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NEW NOVELS.

Synnövé Solbakken.

From the Norwegian of Björnstjerne Björnson, by Julie Sutter. (Macmillan.)

God and the Man. By Robert Buchanan' (Chatto & Windus.)

crescendo of interest. The youthful troubles nor a duke, nor a clergyman, nor a libertine, and quarrels of Christian Christianson; his love nor a poet; in fact, he seems to be a very affairs; his voyage in the good ship Miles ordinary, though decidedly favourable, speci Standish as a sailor before the mast, while men of an English gentleman. May he his rival and enemy passes the time before increase and multiply! If the book had been his very eyes in the company of Christian's in two volumes instead of three we could have own lady-love, and urges his suit at pleasure; spoken much better of it. Miss Daisy Dimity. By the Author of finally, the sojourn of the two amid ice and "Queenie." (Hurst & Blackett.) Edith. By Lady Herbert. (Bentley.) Young Marmaduke. By W. H. Davenport Adams. (Marcus Ward.)

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Ein Kampf ums Recht. By K. E. Französ. (Breslau and Leipzig: Schottländer.) MESSES. MACMILLAN appear to be undertaking a series of translations of foreign novels from the less-read tongues in a handsome form. Synnövé Solbakken is a sisterbook in print, paper, and binding to M. Gennadius' excellent translation of Loukis Laras. We wish we could say that it is a sister-book in the excellence of the version; but Miss Sutter has made slips in English which the late Greek Minister did not make, and was not likely to make. What she means by an eagle planing" in the air we are quite unable to divine, unless she intends to make the English language a present of the French verb planer. We are tolerably sure that the Norwegian novelist, in describing the sunny upland from which his heroine's surname is derived, did not say "there the snow remained latest in autumn, and melted sooner than elsewhere in the spring." What he did say, no doubt (for we have not the original before us, and must honestly confess that we should not be much the wiser if we had), is that the snow "began to lie" latest, or something of that sort. However, though these blemishes are annoying, they are not fatal to the interest of Björnson's charming story. There are few countries whose peasant life has been more handled by English writers in travel or fiction than that of Norway; but it is curious how fresh the outlines are

as we have them here from the hand of one

who is at once a native and a master of literature. It is no rose-coloured picture that Björnson gives when he ventures on a sketch like that of the wedding party of Marit Nordhang; yet nothing can be farther from mere realism. As for Synnövé herself, it is impossible to help falling in love with her. Her actual lover, Thorbiorn, is curiously like a modern Sintram in real life—so curiously like that, except on the supposition of an unconscious literary influence of the elder writer on the younger, Fouqué must be credited with a rather remarkable divination of Norse character. As for the setting of landscape, it is beautiful even in a not too successful translation.

Mr. Robert Buchanan has been more successful in his present book than in either of his two former attempts in the same style. The introduction of the fable may be a little cumbrous, and the verse prologue is pitched too high; but, as soon as the reader gets into the swing of the story, he reads with a great deal of interest, and is actually sorry when it is done a very rare experience for a reviewer, whatever it may be for an unprofessional reader. One point to be particularly noticed about the book is that there is a steady

snow, and the judgment of God between them, give a succession of strong subjects which are handled with real power. Mr. Buchanan has for the most part avoided his two besetting sins of triviality and extravagance; while the powerful situations he has chosen make a certain amount of ornateness in the style appropriate and not unpleasing. There is, perhaps, a certain want of clearness and cohesion in the personation of the villain, Richard Orchardson; and his victim, Christian's sister, may be thought also to be insufficiently drawn. But the kind of novel, or rather, to use his own word, romance, which Mr. Buchanan practises admits readily enough of this want of finish in the subordinate characters. In the hero and heroine there is no lack of completeness; the latter, in particular, is a very natural and a very pleasant character. The strength of the book is, however, undoubtedly to be found in Christian Christianson's narrative of his probation and victory over the evil spirit of The gradations of mood are excellently managed; and the writing is for the most part as good as the character-drawing.

revenge

in the frozen island.

Miss Daisy Dimity is open to the charge of slightness; and it is not so good a book as some others of its author's, notably Orange Lily. The chief fault to be found with it is that it is decidedly too long. The humours of the lower kind of society which lays itself out to amuse and, if possible, to catch the officers" in garrison towns are not unhappily portrayed; and the picture will only be thought a caricature by those who have had no experience of the original. But the individual figures are rather loosely drawn, with the exception of the heroine, who is a pleasant, healthy, lady-like girl of the kind which the author loves. But she is not very individual, and not particularly interesting. The rather shady society into which her care less brother introduces her at the garrison town is also drawn with some liveliness, though with the same, and perhaps even a greater, deficiency of individuality. Perhaps the best scene, and certainly the most life-like (though it is very likely to be subjected to that accusation of caricature to which we have already referred), is that in which the party of girls and men take tea on the roof of a wretched suburban villa as a cheerful and original variation on the usual monotony of a drawingroom, and, going from one length to another, end by pelting passers-by with lumps of sugar and fragments of plaster. Of the male figures, Mr. "Smiler' "" Lee is the most original, and his likes might be found in not a few haunts of the British Devonport and Fort George. As for the hero, it is interesting to note in him a species of hero who has not been common of late years. He is neither distractingly beautiful nor hideously ugly, nor marvellously clever,

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In so far as Edith is not a novel with a purpose, it is insignificant. In so far as it is a novel with a purpose, it seems to be intended-first, to protest against "the English law which exists in no other country, and which turns the old and widowed mother out of house and home," and next to afford Lady Herbert the opportunity of making one of her characters remark that, "if she had been a Protestant, she should have died of grief," but that, being a Catholic, conviction that a mother's prayers and a mother's sacrifices are never lost." Without entering on controversial topics, it may be sufficient to say that Lady Herbert's law and theology both seem to be of the adventurous kind.

