SUMMARY OF ENGLAND IN 1811. 4,155 Bedford 33,171 37,342 70,213 Berks Buckingham 8,424 Cambridge Chester Cornwall Cumberland 37,971 Derby Devon Dorset 50,756 50,353 101,109| 110,841 116,190 227,031 103,310 113,357 216,667 13,286 14,927 139 9,431 22,104 25,051 129 13,409) 21,929 25,201 119 13,933 17,231 21,022 93 12,831 5,303 41,187 44,502 250 16,396 23,043 44,189 440 17,465 10,954 28,390 130 10,868 35,658 37.44C 222 14,283 62,318 79,415 766 33,044 23,210 26,821 171 12,982 29,033 39,288 152 10,288 17,094 83,671 93,954 177.625 42,829 51,643 255 28,517 14,182 124,839 127,634 252,473 52,042 62,092 782 29,782 29,988 133,192 152.322 285,514 20,081 154 12,599 5.044 46,404 47,669 94,073 32,744 131 11,998 7,192 55,023 56,631 111,654 8,808 23 5,361 2,205 20,402 21,806 42,208 62,063 76,265 628 27,077 27,996 183,500 189,595 373,095 144,283 161,899 807 23,305 114.522 394,104 434,205 828,309 30,019 31,480 212 11,700 17,027 73,366 77.053 150,419 46,368 50,904 276 29,881 13,184 117,022 120,869 130,613 222,010 2811 9,088 135,398 434,633 518,643 11.766 12,543 158 5,815 4,812 30,987 31,140 62,427 51,776 62,815 275 31,454 23,082 23,318 30,860 138 15,235 12,100 28,258 37-743 168 10,945 16,547 38,344 33,514 164 12,293 18,928 22,702 25,c06 116 13,64 7,655 3,325 3,558 15 2,025 1,028 7,931 8,449 16,380 35,506 39,459 219 16,693 16,744 95,842 98,456 194,298 52,462 62,943 653 24,472 23,732 141,449 161,731 303,180 43,210 50,916 441 21,401 18,024 118,855 126,225 245,080 55,080 62,537 423 18,561 34,011 148,073 147,080 295,153 37,227 47,634 15 26,406 15,18c 111,988 122,223| 234,211 55.434 72,559 1360 12,417 35,16 151,811 172,040 323,851 29,561 36,014 288 19,778 10,754 95,895 190,083| 44,940 49.066 308 15,111 29,775 109,539 119,196 228,735 8,736 9,406 45 4,613 2,870 37,244 41,844 234 22,657 14,857 30,206 34,124 256 13,818 16.865 York, E. Riding 30,341 36,221 132 14,517 12,926 N. Riding 32,776 35,856 123 16,570 10,864 W. Riding 125,264 133,601 827 30,868 86,522 321,837 331,478 653.3'S Northumberland 59,132 94,188 22,838 23,084 45,922 Totals 1,678,106 2,012,391 15188 697,353/923,588 4,575,763|4,963,064/9,538,827 1 119,398 129,756 1019 72,846 36,044 291,633 320,155 611,788 IN the 27th Hen. VIII. c. 26. (A.D. 1535) an Act was passed" for laws and justice to be ministered in Wales in like form as it is in this Realm." By this Act, the marhes or intermediate border-lands between England and Wales were divided into new counties, or annexed to old counties. The new counties were, Monmouth, which became an English county; Brecon, Denbigh, Montgomery, and Radnor, in Wales: the English counties augmented by annexations were Gloucester, Hereford, and Salop; the Welsh counties so augmented were Cardigan, Carmarthen, Glamorgan, Merioneth, and Pembroke. By the same Act, the Chancellor of England is directed to issue a Commission under the Great Seal, to such persons as to him shall be thought convenient, to inquire and view all the said shires of Carmarthen, Pembroke, Cardigan, Monmouth, Brecon, Radnor, Montgomery, Glamorgan, and Denbigh; and thereupon to divide them, and every of them, into so many Hundreds as they shall think most meet and convenient, and the said Hundreds shall certify into the High Court of Chancery; which Hundreds (after the said Certificate) shall be used and taken as other Hundreds be in every other Shire within the Realm of England. By a subsequent Act of 28th Hen. VIII. c. 8. three years are allowed for correction of the allotment of places to the several Shires; and by an Act of 31st Hen. VIII. c. 11. three years further are allowed. Under the above Commission, and another Commission for inquiry into the Welsh Laws and Customs, certain Ordinances were framed, which were afterwards confirmed; as appears at the end of the Acts of 34th and 35th Hen. VIII. where they are entered as an Act of Parliament. SUMMARY *The difference between the sum of these columns, and of the total number of families, gives the number of families who live without useful labor. GENERAL Totals 2,101,597 2,544,215 18,548 895,9981,129,049|6,334,087|6,262,716|12,596,803 SUMMARY OF BAPTISMS AND BURIALS IN ENGLAND AND WALES. YEARS. BAPTISMS. BURIALS. Males. Females. Total. Males. Females. Total. MARRIAGES. 1801 120,521 116,508 237,029 101,352 103,c82 204,434 67,228 90,396 94,379 91,568 89,639 | 181,177 85,738 91,086 90,154 181,240 79,586 92,289 91,163 183,452 80,754 1807 83,923 82,248 97,894 93,577 191,471 83,369 152,591 142,262 298,853 104,907 103,277 208,184 84,470 832,091 1809 152,812 147,177 299,989 The SUMMARY of ENGLAND and WALES is collected from the Registers of eleven thousand one hundred and fifty-nine Churches and Chapels; and it is believed that no more than three or four returns remain due.