard slate were required, and in some instances considerable embankments formed. Of the former, 152 chains in length were excavated, the greatest depths of the particular portions varying from 14 to 26 feet, and of the latter, 51 chains in length, from 16 to 39 feet. The curves upon this division vary from 631 feet radius, to 1891 feet. In the 219141 |