"she has the

Adams has made use of the events of '93, In Young Marmaduke, Mr. Davenport and seems to have made a

very toler able boys' book of them. He has stuck very fairly to the historical facts, and has not played any of the fantastic tricks to which

theorisers about the French Revolution have But we must demur

lately accustomed us. to the statement that Young Marmaduke "for the first time puts these facts in an attractive way before young readers." FiveDuchénier: a Tale of La Vendée (we quote and-twenty years ago there was a book called from a memory unrefreshed during the period named), which was attractive enough to boys and girls of that day; and which, if we are not deceived by the said memory, was of a rather higher order of literature than Young

Marmaduke.

A

Herr Französ has pitched the locality of his story in a region sufficiently unfamiliar to Englishmen the eastern slopes of the Carpathians looking towards the Pruth. His opening scene is a well-arranged one. slippery agent, sent by an absentee landlord to wring the uttermost farthing from his tenants and send it to Paris, is greeted by an array of horsemen all armed with pistols, "for

use when needful," as an

aged but communicative village official informs him. They discharge the pistols in salvoes round the devoted agent's head, refuse entirely to drink at his expense, and inform father may be the way of the plains," but him that talking about their landlord as their that it won't do for them. The note thus struck is very fairly sustained in these two volumes, which are worth the attention of those who are on the look-out for readable German novels. GEORGE SAINTSBURY.

SOME FOREIGN BOOKS OF FOLK-LORE.

Coleccion de Cantes flamencos. Recojidos y anotados por Demofilo. between (Sevilla.) Demofilo is the nom de guerre of a Sevillian journalist and well-known writer Antonio Machada Alvarez. on folk-lore, Don The Cantes flamencos consist mainly of quatrains composed either for dance or song by the Andalusian Gypsies. Listened to by tourists who visit the

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Gypsies in their haunts, or heard in the cafés where they are sometimes sung, though not in their genuine form, they have been frequently described as a peculiarly Spanish product, whereas, of all the forms of popular song, they are the least generally known and the least national. They are Gypsies' songs, though composed in a Spanish idiom. Their most marked characteristics a concentrated vigour of expression caused by the narrow limits of each poem-a whole romance being Occasionally summed up in four short lines and an intense melancholy, very different from the brightness of genuine Andalusian verse. Many of them tell of the tyranny and cruelties of Spanish prisons. Almost the only historical notice (but this occurs more than once) is that of the death of Riego, "whom the whole nation mourned." Allusions to a possible Gypsy mythology are found occasionally. The various kinds and forms of verse and metre which these poems assume are carefully distinguished by the collector. The orthography is phonetic; the words are printed "as we heard them, or at least as we believed we heard them." This gives to this little book a not inconsiderable philological value. Unless we have deceived ourselves, we observe here traces of the strange law of reversion or atavism which sometimes appears in unwritten language, and which Dr. Marsh has remarked in American English, and which we believe ourselves to have noticed in some of the Gascon idioms. Thus the initial aspirate, which is really lost, though still written, in ordinary Spanish, reappears in jabla for hablar, jasta for hasta, &c. So in the syntax, Demofilo notes the use of como like the Latin conj. cum, aud the infinitive used substantively as a gerundive. Elisions are very frequent, the most notable being d at the commencement as well as in the middle of a word, as e for de, elante for delante, ijiste for dijiste. The same word is not always written in the same way, but according to the actual pronunciation of the narrator; thus we have na, nan, naide, for nada and nadie; too and toito for todo, &c. It would have been an additional boon had the collector mentioned the locality of each varying pronunciation; in such a case a comparison with the Romance dialects of Southern France might have revealed analogous changes in mountain, plain, or maritime districts. The influence of climate and locality on phonology is not yet fully studied. All phonetic changes are so carefully marked in the notes and Preface that one who knows Spanish has no difficulty in following the text. The cost of this complete and scholarly work of over 200 pages is only one peseta; a cheaper ten-pennyworth we have seldom seen.

Contes populaires de la Haute-Bretagne, 2o Série. Contes des Paysans et des Pêcheurs. Par P. Sébillot. (Paris: Charpentier.) M. Paul Sébillot is one of the most indefatigable collectors of folk-lore tales. This is not only the second volume of his "Popular Tales of Upper Brittany," but he has also lately published the Littérature orale de la Haute-Bretagne, besides several articles and pamphlets; and he announces no less than six other works either in the press or in preparation. The literature of folk-lore is becoming rapidly so extensive that, if every district in Europe is to be treated at this length, it will be more than any student can do to master the materials of his subject. Some systematic selection of the tales will become absolutely necessary. In the present volume, the "Contes des Pêcheurs," especially those entitled "Les Fées des Houles et de la Mer," have a certain distinctive character. Though not altogether new, they are told under fresh conditions, and with a distinctly local setting; but there are others which we can hardly think worth preserving in the form here given. In "Les petites Coudées," the names of

the sisters, "l'une Aurore et l'autre Crépuscule," natural conditions, the inhabitants, and the would be worth the attention of the atmospheric fauna and flora of the countries visited, the mythologists were not the whole story evidently author has prefixed a survey of all previous a reminiscence of several literary tales confused Arctic voyages, which will be of permanent together. So with another, in which the hero's value. The book is profusely illustrated, and name is "Point-du-Jour." What can be the well supplied with maps. worth of the version "Petite Bagnette," which WE hear that Mr. Edmund Robertson, Prothe narrator declares she learnt "il y a long-fessor of Roman Law in University College, temps," and yet introduces revolvers and a London, is writing the article on Law" for "mitrailleuse " "? The latter can hardly have the forthcoming volume of the Encyclopaedia been known in the provinces before 1870. So Britannica; and that Mr. Boyd Kinnear has with "allumettes" in a Cinderella version, and undertaken to treat of "Land Tenure," from others where the fairy is modernised into a a social and historical point of view. moral teacher. Would it not be better to give article on "Law" in the previous edition was in full only such forms as are worth preserving by the late J. F. McLennan, and formed the either from some novelty of detail or of genuine starting-point of his well-known speculations local colouring, and merely to indicate the rest on primitive society. as "variants"? Among the former class are "Moitié de Coq," "Le Bélier courant" (which seems like the story of a Bretonne Europa), and others similar. Apart from scientific folk-lore, and simply as a collection of tales, this volume should be highly successful, and will be more generally attractive to young folk, we think, even than its predecessor.

