Pease will be scarce and dear, nor will beans be generally found a plentiful crop. Oats will be kept up in price by the demand for exportation. Clover and turnip seed a good crop. Turnips good, and grass in great plenty. Wheat sowing backward, in proportion with the harvest; but the lands of late have worked well. Fruit generally deficient. Stocks of cattle and sheep in the coun ry abundant, and proportioned to the great quantities of keep. Markets well supplied at decreasing prices, according to the season. Fat pigs and milch cows scarce and dear. Middling horses lower in price. Smithfield: Beef 5s. to 6s -Mutton ditt-Veal 5s. to 7s. 6d.-Lamb 6s. to 6s. 6d.— Pork 5s. to 8s. 6d. -Bacon 8s.-Irish ditto 7s. 4d to 7s 8d-Skins 20s. to 35s.-Fat 5s. 8d.-Oil Cake 161. 16s. per thousand.-Potatoes 51. to 61. per ton. Corn Exchange: Wheat 98s. to 145s.-Barley 54s. to 63s.-Oats 48s. to 56s. 59s. The quartern loaf is. 63d.-Hay Sl. 10s. to 61. per load.-Clover 71. to 81.-Straw 1h 16s. to 21. 14s. Middlesex, October 27, 1812. METEOROLOGICAL REPORT. Observations on the State of the Weather, from the 24th of September, 1812, to the 24th of October, 1812, inclusive; Four Miles N. N. W. St. Paul's. The quantity of rain that has fallen since the last Report of it is equal to 64 inches in depth. The average height of the thermometer for the month is equal to 52.616, and of the barometer 29-244. There has been much rain, as might be expected, from the depressed state of the mercury in the barometer. Frequently in this country the month of October is dry, elear, and remarkably pleasant, but it has been the reverse of this during the present month: we cannot reckon more than five or six very brilliant days, but rain has fallen, and sometimes in large quantities, on at least fifteen or sixteen days, and of the others several have been foggy and gloomy, more like the dark days of November or December than those of October. The wind has blown chiefly from the west. Highgate. TO CORRESPONDENTS, &c. We thank PATRIOT for his suggestions. He will perceive that Mr. BARROW has anticipated one of them. A paragraph in the Varieties will answer the inquiry of AMICUS relative to the proportionate sale of periodical works. In our next we hope to be able to state the sale of the London Newspapers. We invite Lists of the Book Societies established in every County, with their Com merciul Revenues, and the names of their Chairmen and Secretary. The Journal in Italy,-O. J. N.—and many other accepted Articles, are unavoidably deferred. INQUISITOR is informed that back Numbers may still be had to complete selts. The Letter relative to an error of W. N. in his decount of the Foundling Hospital, shall appear in our next. In the interim, we express our private opinion that no pub lic charity is or can be conducted with more purity and rectitude. Our Irish Friends are respectfully informed that we have appointed Mr. M⭑KEENE, of Dublin, our Agent, for the Sule and Circulation of this Magazine in`Ireland. ERRATA in Mr. DE Luc's paper in our last.-Page 415, col. i. l. 14, "in consequence of the strata" read "in consequence of the catastrophes of the strata ;" col. ii. 1. 3, " sides" read " rides ;" 1. 8, "they" read "these;" 1. 29, "sides" read "tides." In the Essay with the signature of Symplex, in col. ii. p. 18, line 25th from top, read "whole" in place of "while".-In line 33, read " concussion" instead of "contact." MONTHLY MAGAZINE. No. 234.] DECEMBER 1, 1812. [5 of VOL. 34. As ong as those who write are ambitious of making Converts, and of giving their Opinions a Maximum of Influence and Celebrity, the most extensively circulated Miscellany will repay with the greatest affect the Curiosity of those who read, whether it be for Amusement or for Instruction.—JOHNSON. ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine, together with the secrecy observed as to the misfortune of the mother, will be attended with the consequence of her being replaced in a course of virtue, and in the way of ubtaining an honest livelihood. Where these timony of credible persons, the unfortunate mother is requested to apply herself, with her own petition: and be assured that both recommendation and patronage will be unnecessary and useless. The General Com Sec HE Committee for managing and transacting the affairs of this Hospital, having observed, in the last Monthly circumstances can be ascertained on the tesMagazine, a letter signed with the ini tials W. N., Bedford Row, May 6, 1812, in which it is stated, with reference to the children of this institution, "Upon tolerably good grounds, I conjecture, that they are generally the unlawful off-mittee sits, for examination of petitions for spring of ladies where secrecy is much admission of children, every Wednesday wanted, or of gentlemen who have suf- morning, precisely at ten o'clock." ficient interest;" they have directed me to hand to you (and which I inclose) a copy of the determination and regulation of the governors, respecting the admission of children, which is annually printed, and has been for fifteen years circulated to the public, with the Cash AcCount of receipts and payments of the hospital, and which regulation you may be assured is most conscientiously adhered to in every respect by the General Committee. By