-Many of the returns mention unentered baptisms, burials, and marriages, to the following amount, viz. Annual average number of unentered Baptisms 14,860-Burials 10,356Marriages 195. For For the Monthly Magazine. OUTLINES of the MINERAL STRATA of GREAT BRITAIN; by JOHN MIDDLETON, of LAMBETH. General Observations. VERY sort of stratum contains such E concretions, in nodules or layers, depth, the fissures of this stratum become as are peculiar to itself. For instance: Chalk contains black and glossy flint. Portland stone, and all other limestone strata, contain flint varying in color from ash-grey to a dull black. Clay and all the argillacious strata contain sceptaria. And even sund has its iron stone, principally in layers. Most, or all, of the stone strata are laminated; the upper beds of which are much thinner and more easily to be perceived than those at a greater depth in the same stratum; the lower beds generally have the appearance of more solidity as well as greater thickness, but nevertheless they are in layers. Even lava, trap, toadstone, and similar volcanic productions, are said to have flinty nodules in abundance, and sometimes of great beauty. The British strata are arranged nearly in the following order: 1. Vegetable mould, a foot or two in thickness. 2. Brick earth, a few feet in thickness, as in the brick-fields near London, and many other places, but by no means generally. 3. Beds of shells, sand, and gravel, from five to thirty feet in thickness. These are exposed to view in the cliffs on the coast of Essex and Suffolk. The shells and sand have been mostly washed off in Middlesex and Surrey; but the gravel, a few feet in thickness, remains, and it is used for making and repairing the roads. In some places it is a free sandy gravel, and in other places it is mixed with a chesnut-colored clay. The greater part of the materials which compose this stratum have been formed in the places where we now find them; but such of them as consist of rounded pebbles have been fragments of older strata, broken and rolled to their present situa tion by the ocean. This stratum is known to extend over Middlesex and Essex; as well as the north side of Surrey, some parts of Kent, Hertfordshire, Buckinghamshire, and Suffolk; it is also met with at Hartley-row, on the road to Basing stoke, at West-Cowes, on the north side of the Isle of Wight, and many other places; but with interruptions and displacements, by being occasionally washed away. 4. London clay. Immediately under the foregoing formation, is a clay stratum of from one or two hundred to nearly three hundred feet in thickness. Its color at the top, and to the depth of five or ten, and occasionally to fifteen or twenty feet, is a chesnut. At that stained with sky blue; and, at thirty or forty feet from the top, the whole substance of this clay is of a lead color. The depth of color increases with the depth of the stratum to a much darker blue, or even to verge on a dull black. The chesnut-colored part of this clay is used by the brick-makers, and that of a lead color by tile-makers. But the lat ter is equally capable of being manufac tured into bricks of a red color. Though this or any other clay, on being mixed with chalk, and the mixture washed, will produce bricks, tiles, and other earthenware, of a pale sulphur or cream color. This blue clay contains septaria, (balls of indurated clay, iron, and spar,) in nodules and layers; as well as occasionally many crystals, resembling icicles, three or four inches in length. These septaria balls, on being reduced by the hammer, then burned in a lime kiln, and ground, produce Parker's Roman cement, in a state of powder, which only requires the addition of about fifty per cent. of sili ceous sand, previously washed till it is free from animal, vegetable, and earthy, matter, and then to be properly watered, worked, and used in a state of mortar, to make an excellent cement for walls of every kind. Or any sound wall, by being plastered over with it, receives a coat which becomes an actual stone of the harder kind, much more so than Portland stone. This stratum of clay also contains, not far below the surface of it, the tusks of elephants, the bones of animals, and petrified wood; and it prevails near the surface of the ground through Middlesex and Essex, the northern parts of Surrey, on the hills above Hurley, in Berkshire, at Hartley-row, and the north side of the Isle of Wight, in Hampshire, as well as in Buckinghamshire and Kent, through Suffolk, Norfolk, and farther northward along the east coast. Very little water is met with in this clay, and that is in every case of a bad quality. When good spring-water is not to be met with above this soil, it is not to be obtained without digging through it, as well as through a stratum of marine shells, which lie under it, into the sandy subsoil. Every interstice of that sand is full of excellent water, and it usually rises in |