The

STUDENTS of Irish history in the seventeenth century who have enjoyed Mr. J. T. Gilbert's edition of the Aphorismical Discovery, by which light was thrown on the proceedings of the Owen Roe O'Neill and the Ulster Celts, will be glad to hear that Mr. Gilbert will publish on December 15 a no less important History of the Irish Confederation and the War in Ireland, IN his Recueil de Contes populaires grecs, 1641-43, by Richard Bellings. As Bellings was traduits sur les Textes originaux (Paris: Leroux), secretary to the Supreme Council of the ConM. Legrand has published in a French version federation, his information is of the best, and it a selection of Modern-Greek fairy stories, thirty will serve as a valuable counterpart to the narrain number, derived for the most part from collective of the Asphorismical Discovery. As usual in tions already made in Cyprus and Melos, in Mr. Gilbert's publications, the text forms but a Continental Greece and Asia Minor, and among small part of the banquet to which he invites the Greek colonies of Southern Italy; while a his readers, and he promises a rich store of few are taken from unpublished sources. He documents from various sources bearing on the tells us that in his translation he has aimed Irish history of the time. A few copies only especially at faithfulness to his originals; but, will be printed for subscribers, at the price of anyhow, the stories are very pleasant reading, £2 10s. for the two volumes which will compose and form an elegant little volume. Among the whole work. An early application to Mr. them we find our old friend Cinderella, which Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, who is authorised to here is briefly given, but contains the same receive subscriptions in England, is therefore narrative which is found in von Hahn's Griech desirable. ische Märchen, though it is not common in other versions, of the mother being first killed and eaten, and the youngest daughter being rewarded for collecting and watching her bones; and the mother is not first changed into a cow, as she is in the corresponding Servian tale. Here, too, occurs the story-though it is hardly in the strictest sense a popular tale of the daughter feeding her father in prison with her own milk, which is usually localised in Rome, and in that connexion has suggested some fine verses of Byron's in the fourth canto of Childe Harold, but which was also found in ancient times in Greece. In this instance it is combined with a play on words corresponding to that of Macduff, when he showed that he fulfilled the prophecy of being" of no woman born." The mixed origin of these stories-the Greek language of the originals being the one point they possess in common-deprives the collection of a scientific character; most of them also, as they have been published before, can be found by students of the subject in the works from which they are taken. But to such lovers of folk-lore as are not acquainted with Modern Greek, they will be welcome in their French dress, and no persons who are fond of fairy tales can fail to like them. If, however, it should ever come to pass that M. Legrand is able to publish the great collection of more than 300 unpublished Greek stories, which he tells us in his Preface that he has collected in the country and has in his possession, he will be conferring a real benefit on the student.

NOTES AND NEWS.

PROF. NORDENSKIÖLD's narrative of the voyage of the Vega round Asia and Europe, to be published by Messrs. Macmillan and Co. almost immediately, will be in all respects one of the most important books of travel that has appeared for a long time. Besides a full account of all the incidents of the voyage, the

MR. H. R. CLINTON has in the press a popular military history of England, entitled From Crecy to Assye. A unique feature in the work 18 that the plans of Crecy, Poitiers, and Agincourt are contributed by French collaborators. It also contains, by permission of Lord Harting. don, Clive's original despatch on the Battle of Plassey-a desire for which was recently expressed in these columns.

Ir is proposed to erect a monument to Sallust at Aquila, in the Abruzzi, overlooking the River Ateruo-the site of the ancient Amitern um, where the historian was born. An influential committee has been formed at Rome, with Prof. A. Vanucci, senator and historian, for its president. On the list of names we notice Victor Hugo and Mignet from France; von Sybel and Overbeck from Germany; and Max Müller alone from England. A local committee has also been formed at Aquila, with the special object of making a collection of MSS, editions, monographs, medals, inscriptions, &c., connected with the name of Sallust.

rare

giving a course of lectures at Glasgow upon MR. W. ROBERTSON SMITH is at present The Prophets: their Work and Times." Each lecture is given on Saturday afternoon and in a Free church. The same course is being again on Sunday evening-on both occasions repeated on alternate weeks at Edinburgh.

A COLLECTION of Kaffir folk tales, made by Mr. G. McCall Theal during a residence of twenty years in South Africa, is now at press, and will be issued in a few weeks by Messrs. W. Swan Sonnenschein and Co. Mr. Theal prefixes to the book an introductory chapter on the Kaffirs, their customs and mythology; and adds to each tale illustrative and explanatory notes, in some cases giving also the original dialect of the songs and chants. Being the first collection of genuine Kaffir folk tales at all representative, it may be looked forward

to with considerable interest, and forms a valuable outcome of the South African FolkLore Society.

THE Greek translation of Dante's Inferno by Musurus Pasha, the Turkish ambassador, to which we referred last week, will be published by Messrs. Williams and Norgate.

ONLY a fortnight ago we announced an illustrated edition of Select Tales from Grimm, to be published shortly by Messrs. Macmillan. We now hear that Messrs. De La Rue and Co. have in the press a new edition of Rumpelstiltskin, not the least popular of Grimm's tales, which will be illustrated both in colours and in black and white by Mr. George R. Halkett, the artist of New Gleanings from Gladstone.