this document you will perceive the charges (which if uncontradicted might greatly prejudice this truly charitable institution) are refuted; but, as your correspondent has attempted to establish his vague assertions by reference to cases, without furnishing names or dates, the Committee trust that gentleman will either acknowledge the error into which he has been led, or furnish full particulars to enable the committee to investigate the cases alluded to. "The Governors of the charity have determined to extend its relief to as many helpless and deserving objects, as its present funds, or any future increase, may enable them; and they trust that, with economy on their part, and with the benevolent assistance of the public, they will soon be enabled greatly to extend the benefits of this charity. The age of reception is within twelve months from the birth. In order to the reception of the child, the previous good character and the present necessity of the mother, and the desertion of the father, must be inquired into ; and also whether the reception of the child, MONTHLY Mag. No. 234. MORRIS LIEVESLEY, To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, "And O the conclusion of the prophecy of T Second Temple, the Septuagint version Haggai, respecting the glory of the has added the following words: in this place I will give peace, saith the Lord of Hosts: [Also peace of mind for a restore this temple.]" By the aid of this possession, to every builder, in order to gloss, Dr. Heberden has endeavoured to limit the whole prophecy to the temple then building, and to its actual duration till the time of Herod. The doctor has "And in thus translated the passage: this place I will give peace-[of mind for a possession, to every one who forwards temple]." Dr. Hales, in his New Analythe building, for the sake of restoring this sis of Chronology, vol. ii. book i. p. 516, has the following observations on Dr. Heberden's interpretation: "Here the doc. tor has mutilated the passage, by dropping the important words, which distin guish the future peace of the prophecy from the present peace of the gloss; thereby suppressing the former entirely. His whole interpretation, therefore, built on this suppression of evidence, falls to the ground, as a false and dishonest fabrication." These, Mr. Editor, are rather hard words from Dr. Hales, and such as the case before him did not sufficiently jus 2 D tify. tify. The passage in the Septuagint To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. I SIR, HAVE perused the article addressed to you by Mr. Hawes, in the year 1811, on the valuation of Life Annuities; and the answers thereto by Messrs. Hooke, Saint, and Philomathematicus; and also Mr. Hawes's subsequent com munication in the present year. I cannot help expressing my surprise that no one of Mr. Hawes's three opponents should have pointed out the reason why Mr. Hawes's calculation, in his last letter, of the value of an annuity on the Jongest of twenty-eight lives, all aged 90, from the Northampton Table of Mor tality, should have produced so incongruous a result. To have obtained the correct value of the annuity in question, from the general rule, it would have been necessary to compute the values of the required joint lives, to ten, or at least nine, places of decimals; because the values of the joint lives are multiplied by quantities containing eight places of figures, in nine instances; and by quantities containing seven places of figures, in six instances. By limiting the values of the joint lives to six places of decimals, the product of those values, and the number of combinations, will be affected, in eight instances, in the tens; and, in six more instances, in the units. llence it followed, that the absurdity has arisen, not from the principle of the rule being erroneous, but from want of skill and discernment in the application. I have calculated the value of the annuity by a more concise method, and find it to be 4.748 years' purchase. It is needless for me to make any fur. ther remarks on the subject of discussion; the point in question is too clear to admit of controversy. Mr. Hawes will not have the credit of establishing a new era in the science of life annuities; no of triumphing at the expense of Halley, Simpson, Dr. Price, and De Moivre. I trouble you, Mr. Editor, with this communication, that Mr. Hawes may not assume to himself the credit of baying convinced all the readers of your Miscellany, by the force of his wit, by the depth of his argument, or by the conclusiveness of his "demonstration.” JOHN LEATH. Albion Fire and Life Office, To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, Won, of the influence of Christi E boast of the power of civiliza anity, and of the ascendency of reason and justice, attained or attainable by the securities and provisions of our free constitution. Under such circumstances the speculative philosopher would recognize a golden age, an epoch of univer. sal happiness, a period for the imitation of after ages! But, alas! no equal time has ever witnessed such horrors, such wholesale butcheries, such wanton devastations, such complicated miseries inflicted by man on man, as the last ten years! Nor are the various actors in these tragedies, nations deluded by a limited expe rience, or by mistaken codes of morals; no, they are People possessed of number less records of the experience of all ages, of the knowledge of that universal cha rity taught by the Christian religion, profound in the arts of reason and philoso phy, super-eminently claiming all the characters of civilization, abounding in knowledge, and exhibiting in productions of every kind the highest attainments of hu man intellect!