in a manner similar to that of the engines. The tender is divided by a horizontal partition,—the upper and open portions being intended for fuel, and the enclosed part for water, which is supplied to the tender by a vertical pipe, as shewn in the drawing. By this arrangement of tender it will be seen that larger wheels than usual may be employed with safety; the weight of the load which the tender carries, being brought much nearer the rails, whereby the oscillation is in great part prevented.

The fourth part of the invention, viz., improvements in mounting the wheels of railway carriages, is shewn at figs. 9, 10, and 11, where three modifications of an improved mode of mounting such wheels are represented. The invention refers to that kind of railway axle which is composed of two parts,-one being solid and the other tubular. The solid axle carries one of a pair of wheels, and the tubular axle, which is slidden over the solid axle, or otherwise placed over it, receives the other wheel. The advantage of mounting wheels. in this manner is, that they will be allowed to turn independently of each other. In applying the improvement to axles, as now constructed, one boss is turned down, and a collar, merely, is left, as shewn at a, fig. 9; the axle is then coated with "Paris white," or other suitable substance, and afterwards heated in a furnace to a dull red heat. When in this

state a tube or hollow axle b, is cast around it,—the ends of the hollow tube being enclosed between the boss and the collar of the inner axle. On the contraction of the metals, the inner and outer axles will, by reason of the intermediate filling substance, be enabled to revolve independently of each other, but will be in no danger of separating, as the collar a, keeps them securely together. When, therefore, the wheels are respectively secured in their places by the ordinary means, they will be free to revolve independently, and be as little liable to derangement as if mounted on one solid axle. A modification of this part of the invention, for securing wheels on a compound axle, so as to run independently of each other, is shewn at fig. 10. The solid axle a, is provided with a solid collar a, and the hollow axle B, formed of either cast or wrought-iron, is slidden over the axle A; the wheel c, is

then affixed, in the usual way, to the axle A,—its boss coming flush against the end of the tube B. It will thus be seen, that as long as the wheel c, is retained in its place, the hollow axle or tube B, will be secured between the boss of that wheel and the collar a; and a wheel D, being mounted on the outer end of в, the two wheels will be free to revolve independently, as in the former instance. The inner diameter of the axle B, is enlarged, at certain parts, to prevent unnecessary contact of the surfaces; and greater strength is given to the axle by the hollow and solid parts dividing the strain upon them. In the two arrangements of axles, above described, outside bearings are used; but when bearings within the wheels are required, the modification, shewn at fig. 11, is adopted, in lieu of that just described. b, b, are solid collars, either cast with the hollow axle в, or, when that axle is composed of wrought-iron, welded thereto. The collar a, of the axle a, in this instance, is formed at the end of the axle, and the boss of the wheel at the other end secures the hollow axle in its place. The mode of lubricating these axles will be evident to any practical mechanic, and therefore no description thereof will be requisite.

The patentee claims, First,-the three several arrangements of parts for communicating the motive power of locomotive. engines to the axle or axles of the driving-wheels, as above described and shewn in the drawings. Secondly, the peculiar construction and arrangement of parts, shewn at figs. 6, and 7, applicable to, or forming a part with, the carriages. used on railways; such construction and arrangement of parts being intended to secure the safety of such carriages, individually, when their axles are broken; and also to retard the progress of a train of carriages along a line of rails when required: he also claims the application of the fixed skid to locomotive engines. Thirdly, the arrangement of tender, as above described. Fourthly, the mode of applying a hollow axle to a railway carriage axle, as described with reference to fig. 9; and also the mode of retaining a hollow axle in its place, upon an inner or enclosed axle, by a solid boss or collar (formed on such inner axle), and the boss of the wheel which is mounted on the inner axle embracing the

ends of the hollow axle, as shewn in the drawings.-[Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, December, 1847.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Son.

TO WILLIAM PHILLIPS PARKER, of No. 48, Lime-street, in the city of London, Gent., for improvements in bell-machinery,-being a communication.-[Sealed 28th January, 1847.]

THIS invention consists in an improved arrangement of bell-machinery for hotels, dwelling-houses, cabins of ships, steamers, and other the like places, whereby (a single bell only being used to strike the alarum) the number will be indicated of the room from whence the alarm is given, and thus the numerous bells and cumbrous and uncertain machinery now in use for such purposes may be dispensed with.

In Plate III., fig. 1, is a longitudinal elevation, shewing the principle of the machine in a single movement; fig. 2, is a general plan of the same; fig. 3, is a perspective view of the drop; fig. 4, is a view of the face or register, shewing the manner of arranging the drops, so as to cover the various numbers; fig. 5, is a perspective view of the whole machinery, shewing the manner of connecting a large number of rooms. with it.