WE are delighted to see that the example set by Messrs. Longmans in issuing sixpenny editions is being worthily followed. We already have before us part ii. of Sir Theodore Martin's Life of the Prince Consort (Smith, Elder and Co.); and now we hear that Messrs. Richard Bentley and Son will publish before Christmas a sixpenny edition of The Ingoldsby Legends, with forty illustrations by Cruikshank, Leech, and Tenniel; and that Messrs. Cassell, Potter, Galpin and Co. have ready a similar edition of Col. Burnaby's Ride to Khiva. It must be remembered that these are not literary curiosities, but books meant to be read.

MESSRS. WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS will publish almost immediately Mr. Lawrence Oliphant's new book, The Land of Khemi, in one volume, with illustrations. It may be worse than school-boy ignorance, but we must confess that we do not know where or what "Khemi" is.

MR. JOHN TOMLINSON proposes to publish in January, through Messrs. Wyman and Sons, a history of the Level of Hatfield Chace and the Parts Adjacent, illustrated with twelve fullpage engravings, lithographed maps, &c. The edition will consist of two hundred copies in quarto and fifty copies in crown folio. A peculiarity of the work is that the author undertakes to give, not the net profit, but the entire proceeds of sale to the Doncaster Infirmary. It can be ordered through any bookseller.

MR. J. L. MOWAT, of Pembroke College, will edit for the "Anecdota Oxoniensia" series the Glossary to the Breviarium Bartolomaei in Pembroke College Library; and a collation of the Harleian MS. of Nonius 2719, which is referred by the most competent authorities to the end of the ninth or the beginning of the tenth century, will be contributed to the same series by Mr. J. H. Onions, of Christ Church. As the "Leopold Shakspere," with Mr. Furnivall's Introduction, has got to its "Twenty-Second Thousand," the revisions which Mr. Furnivall made in that Introduction for Messrs. Cassell's "Royal Shakspere" will now be put as additional Notes to the "Leopold Shakspere."

THE Oxford Browning Society has not only completed its organisation, but has held a very successful first meeting, and has called a second for next Tuesday. Wishing to make it a select and social gathering, the promoters confined its numbers to forty-fifteen graduates, fifteen undergraduates, and ten ladies-with eight honorary members, and the numbers were speedily filled up by many of the best names in the university. At the first meeting, in the Balliol Common-Room, Mr. Lyttelton read a paper on "The Leading Ideas of Mr. Browning's Poetry." At the second, Mr. Paton Ker is to read on " Mr. Browning and his Critics."

MR. PERCY LINDLEY, who published some time ago an excellent little Tourist Guide to the Continent, is now engaged in preparing a Picturesque Guide to Lancashire and Yorkshire, on

behalf of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company.

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MR. A. ARTHUR READE, author of the Literary Ladder, has in the press a small manual on English Composition" and précis writing, which will be published by Messrs. John Marshall and Co. as one of "Houghton's Educational Series."

MESSRS. MITCHELL AND HUGHES have this week issued to the members of the Harleian Society the Visitation of Yorkshire in 1564, edited by the Rev. C. B. Norcliffe; and the Registers of St. Thomas Apostle, London, from 1558 to 1754, edited by Col. Chester, D.C.L. MR. C. H. POOLE, of Weston Hall, Rugby, has ready for the press Customs, Superstitions, and Legends of Staffordshire. He is the author of a similar work on the county of Somerset, which was very favourably received.

MRS. G. LINNAEUS BANKS, author of the Manchester Man, will shortly commence in the Leeds Express a new story dealing with Yorkshire life, under the title of "Edith Earnshaw." MR. JOHN COOK's History of the Hull Charterhouse is promised for an early date. It will be a work of more than local interest, and will be illustrated by T. Tindall Wildridge.

WE are glad to hear that the Cambridge Syndicate on the Stanford bequest of £5,000 to complete Mr. Stanford's "Etymological Dictionary of Foreign Words and Phrases imported into English" have now (after a second reference) prepared a scheme for carrying the testator's intentions into effect.

THE forthcoming lecture arrangements at the Royal Institution will include the usual Christmas course of six lectures, to be given this year by Prof. R. S. Ball, the Astronomer-Royal of illustrations by the electric light, &c.); eleven "The Sun, Moon, and Planets" (with lectures by the new Fullerian Professor of Physiology; four by Prof. H. N. Moseley,

Ireland, on

on

"Corals; " four by Dr. P. L. Sclater, on three by Prof. Tyndall; four by Prof. Pauer, on "The Geographical Distribution of Animals; "Louis van Beethoven" (with illustrations on the pianoforte); and four by Mr. W. Watkiss Lloyd, on "The Iliad and Odyssey." The Friday evening meetings will begin on January 20. Dr. W. Huggins will give a discourse on "Comets." Succeeding discourses will probably be given by Mr. R. S. Poole, Profs. Oding, Frankland, J. G. McKendrick, and W. E. Ayrton; Capt. Abney, Mr. A. Tylor, Mr. J. W. Swan, and Mr. W. Spottiswoode.

MR. BROWNING's Sordello will be the subject of Mr. Moncure D. Conway's discourse at South Place Chapel, Finsbury, on Sunday, December 4, at 11.15 a.m.; and, on the following Sunday, he will discuss, at the same place and time, Mr. Tennyson's Despair.

THE terminal number of Waifs and Straysthe Oxford undergraduates' magazine of poetry -has just been published, and in some particulars it is more worthy of notice than any of its predecessors. It opens with a short poem, "My Rhyme of Love," from the pen of Mr. William Bell Scott, the well-known etcher and poet; and it concludes with a mystery-play entitled "The History of Philip the Deacon: a Pageant played at Oxford on Corpus Christi Day," in which the writer seems to us to have skilfully reproduced a distinctly mediaeval line of thought and expression. The poems signed "B. N." are of singular merit, and augur well for the future productions of their author. The number is embellished by two small wood-cuts designed and engraved by undergraduates. The paper and type are all that could be desired. MESSRS. D. APPLETON AND CO. have ceased to be publishers of the North American Review, owing, it is said, to the insertion of recent

articles from the pen of Mr. R. Ingersoll. For the future, the magazine will be published by Mr. Allen Thorndike Rice, who is already both proprietor and editor.