-What a lesson!-What a fact in the history of man!-How degra ding, how humiliating, to his boasted dig. nity!-Is it then proved to be the end of civilization, the perfection of reason, and the effect of morals and philosophy, that nations should worry each other; tear each other in pieces; lengthen, cultivate, and perpetuate animosity; and studi ously involve all other nations in their quarrel? The English and French governments have now waged War upon each other for TEN YEARS, abating only a few months! It is the longest War recorded in our annals! It has been the most bloody and the most extensively mischievous of any upon record! It has cost ENGLAND, speaking speaking in round numbers, above five HUNDRED MILLIONS Sterling, being half the value of all the land in the kingdom! It has reduced our Exports nominally to one half, and in quantity to a fourth! It has swept away all our circulating Specie, once the sign of our commercial greatness and our just boast among the nations! It has beggared and starved our Manufacturers! It has made our merchants Bankrupts! It has destroyed Credit and Confidence, and has blighted the Industry, and paralyzed the Energies, of a whole Generation! It has moreover cost a hundred thousand Lives of our countrymen slain in battle; it has destroyed another hundred thousand by disease and wrecks; it has wounded and crippled a hundred thousand more; it has kept other fifty thousand pining in hopeless captivity; and it has broken the hearts, or deprived of all future earthly enjoyment, as many more as all those numbers put together! Such have been its terrible effects on ourselves!-What have they been on France, and on other nations directly or collaterally, connected, or forced into connection, with the belligerents? The portrait is almost too frightful to be drawn; and my hand trembles, and my heart shudders, as I approach it! FRANCE, by the renewed maritime war, lost the advantages of that repose which was so necessary after the storms of the revolution. Its effects were the capture of her ships on voyage; the loss of her fine army in St. Domingo and of all her West India colonies; and the enforcement of her conscription laws, which, unlike the English militia laws, leave no alternative to their victims, but drag into military service all who are drawn; thereby disturbing the happiness of every family. In the conflicts occasioned by the third coalition, followed by the peace of Austerlitz, a hundred thousand of her soldiers were killed and wounded. Twice as many fell in the bloody campaigns against Prussia and Russia, which at the peace of Tilsit terminated the fourth coalition. The invasion of Portugal through Spain, and the consequent interference in Spanish affairs, have cost her at least two hundred thousand more. The fifth coalition, terminated by the peace of Vieuna, cost her another hundred thousand. And finally, the third warlike essay of the Emperor of Russia, or sixth coalition, has already cost France another fifty thousand of her native troops. To these enormous sacrifices of human life must be added fifty thousand lost in naval en gagements and other contests with the English; besides at least fifty thousand kept for many years past in our prison ships! To these may be joined the broken hearts of a hundred thousand mothers and wives; making the total of French victims at least eight hundred and fifty thousand! Nor can France have escaped the more silent, but equally cruel, effects of War-in beavy taxation in ruined commerce-in decayed manufactures--and other iniseries known and felt by the industrious classes under similar public circumstances in all countries. Let us now contemplate its terrible effects on the other nations of Europe, who have been drawn into its vortex by the intrigues, policy, or extended inte rests of the belligerents! The first country which felt its effects, and which were doubtless inflicted from mutual personal feelings, was HANOVER. And never were an unhappy people made to groan more deeply under the iron hand of foreign invaders than the wretched Hanoverians, under the domination of General Bernadotte, now our ally, and Crown Prince of Sweden! These fine provinces were, as to all social enjoyment, totally ruined; their people, reduced to absolute beggary, were first turned over, like cattle, to the King of Prussia; but have since been incorporated in the dominions of the junior Bonaparte! THE AUSTRIAN EMPIRE, involved in two coalitions, has suffered two invasions, and all their attendant devastations. Its head was deprived of its ancient German dignities; and its best provinces were dissevered and given to rival neighbours. The two wars cost the lives or limbs of at least two hundred thousand men in battle; and as many more were destroyed by the unrecorded horrors of inva sion and conquest! THE EMPIRE of GERMANY, after