That Christ BARNABAS. was to suffer, 13 Then he clearly mani God said before the beginning of the world, 1Let us make fested himself to be the Son of man after our own image and God. For had he not come likeness. in the flesh, how should men 8 Now how he suffered for have been able to look upon us, seeing that it was by men him, that they might be savthat he underwent it, 21 will shew you. ed? 14 Seeing if they behold 9 The prophets having re- only the sun, which was the ceived from him the gift of work of his hands, and shall prophecy, spake before con- hereafter cease to be, they are cerning him : not able to endure stedfastly 10 But he, that he might to look against the rays of it. abolish death,and make known the resurrection from the dead, was content, as it was necessary, to appear in the flesh, that he might make good the promise before given to our fathers, and preparing himself 'a new people, might demonstrate to them whilst he was upon earth, that after the resurrection he would judge the world. God came in the flesh for this 15 Wherefore the Son of cause, that he might fill up the have persecuted his prophets measure of their iniquity, who unto death. And for the same reason also he suffered. 16 For God hath said, of the 1 stripes of his flesh, that they were from them.— And, 21 will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the 11 And finally teaching the people of Israel, and doing flock shall be scattered. many, wonders and signs a- 17 Thus he would suffer, mong them, he preached to because it behoved him to sufthem, and shewed the exceed-fer upon the cross. ing great love which he bare towards them. 12 And when he chose his apostles, which were after wards to publish his Gospel, he took men who had been very great sinners; that there 18 For thus one saith, prophesying concerning him; 3 Spare my soul from the sword. And again, Pierce my flesh from thy fear. 19 And again, the congre by he might plainly shew,gation of wicked doers rose up 3That he came not to call the righteous but sinners to repentance. 1Gen i. 26. 2Learn. 3Matt, ix. 13 1Namely from the Jews. 2Zach. 3 6, 7. 3 According to the LXI. Psalm xxii. 20. Psalm cxix. 129, Psalm xxii. 16, 17. CHAP. V. BARNABAS. proved from prophecies against me, 1(They have pier-jgainst sufferings, he saith, 11 ced my hands and my feet.) have put me as a firm rock. 20 And again he saith, I 4 And again the prophet gave my back to the smiters, adds; 2The stone which the 2and my cheeks to be buffeted, builders refused is become the and my face I set as an hard head of the corner. And arock. gain he saith; 3This is the great and wonderful day which the Lord hath made. 4I write The subject continued. these things the more plainly ND when he had fulfilled to you that the commandment of 5For indeed I could be conye may understand: God, What says he? 3Who tent even to die for your sakes. will contend with me? Let 5 But what saith the prohim stand against me: or who phet again; 6The counsel of is he that will implead me? the wicked encompassed me Let him draw near to the ser- about. 7They came about you! 4Because ye shall all comb: and, 8Upon my vesme, as bees about the honeywax old as a garment, the moth ture they cast lots. A vant of the Lord. Wo be to shall eat you up. 6 Forasmuch then as our Saviour was to appear in the flesh, and suffer; his passion was hereby foretold. 2 And again the prophet adds, 5He is put for a stone of stumbling. 6Behold I lay in Zion for a foundation, a pre- 7 For thus saith the prophcious stone, a choice corner- et against Israel: 9Wo be to stone; an honourable stone. And what follows? And he that hopeth in him shall live for ever. 3 What then? Is our hope built upon a stone? God forbid. But because the Lord hath 7hardened his flesh a their soul, because they have taken wicked counsel against themselves, saying; Let us because he is unprofitable to 10lay snares for the righteous, us. 8 Moses also in like manner speaketh to them: 11 Behold thus saith the Lord God; Enter ye into the good land 1These words were doubtless cited thus by Barnabas, because that without them, those foregoing do not prove the Crucifixion of Christ. But through 1Isaiah, 1. 7. 2Psalm cxviii. 22. the repetition of the same preposition, 3Verse 24. Clem Alex. Strom V. this latter part was so early omitted 4This is not in the Old Latin Version. that it was not in the Latin interpre5Vid. Edit Oxon. p. 29. a. peripsema ter's Copy. 21saiah, 1 6. 31saiah, 1.tes agapes umon. 6Psalm xxii. 16. 8,9. 4Septuag. Inter. 51saiah. viii,7Psalm cxviii 12. 14, 6lsaiah, xxviii. 16. 7Gr. Put in 91sajah, iii. 9. strength or strengthened. xxxiii. 1. 8Psalm xxii. 18. 10Bind. 11Exod. concerning BARNABAS. hima of which the Lord hath sworn man after our likeness and sito Abraham, and Isaac, and militude; and let them have Jacob, that he would give it dominion over the beasts of you, and possess it; a land the earth, and over the fowls flowing with milk and honey. of the air, and over the fish of 9 Now what the spiritual the sea. meaning of this is, learn; t 13 And when the Lord is as if it had been said; Put saw the man which he had your trust in Jesus, who shall formed, that behold he was be manifested to you in the very good; he said, 1Increase flesh. For man is the earth and multiply, and replenish which suffers forasmuch as the earth. And this he spake out of the 2substance of the to his son. earth Adam was formed. : 14 I will now shew you, 10 What therefore does he how he made us 2a new creamean when he says, Into a ture, in the latter days: good land flowing with milk 15 The Lord saith; 3 Beand honey? Blessed be our hold I will make the last as Lord, who has given us wis-the first. Wherefore the prodom, and a heart to understand phet thus spake; 4Enter into his secrets. For so says the the land flowing with milk and prophet, 3 Who shall under- honey, and have dominion ostand the hard sayings of the ver it. Lord? 4But he that is wise, 16 Wherefore ye see how and intelligent, and that loves we are again formed anew; his Lord. as also he speaks by another 11 Seeing therefore he has prophet: 5 Behold, saith the renewed us by the remission Lord, I will take from them, of our sins, he has 5put us into that is, from those whom the another frame, that we should Spirit of the Lord foresaw, have souls 6like those of chil- their hearts of stone, and I dren forming us again himself will put into them hearts of 7by the spirit. flesh. 