AT the meeting of the Clifton_Shakspere Society held on November 26, Reports in connexion with The Merry Wives of Windsor were presented from the following departments: Sources and History, by Mr. John Williams; and Rare Words and Phrases, by Mr. L. M. J. W. Mills, was read. Griffiths. A paper on "Falstaff," by Mr. Stokes read a paper on "The Relative Order The Rev. H. P. of the Falstaff-Plays." Mr. P. A. Daniel's Time-Analysis of The Merry Wives of Windsor (which, with the Time-Analysis of the other comedies, had been read at the meeting of the New Shakspere Society on November 8, 1878) was also read.

AN important undertaking in philosophical literature is announced from America. This is English Readers and Students," to be published a series of "German Philosophical Classics for by Messrs. S. C. Griggs and Co., of Chicago. The editor-in-chief is Prof. Morris, of Johns Hopkins University; and among those who have promised to take part in the work we notice the names of President Porter, of Yale; Dr. Harris, of St. Louis; Prof. Watson, of Kingston, Canada; and Prof. Adams, of Owens College. The first volume is promised for the early part of next year. There will be about twelve volumes in all, being devoted to the critical exposition of some one masterpiece belonging to the history of German philosophy. The only authors admitted are Leibnitz, Kant, Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel.

MESSRS. J. B. LIPPINCOTT AND Co. have in

the press a work on the Indian tribes of the by Mr. Francis S. Drake. It will be published United States, their history, antiquities, &c., in two volumes, with illustrations.

MESSRS. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND Co., of Boston, have brought out a memoir of the late Personal Sketches, with unpublished fragments "James T. Fields, entitled Biographical Notes and and tributes from men and women of letters The book is understood to be written by his widow.

IN a letter to the New York Publishers' makes a valuable suggestion to the question of Weekly for November 12, Mr. Simon Newcomb international copyright with America. The one remaining obstacle lies in the demand for publication in America within a limited period. If that no chance; if it is too long, the American public period is too short, the unknown author will have may possibly be deprived of a prompt edition suited to their tastes. Mr. Newcomb's sugges tion is aimed to meet the latter alternative. He proposes that if an American edition of an English book be not brought out within a limited fixed period, any American publisher may issue it on payment of a royalty, determined by a per-centage on the retail price.

It is pro

THE Commercial treaty between France and Belgium, which is now under consideration by a committee of the French Chamber, includes international copyright among the subject-matter of its provisions. posed to extend the period within which foreign authors shall mutually enjoy au absolute right of authorising a translation of their works from five to ten years, provided that the translation first appears within three years. But this extension does not satisfy the Syndicat des Sociétés littéraires et artistiques pour la Protection de la Propriété intellectuelle à l'Etranger," which is presided over by M. G. Hachette. He urges that the literary convention of June 1881 between France and Spain, which fixes no limit of time as regards translation except that of the author's copyright in the

original, should be adopted as the standard formula; that it should not be necessary for an author to state, in the front of his work, that he reserves the right of translation; and that the reproduction of articles in periodicals and newspapers, other than political, should be prohibited, unless with the sanction of the author. One would have thought that the question of translation, as opposed to reproduction, was not of much importance between France and Belgium.

AMONG the books placed in the Index during the present year we find M. Ernest Renan's L'Antichrist, published as far back as 1873 and two works almost as old by M. Emile Burnouf. On the other hand, of a certain curé of Malétable, named Mignorel (whose book was prohibited" in 1875), it is recorded that "laudabiliter se subjecit et opus reprobavit."

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So also of the abbé Curci.

THE publishing house of Hoepli, of Milan, will shortly issue Cavour's Lettre edite ed inedite, 1829-61, in three volumes.

MRS. GARFIELD has sent Mr. Furnivall a kind letter acknowledging the receipt of the New Shakspere Society's resolutions of October 4, touching the death of President Garfield, which were sent to her by H.R.H. the Duke of Albany:

"In my husband's name I thank the members of this society for the honorary membership conferred upon me, and I join with President Garfield's mother in gratitude to them for their sympathy with us in our great bereavement. Very truly

yours,

"LUCRETIA R. Garfield."

FRENCH JOTTINGS.

WE learn from the Revue critique that a scheme is already far advanced to found at Paris a "Société Historique," with the double object of promoting intercourse between historians and of stimulating young men to the serious study of history. It is proposed to establish a Cercle, or "club," near the Boulevard St-Germain, for social purposes; to hold periodical meetings for the reading and discussion of papers; to open what we should call a co-operative book-shop; to publish a Bulletin périodique, and, when means allow, works of permanent value. The term "history" is to be interpreted in its widest sense, including the history of literature, of art, and of law; and the whole project is tinged with a patriotic colour. The subscription is fixed at what seems to us the high sum of 60 frs. a-year, with 100 frs. entrance fee. On the list of the organising committee we notice the names of MM. G. Fagniez and G. Monod, joint-editors of the Revue Historique; of MM. E. Boutmy and G. Paris, both of the Institute; of M. E. Müntz, librarian of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts; and of our own contributor, M. G. Hanotaux.

M. ZOLA has finished a new novel, to be called Pot-Bouille, for which he is said to have received the sum of 30,000 frs. merely for the right of first publication as a feuilleton.

THE house at St-Malo in which Chateaubriand was born is condemned to destruction, but the furniture of the room and some other relics are to be preserved in the Hôtel de Ville as the nucleus of a Chateaubriand museum.

M. EUG. BELIN announces that he will issue very shortly an edition of the Sermons of Bossuet, edited after the original texts or from MS. sources by M. A. Gazier. The total number of sermons to be given is twenty-three, which were delivered between 1653 and 1690.

M. AULARD is engaged upon a history of parliamentary eloquence during the French Revolution, of which the first volume, entitled

Les Orateurs de l'Assemblée constituante, has just been published by Hachette.