subsisting a thousand years, was, in consequence of the overthrow of the House of Austria, broken in pieces. Its princes have been expatriated and driven into exile; their subjects have been assigned like sheep to other masters; and thousands of ancient families have been beg gared. Upon the heap of ruins has been raised the Confederation of the Rhine, serving only to emblazon the triumphs of Napoleon! THE HANSE-Towns, once the seat of successful industry and of unparalleled prosperity, have lost their independence, and remain monuments of the drendiul effects of this singular war; in which the 3D 2 only only means of annoyance possessed by one of the belligerents has been the shutting up of all the avenues of com merce. The operation of this anti-commercial system led to the invasion of HOLLAND, which was given as a Fief to Louis, the third of the Bonaparte race. Never did nation groan and suffer under a deprivation of commerce like the unhappy Dutch! Raised to greatness by industry, on a sudden they found their means unavailing! Grass now grows on their once thronged Exchanges! Their independence as a people is no longer recognized, and Holland, the first and most prosperous of free republics, is now a department of France! Her colonies are wrested from her by the other belligerent, and each preys without scruple on her weakness! Such has been the fate of a country, once the cradle of liberty--the native soil of Erasmus, Grotios and Boerhaave-the asylum of Locke and Burnet-and the successful abettor of our own glorious revolution! Lives the man who can refrain from shedding a tear over such fallen greatness-the innocent victim too of a war, in which she was truly no party! As one event growing out of another, soon after followed that chivalrous and woe-begotten war in which PRUSSIA, COalescing with RUSSIA, thought to have the glory of effecting that, in attempting which, recent ruin had been brought on its rival Austria! In an evil hour, the Prussian armies, headed by all the ancient renown of Europe, took the field, to encounter the modern tactics of France. Never-never-can the heart of the writer cease to bleed when he reflects on the battle of Jena! There flowed in torrents the best blood of Europe! There in a few hours were wrecked many powerful courts and people! Who can think upon the destruction of an army of a hundred thousand brave men, headed by the first generals of the age, without the deepest horror? Who can withhold a tear for the fate of the venerable Duke of Brunswick, and the other heroes who had fought so often by the side of the great Frederick?-Gracious God-what calamities fell on Prussia! A hundred thousand of her soldiers were slain in the field-another hundred thousand were maimed for life-and the heroic and beautiful Queen broke her heart, with a hundred thousand other wives and mothers, for the loss of homes, husbands, and children! Nor did the horrors of that campaign end with the destruction of Prussia. The barbarians of the North arrived, as usual, too late to serve their allies-but then followed the slaughter of tens of thousands at Eylau, a battle fought in the depth of winter, when the frost covered miles of country with frozen victims in the writhing attitudes of death, who at the time were likened to an exhibition of buman wax-work! The subsequent battle of Friedland would have destroyed RUSSIA, but for the peace of TILSIT, which restored his empire to Alexander, on the conditions that he should endeavour to effect peace between France and England; and, if unsuccessful, should shut his ports against English commerce. The continuance of an extensive trade with England, served however, in five years, to occasion the renewal of hostilities; when the bloody bat tie of Moskwa again put Russia in the hands of Napoleon.-This was followed by his entry into Moscow, which the Russians had previously set on fire; and in the contest, as far as it has already proceeded, the French and their allies have lost a hundred thousand men; and the Russians, by sword, fire, and famine, perhaps twice the number! The subjugation of the great powers gave countenance to Napoleon's project of excluding English commerce wholly from the Continent. Hence, the invasion of PORTUGAL, and the occupation of Lisbon. Hence, the marching of French armies into SPAIN ; the intrigues and dis. putes at the court of Madrid; the interference of Napoleon in Spanish affairs, and his seizure, as impolitic as unprin cipled, of the Spanish Royal Family! Three Spanish treasure ships coming from South America had previously been assaulted, in the midst of profound peace, by a British squadron, two were taken, and the other blown up, and every soul on-board destroyed? War was the con sequence between Spain and England; the consequence of this war was, a di vision in the Royal Family of Spain; and the consequence of that division was the appeal to Napoleon, and those subsequent events, which have desolated, disorga nized, and covered with blood the finest and most improving country in Europe, England, the public enemy of France, gladly seized on the alliance of the out raged Spanish people; and out of all these combinations, have arisen a war of ex termination and devastation, without parallel in history!-It is not rating the |