The manner of constructing and operating this machine is as follows:-A suitable bed or foundation-board or plate, which may be of wood or metal, is provided, of a size proportionate to the number of wires to be attached, and in it are cut long rectangular grooves a, in a horizontal direction. These grooves are for the purpose of receiving the bars b, which are thin strips of metal, filling the grooves in such a manner as to permit them to slide backwards and forwards; and they are secured in their places by the studs c, c, These slidingbars have likewise several projecting pins e, e, e, screwed in them, the use of which is to act upon the tumbler d. The bars b, are worked by an arrangement of small compound levers or cranks, having a handle g1, attached to them, which projects from the face or register side of the foundation board. As many connecting rods are fixed to the crank-pin

as there are slides (as seen at h, h, h,); these hang upon the levers i, i, i, which completes the attachment: a barrel-spring k, is finally fixed, to cause a reaction of the crank after being used.

The drop or tumbler d, is the contrivance for shewing the number of the room from which the alarm is given; the part 7, is a piece of thin sheet metal, cut in a circular form at one side, and is attached by a pin or axis to the tumbler d: a screw being cut on the pin to receive the part d, holes are bored in the foundation-plate, at proper distances along the line of the slide-bar b, to receive the pin and drop, when the tumbler d, is screwed upon it. m, is a swinging-rack, suspended vertically upon the bed-plate; along its front as many holes are perforated as there are numbers upon the register; and to this rack all the wires from the various rooms are brought and attached. The hammer of the bell or alarum is connected with this rack by the lever n, which has a notch at one end, resting against the forked toe of the hammerhandle o. The hammer o, is screwed to an angle-iron strap, bent as in the figure, in order to bring it on a line with the rack and bell. The letter p, represents a series of arms or levers, screwed on a pivot to the foundation-plate, and projecting at right angles from it,—their length is equal to the arms of the rack m. On one end two holes are made, to receive the wires g, g, and the other end has a projecting piece or toe, on which rests one of the arms of the tumbler d. The wires g, g, are then connected to the swinging-crank m, at one end, and at the other to the ordinary bell-cranks r, and led off to the various rooms of the house.

The numbers seen in fig. 4, are painted or otherwise affixed to the face or reverse side of the foundation plate, fig. 5, immediately against the tumblers d, so that when the drops 7, are up, these numbers shall be covered. The various parts of the apparatus having been put up, as described, can now be enclosed in a neat case, having a door at the back, to get at the works; the reverse side shewing the register of numbers and drops. The box can then be set up in some convenient place, near the clerk's desk, or in a kitchen, or elsewhere. The modus operandi would be as follows:-Suppose it is

desired to ring from No. 2, pull the wires; this draws the arm p,- at the same time the point of the toe leaves the tumbler d, and the drop l, is permitted to fall by its own weight, and expose the number as seen at 2, fig. 4; the wire 9,g, connected with the rack m, gives motion to the hammer and strikes the alarum at the same time. The barrel-springs, seen in the drawing, are for the purpose of causing the return movement or reaction of the various parts to which they are attached. In order to restore the drops to their former position, the handle g1, is pressed down; this moves the crank f, towards the stop t; the connections through i, cause the slides b, to advance, and bring the pins e, e, e, against the teeth of the tumbler d, and throw the drop up again, where it rests upon the toe of the arm p.

The patentee claims the combination of the drops 7, with the tumblers d, drop-lever or arms p, and slides b, in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.-[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, April, 1847.]

TO WILLIAM S. HENSON, of No. 27, New City Chambers, in the city of London, for certain improvements in the construction of razors for shaving.—[Sealed 17th July, 1847.]

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THIS invention consists in attaching a "comb-tooth guard or protector to razors, in close proximity to the cuttingedge, in such a manner as to prevent the possibility of a person cutting himself when shaving; which guard or protector can be attached or detached at pleasure.

In Plate III., fig. 1, is a side view of an ordinary razor, with the comb-tooth guard or protector attached; fig. 2, is a side view of the razor, without the guard or protector; fig. 3, is a front view of the guard or protector; and fig. 4, is a plan view of the same, shewing the form of the slot or opening a, in the back of the guard, to receive the pin b, on the back edge of the razor, by means of which the guard is affixed to the razor blade.

Fig. 5, represents a side view of a razor of another form, the cutting-blade of which is at right angles to the handle,