M. ULYSSE ROBERT has just issued the second part (Paris: Alphonse Picard) of his Inventaire Sommaire of all the MSS. in the libraries of France of which the catalogues are not printed. The first part appeared in 1879.

THE first volume has appeared (Paris: Firmin-Didot) of the Euvres inédites de Bossuet, edited by M. A. L. Ménard from the MSS. elsewhere. preserved in the Bibliothèque Nationale and The series will consist of two

volumes, containing the course of instruction given by Bossuet (with two assistants) to the Dauphin, son of Louis XIV. The subjectmatter of this first volume is the Satires of Juvenal, with notes and an application to the morals of the time, taken down by shorthand as delivered by Bossuet. There is also a portrait of Bossuet, after Rigaud, reproduced by photogravure.

M. LEGOUVÉ, of the Académie française, has just issued (Paris: Hetzel) La Lecture en Action, which may be regarded as the complement of L'Art de la Lecture, by the same author. Mdme. de Sévigné, is the subject of a memoir THE marquis de Grignan, the grandson of by M. Frédéric Masson (just published by Plon), which gives a most interesting picture of the education of a young man of fortune, and of his life in camp, at the end of the seventeenth century.

has published in three volumes (Epernay THE abbé Manceaux, curé of Hautvillers, Doublat) an elaborate history of the Abbey of Hautvillers. Besides being one of the most important Benedictine houses in France, which sheltered long the relics of St. Helena, this monastery is best known to fame as having produced the monk who manufactured the first bottle of sparkling champagne.

THE first part has appeared (Paris: Imprimerie nationale) of a series of documents "pour servir à l'histoire" of the Paris hospitals, which are being edited by M. Brièle, the official archivist. It is entitled Déliberation de l'ancien Bureau de l'Hôtel-Dieu.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

on

WE have our table the following:-4 Method of Teaching the Deaf and Dumb Speech, Lip-Reading, and Language, with Illustrations and Exercises, by Thomas Arnold (Smith, Elder and Co.); Deafmutism and the Education of Deaf Mutes by Lip-Reading and Articulation, by Dr. Arthur Hartmann, Translated and Enlarg d by James Patterson Cassells, M.D. (Baillière, Tindall and Cox); A Police Code and Manual of the Criminal Law, by C. E. Howard Vincent (Cassell, Petter, Galpin and Co.); Evenings at Home in Spiritual Séance, Prefaced and Welded together by a Species of Autobiography, by Miss Houghton, First Series (Trubner); Practical Boat Building and Sailing, fully Illustrated with Designs and Working Diagrams, by Adrian Neison, Dixon Kemp, and G. Christopher Davies (L. Upett Gill); The Life of the Soul in the World: a Book of Spiritual Reading and Meditation for Thoughtful Men and Women, by the Rev. F. C. Woodhouse (S. P. C. K.); Arkite Worship, by the Rev. R. Balgarnie (James Nisbet and Co.); The Nature of God: Four Essays, by Oswald John Simon (Simpkin, Marshall and Co.); Shorthand made Easy; or, the Locomotive System of Stenography (Stanford); The Philosophy of Mifflin and Co.; London: Trübner); The Story Carlyle, by Edwin D. Meadd (Boston: Houghton, of the New Testament told in Connexion with the Revised Version, by the Rev. Andrew Carter (Whittaker and Co.); Mr. Askill's Defence upon his Expulsion from the House of Commons of

Great Britain in 1707 (Abel Heywood and Son); The Royal Guide to the London Charities for 1881-82, by Herbert Fry (David Bogue); The Illustrated Catholic Family Annual for 1882 (Burns and Oates); &c., &c.

OF new editions we have received :-On Miracles and Modern Spiritualism: Three Essays, by Alfred Russel Wallace, Second Edition (Trübner); The English Language: its Grammar and History, by the Rev. Henry Lewis, Ninth Edition (Stanford); Short Notes on the Greek Text of the Gospel of St. Mark, by J. Hamblin Smith, Third Edition (Rivingtons); History of the Christian Religion to the Year Two Hundred, by Charles B. Waite, Third Edition, Revised (Chicago: C. V. Waite and Co.); The Legend of St. Olaf's Kirk, by George Houghton, Second Edition, Revised (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co.; London: Trübner); &c., &c.

We have also received the following pamphlets:-Women's Rights as Preached by Women Past and Present, by A Looker On (Kegan Paul, Trench and Co.); The Memorbook of Nürnberg, containing the Names of the Jews Martyred in that City in the Year 5109 = 1349 A D., Edited by W. H. Lowe (Jewish Chronicle by Joseph Chamberlain: Imports, Exports, and Office); The French Treaty and Reciprocity, the French Treaty, by J. K. Cross; Free Trade and Tariffs, by John Slagg (Cassell, Petter, Galpin and Co.): The Political Organisation of the Empire, by Francis P. Labilliere (Stanford); Some First Lines of Catholic Politics, traced by A Catholic Englishman (W. H. Allen); from the Human Sovereignty of Christ on Earth, Honour and the Stag: a Reply to Prof. Owen from the Scientific Point of View (Williams and Norgate); The Clergy and Church Music, by James Swinburne (Masters and Co.); The People's Pocket Book; or, the Constitution of Comprehensionalism (H. Cattell & Co.); Primer of "Legible Shorthand," for the Use of Schools and Students, by Edward Pocknell (John Heywood); Homoeopathic Patients and Operating Surgeons, by R. E. Dudgeon, M.D. (Henry Turuer); The Employers' Liability Act, 1880 (George Howe); Introductory Address delivered at University College, London, on October 3, 1881, by George Vivian Poore, M.D. (Andover: The Standard Office); Alsatiana; or, the Faithful Daughter: a Fairy Tale of the Present Day, by Emile Wendling (E. Marlborough and Co.); Transactions of the Leicester Literary and Philosophical Society and Report of the Council (Leicester: Samuel Clarke); All about Gold, Gems, and Pearls in Ceylon (Colombo: Ferguson); Dry Bank Statistics, by John Jay Knox (Trübner); &c., &c.