12 For thus the Scripture 17 Because he was about to saith concerning us, 8where it be made manifest in the flesh, introduceth the Father speak- and to dwell in us. ing to the Son; 9Let us make 18 For, my brethren, the IV. Coteler. Aunot. Marg ex habitation of our heart is a Clem. Alex. 2 Prosopou. 30see, xiv ult 4Prov. i 6. Eccl. i 10. 5Gr. made us another form. 6Vid. Edit. 1Gen, i 28. 2Gr. a second forma Oxon. p. 30. b. 7Vid Vet. Lat. In- tion. 2Isaiah, xliii. 18, 19. Mait. xx. 9Gen. 16. 4Comp. Heb. iii. 5Ezek. xi. 19. terp 8As he saith to the Son. i. 26. Comp. Coloss. iii. 10, xxxvi. 19. The scape-goat BARNABAS. typical of Christ. 1holy temple unto the Lord. Jheritors of the covenant of the For the Lord saith again; 21n Lord. what place shall I appear be CHAP. VI. fore the Lord my God, and be The scape-goat, an evident glorified? UND type of this. 19 He answers, I will conNDERSTAND then, my fess unto thee in the congrebeloved children, that gation in the midst of my the good God hath before manbrethren; and will sing unto ifested all things unto us, that thee in the church of the saints. we might know to whom we 20 Wherefore we are they ought always to give thanks whom he has brought into that and praise. good land. 2 If therefore the Son of 21 3But what signifies the God, who is the Lord of all, milk and honey? Because as and shall come to judge both the child is nourished first the quick and dead, hath sufwith milk, and then with hon- fered, that by his stripes we ey; so we being kept alive by might live: let us believe that the belief of his promises, and the Son of God could not have his word, shall live and have suffered but for us. But, being dominion over the land. crucified, they gave him vinegar and gall to drink. 22 For he foretold above, saying, Increase, and multiply, and have dominion over the fishes, &c. 3 Hear therefore how the priests of the temple did foreshew this also: the Lord by 23 But who is there that his command which was writis now able to have this do- ten, declared that whosoever minion over the wild beasts, or did not fast the appointed fast fishes, or fowls of the air?-he 2should die the death: beFor you know that to rule is cause he also was himself one to have power, that a man day to offer up his 3body for should be set over what he our sins; that so the type of rules. what was done in 4Isaac 24 But forasmuch as this might be fulfilled, who was of we have not now, he tells us fered upon the altar. when we shall have it ; name- 4 What therefore is it that ly, when we shall become per- he says by the prophet? 5 And fect, that we may be made in See this applied after the same manner, Heb ix. 2Levit. xxii. 29. 3The vessel of his spirit. 4Gen xxii. 5Numb. xxix, &e Vid. Coteler, in Marg Annot. in loc, Comp. Observ. Edit. Oxon. Christ typified BARNABAS. by the red-heifer. let them eat of the goat which derness, land took away the is offered in the day of the fast scarlet wool, and put it upon a for all their sins. Hearken thorn-bush, whose 2young diligently, (my brethren,) and sprouts when we find them in all the priests, and they only the field we are wont to eat: shall eat the inwards, not wash-so the fruit of that thorn only ed, with vinegar. is sweet. 5 Why so ? because I 10 And to what end, was know that when I shall here- this ceremony? Consider; one after offer my flesh for the sins was offered upon the altar, the of a new people, ye will give other was accursed. me vinegar to drink mixed 11 And why was that with gall; therefore do ye on- which was accursed, crowned? ly eat, the people fasting the Because they shall see Christ while, and lamenting in sack-in that day having a scarlet cloth and ashes. 6 And that he might foreshew, that he was to suffer for them, hear then, how he appointed it. garment about his body; and shall say: Is not this he whom we crucified; having despised him, pierced him, mocked him? Certainly, this is he 7. 2Take, says he, two goats, who then said, that he was the fair and alike, and offer them; | Son of God. and let the high-priest take one 12 3As therefore he shall of them for a burnt-offering.-be then like to what he was And what must be done with on earth, so were the Jews the other? Let it, says he, be heretofore commanded, to take accursed. two goats, fair and equal.8 Consider how exactly That when they shall see (our this appears to have been a Saviour) hereafter coming (in type of Jesus. 3And let all the clouds of heaven,) they the congregations spit upon it, may be amazed at the likeness and prick it; and put the of the goats. scarlet wool about its head: thus let it be carried forth into the wilderness. 13 Wherefore 4ye here again see a type of Jesus who was to suffer for us. 9 And this being done, he 14 But what then signifies that was appointed to convey this, that the wool was to be the goat, led it into the wil-put into the midst of the 1 Vid Annot, Coteler in loc. 2Levit xvi. Vid. Maimon, Tract, de Die thorns? 1Vid. Maim. ibid. p 341 Comp. Exp. Edit du Veil p. 350. Add. An-not. Edit Oxon in loc. 2Vid. Annot Cotel and Ed. Oxou, in loc. 3Vid. not, Isaac Voss in loc. 3The Greek Edit. Oxon. p. 40. a. 41: b. is imperfect. 4Vid. Lat. Ver. |