A TRANSLATION.
HORACE, BOOK III., ODE 20.
(Non vides, quanto moveas periclo.)
PYRRHUS! thy peril dost perceive,
A tigress of her whelps to reave?
Thou, who wilt soon the combat leave
A prowling cur,
When, bursting through long ranks of foes,
Nearchus to regain she goes,

For guerdon which the flight bestows
On thee or her.
Whilst thou drawest forth the arrows keen,
She whets her teeth of fearful teen,
Careless the umpire stands between,
The wreath treads down,
Cools in the breeze his shoulder bare
Down which streams loose his odorous hair,
Like Nireus, or the victim fair
Of Idas crown.

JAMES INNES MINCHIN.

MAGAZINES AND REVIEWS.

Le Bataillon du 10 Aoû:: Re

POLLIO, J., et A. MARCEL.
cherches pour servir à l'Histoire de la Révolution française.

Paris: Charpentier. 3 fr. 50 c.

SCHMELTZ, J. D. E., u. R. KRAUSE. Die ethnographisch

anthropologische Abtheilung d. Museum Godeffroy in Hamburg, Ein Beitrag zur Kunde der Südsee-Völker, Hamburg: Fried richsen. 25 M.

BECERRO DE BENGOA opens an interesting number of the Revista Contemporanea (November 15) with a paper on "Modern Electricity." "The Dismissal of Public Luis Barthe, on Functionaries," discusses a question of the highest practical importance in Spain. Elías de STRAUB, A. Le Cimetière gallo-romain de Strasbourg. Molins publishes the Roman inscriptions in the Provincial Museum of Barcelona. But the most important articles are by Tinajero y Martinez and by Gen. Cordova. The former, in

Polystoria," treats of Spanish historians of the seventeenth century. Mariana among the general, Argensola and Solis among the colonial, and Hurtado de Mendoza and Melo among the special historians are selected for high commendation. Gen. Cordova, in "The Expedition to Italy in 1849," gives a spirited narrative of the abortive negotiations of M. F. de Lesseps with the Roman Government.

THE article by Mr. E. W. Gosse on the early
writings of Mr. Robert Browning, in the De-
cember number of the Century, is one of the most
remarkable and interesting fragments of literary
biography ever published. The devotion of Mr.
Browning's life to the development of his poetic
genius; the love and sympathy shown by his
father, notwithstanding the intellectual diver-
gence of their minds; the vastness of his early
epic projects; the illumination of his mind by the
then neglected works of Shelley and Keats; the
long neglect suffered also by himself, palliated
by the recognition of his genius by such men
as Wordsworth, Macready, John Forster, and
John Stuart Mill-are all subjects of legitimate
curiosity, and the facts relating thereto are
here told with the authority of Mr. Browning
himself. Not less interesting is that part of
Mr. Gosse's paper which tells of the production
of his plays, and of his connexion with Macready
and the stage, which will clear up many mis-
understandings. The error of supposing that
these fine dramas "failed" in the ordinary BERNOULLI, J. J.
Mr.
sense of that term is here exposed.
Browning has been more fortunate than many
great men in choosing an editor for his valuable
information. Mr. Gosse has shown great taste
and skill in executing his important trust.

"The

THE December number of Temple Bar has a short story by Tourguéneff, called Brigadier," which all should read if they care to know how a short story should be written. The impression left by its studied simplicity is almost painful, like the glare of a southern sun. We fancy that it must be translated from the French, but Tourguéneff has never been fortunate in his translators. Another article, on "Art and Landscape in Edinboro'," by Mr. Frederick Wedmore, deserves notice. But for ourselves, confess that the abbreviation "Edinboro'" (is it an abbreviation ?) has fairly upset our faculty of criticism. We hate, in literature, to be reminded of luggage labels. We will only remark that Mr. Wedmore says of the Edinburgh National Gallery :"Of collections quite easily accessible, without let or hindrance, within the limits of Great Britain, it stands second only to the gallery in Trafalgar Square; and, if it stands second at a very great distance, there is yet in it more than enough to justify a long study."

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THE principal article in the Revista de Ciencias Históricas for August and September (which has reached us only lately) is "Los Iberos," the editor. In it he examines the principal theories concerning the origin of the Basque race and language, and decides against that of Padre F. Fita, who would establish a relationship between the Basque and Georgian languages. The most original part of the article is an attempt at a systematic and exhaustive analysis of Basque roots in Spanish toponymy. This we think only partially successful. Some of the so-called

roots seem to us arbitrary divisions of syllables; others, especially those from the Basses-Pyrénées, are decidedly of Romance origin. We notice, however, a corroboration of our own observations of the numerous Basque roots in Gallicia and the Asturias-i.e., in the parts where a Celtic toponymy is also most marked. Another valuable article is by F. Martorell y Peña on the fortified posts of Catalonia; the illustrations show clearly the cyclopean foundations of Tarragona, with the more recent masonry bearing Celtiberian letters above it, and this again succeeded by Roman and mediaeval work. History is represented in "The Council of Constance," by F. de Bofarull, and in the "History of the Counts of Empurias Bishop Taverner. In numismatics Elías de Molins describes the commemorative medals in the Archaeological Museum of Barcelona.

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SELECTED

BOOKS.

GENERAL LITERATURE.

Römische Ikonographie. 1. Thl. Die
Bildnisse berühmter Römer. Stuttgart: Spemann. 20 M.
BRAUN, J. W. Schiller u. Goethe im Urtheile ihrer Zeit-
genossen. Zeitungskritiken. Berichte u. Notizen. Schiller
u. Goethe u deren Werke betr., aus den J. 1773-1812.
1. Abth. Schiller. 1. u. 2. Bd. Leipzig: Schlicke.
15 M.

En Canot de Douai au Helder:
CAVBOIS, J., et H. DUHEM.
Texte et Gravures. Paris: Marpon & Flammarion. 10 fr.
DANGLAR, E. G. Les Sémites et le Sémitisme aux Points de
Paris:
Vue ethnographique, religieux et politique.
Maisonneuve. 3 fr.

DIFFERT, A. de. Le Prince. Etude politique. Leipzig:
Rübe. 6 M. 40 Pt.

DRAKE, 8. A. The Heart of the White Mountains: their
Legend and Scenery. Chatto & Windus. 31s 61.

GOED KE, K. Grundriss zur Geschichte der deutschen Dich-
tung. 8. Bd 7 Hft. Dresden: Ehlermann. 4 M 60 Pt.
HOFMANN, N. Bronce-Arbeiten in deutscher Renaissance.
1. Lfg. Berlin: Nicolai, 15 M.

LENTHERIC, Ch. La Région du Bas-Rhône. Paris: Hachette.

3 fr. 50 c.
MARTIN, Sir Theodore.

The Works of Horace. Translated into English Verse. With a Life and Notes. Black wood.

21.

MATHIEU-BODET. Les Finances françaises 1870 à 1878
Paris: Hachette. 15 fr.
La Politique extérieure de la République
MAURICE. F.
française. Paris: Germer Baillère, 3 fr. 50 c.
MONTEPIN, X. de. La Fille de Marguerite. Paris: Dentu.
6 fr.
PALMER. W. J. The Tyne and its Tributaries. Bell. 25s.
RODT. E v. Das alte Bern, nach Zeichnen, u. eigenen Auf-
nahmen. 2. Serie. Bern: Huber. 25 M.

Die 8t. Paulus-Kirche zu Worms, ihr Bau u.
SCHNEIDer, F.
ihre Geschichte. Maioz: Diemer. 12 M.
SUMNER, H. The Avon. From Naseby to Tewkesbury.
WESSELY, J. E. Supplemente zu den Handbüchern der Kup-
fers ichkunde. Stuttgart: Spemann. 6 M.

Seeley. 31s. 6d.

WHINFIELD, E. H. The Quatrains of Omar Khayyam.

Trübner. 58.

ZOLLING, Th. Heinrich v. Kleist in der Schweiz. Stuttgart:
Spemann. 10 M.

THEOLOGY.

BRUSTON, C. Histoire critique de la Littérature prophétique

des Hébreux depuis les Origines jusqu'à la Mort a'Isaïe.
Paris: Fischbacher.
HERMAE Pastor. Graece. E codicibus Sinaitico et Lipsiensi
etc. Ed. A. Hilgenfeld. Ed. 2. L-ipzig: Weigel. 8 M.
Die epistolischen Perikop-n, auf Grund der
KUFLZ. E. O.
besten Ausleger älterer u neuerer Z-it exegetisch u.
homiletisch bearb. 1. B. Marburg: Elwert 5 M.
OROSI, Pauli, Historiarum adversus paganos libri VII. Rec.
C Zingemeister, Wien: Gerold's Sohn. 16 M.
RHYS DAVIDS, T. W. Lectures on the Origin and Growth of
Religion, as illustrated by some Points in the History of

Indian Buddhism. Williams & Norgate. 10s. 6d.

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Strassburg: Trübner. 20 M.

WEIDLING, J. Schwedische Geschichte im Zeitalter der Re-
formation. Gotha: Schlossmann. 6 M.
WENCK, C. Clemens V. u. Heinrich VII. Die Anfänge d.
französ. Papstthums. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte d. 14.
Jahrh. Halle: Niemeyer. 5 M.

PHYSICAL SCIENCE AND PHILOSOPHY.

BALTZER, L. Glyphes des Rochers du Bohuslän. 1re Partie.
DRUDE, O Die stossweisen Wachsthumsveränderungen in

Gothenburg: Pehrsson. 4 fr.

der Blattentwicklung v. Victoria regia Lindl. Leipzig:
Engelmann. 2 M 50 Pf.

GIRARD, M. Traité é émentaire d'Entomologie. T. 3. Fasc. 1.
Hymenoptères térébrants et macrolepidoptères. Paris:
J. B. Baillère. 20 fr.
HAZAY. J. Die Mollusken-Fauna v. Budapest m. besond.
Rücksichtnahme auf die embryonalen u biolog Verhält
nisse ihrer Vorkommnisse. Cassel: Fischer. 8 M.
HENZEL, R. Craniologische Studien. Leipzig: Engelmann.
12 M.

HUSNOT, T. Hepaticologia gallica. Paris: Savy 10 fr. 50 c.
KIPRIJANOFF, W. Studien üb. die fossilen Reptilien Russ
lands 1 Thl. St. Petersburg. 83.

LIARD. L. Descartes. Paris: Gormer Baillière. 5 fr.
LIEBISCH, Th. Geometrische Krystallographie.

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CORRESPONDENCE.

THE STATUE OF MARCO POLO AT VENICE. Trieste: Nov. 11, 1881. One of the chief attractions at the Mostra geografica of the "Carnival of Venice," as men now call the defunct Congress, was a supposed statue of Marco Polo. It was a life-sized figure in Chinese robes, gilt over, except the sailor's bat, which was black and intensely modern, and the beard, which was sky-blue, like that of an old Cutch pilot. The original is supposed to be in the "Hall of the Geni," Canton; and sundry Italian authorities, as the late Cav. Tomasoni, of Padua, believed in its authenticity.

My friend Mr. James Pincherle, of Trieste, copied the characters for you at my especial request. The subject, I venture to say, deserves discussion. It is new to see a Fan-qui, or foreign devil, raised to the rank of a St. Josaphat. RICHARD F. BURTON.

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[The translation has been kindly supplied by Prof. R. K. Douglas, of the British Museum, who adds, "Tsun ché is an appellation of Buddhas and Arhats, answering to Arya, or venerable."-ED. ACADEMY.]

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