PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY.

Report of the Fifth Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, April 12th and 13th, 1901.

AMERICA'S RACE PROBLEMS.

The fifth annual meeting proved to be the best attended and most successful the Academy has yet held. The timeliness of the topics discussed and the exceptionally even and high standard of excellence of the papers presented throughout the meeting called forth many words of praise from those present, and were reflected in the newspaper comments upon the various sessions.

The meeting was called to order by the President, in the Assembly Room of the Manufacturers' Club, on Friday afternoon, at 3 o'clock. Dr. Talcott Williams, of Philadelphia, was introduced as the presiding officer. He spoke briefly upon the topic of the session, namely, The Races of the Pacific, and upon the particular qualifications of the speakers announced on the program. He then introduced Dr. Titus Munson Coan, of New York City, who gave an address upon the Natives of Hawaii. Dr. Coan is the son of a missionary to Hawaii, and was himself born on the island and resided there for over nineteen years. He spoke most entertainingly of the personal impressions of a native-born, of the characteristics of the people and of their habits and customs. He dwelt at some length upon the Polynesian checks to population practiced in the Hawaiian Islands as in other sections of Polynesia.

Following Dr. Coan the Rev. Charles C. Pierce, D. D., United States Army Chaplain, now stationed at Fort Meyer, Virginia, who has recently returned from over two years of service in the Philippines, spoke upon the Tagals, giving a very vivid picture of these people in their relation to the other tribes in the Philippine Islands. He emphasized especially the fact that the Tagal is an alien in the Philippines and that his influence and capabilities are much overrated. One incident of this session which is deserving of mention, occurred in the discussion following these papers when Rev. Dr. Charles Colman, of Philadelphia, bore witness to the efficiency of Chaplain Pierce's services in the Philippines. Dr. Colman said that he had two sons in the war, of whom one died in Cuba while the other returned from the Philippine Islands a physical wreck. Speaking of the latter he said, "In those long and weary days which followed his homecoming, he often talked with me of the brave deeds of his companions

in the tropical campaign and of his experiences in the hospital after he was stricken with disease. But, sir, there was one man about whom he frequently spoke-one whom he held in highest regard and esteem. He has told me of his unfaltering courage and of his unshaken faith, of the comfort which he brought and of the cheering words he spoke to the sick and lonely, of his loving ministrations to the dying and of the patience and persistence with which he attended the affairs of the dead; no soldier passed on his way from those foreign shores to await the final reveille whose body was not taken in charge by this all-powerful man, and there is no case on record of an unidentified body within the province of his duties." Dr. Colman further declared that he did not know Dr. Pierce, but was very glad to have this opportunity of publicly expressing his appreciation of the man. The incident produced a marked impression upon the meeting and, along with other expressions of admiration for Dr. Pierce's work, lent peculiar interest to what he had to say.

A paper by Rev. Oliver C. Miller, D. D., Chaplain of the United States Army, upon the Semi-civilized People in the Philippines, was read by title. Dr. Miller is now stationed at the Presidio, San Francisco, and his paper had not arrived at the time of the meeting, but it will doubtless be printed in the proceedings.

The second session was called to order by the President of the Academy at the New Century Drawing Room, on Friday evening, at 8 o'clock. The President reviewed the work of the Academy during the year since the last annual meeting, calling attention to the large demand for a wide circulation of the Academy's publications during the year, and especially of the volume on "Corporations," containing the addresses at the last annual meeting. He also described the encouraging growth of the Academy in numbers and influence, and showed how, through the publications, work done by the Academy at its local meetings, was extended throughout the country. The need of a larger measure of co-operation among the members of the Academy, in securing the facilities for making its work permanent, and the peculiar responsibility resting upon an organization of this character, when public education on social and economic questions is so imperative, was emphasized. Professor Lindsay then introduced, as the orator of the evening, Professor Edward A. Ross, of Nebraska University, who delivered the annual address. The subject which Professor Ross treated ably in the course of an hour's address was "The Causes of Race Superiority." Following the annual address an informal reception was held, at which the members and their friends and invited guests were given an opportunity to meet the speakers of the evening.

On Saturday morning, April 13, many of the out-of-town visitors assembled by invitation at 9:30 at the Museum of Science and Art of the University of Pennsylvania, where they were received by the Curator, Dr. Stewart Culin, who personally conducted the party and described the valuable collections of the Museum. In the Assyrian department Dr. Clay, who is associated with Professor Hilprecht, gave a very interesting explanation of the tablets recently excavated at Nippur and constituting the earliest record of civilization which has yet been found. Another party gathered at the Philadelphia Commercial Museum at 10:30, where Mr. Tingle, one of the officers of the Museum, was in waiting. After a brief address on the consular service of the United States, he conducted the party through the Museum and explained the large and valuable collections of industrial products from all over the world, which the Museum has collected.

On both days a large number of members and guests gathered for luncheon at the Manufacturers' Club, which extended to the Academy throughout the meeting the freedom of its club house, as did also the Art Club of Philadelphia and other social organizations.

The third session was called to order at three o'clock on Saturday afternoon, and Colonel Hilary A. Herbert, of Alabama, ex-Secretary of the Navy, was introduced as the presiding officer, the topic of the session being "The Race Problem at the South." Colonel Herbert gave an eloquent address presenting a typical Southern white man's view of the relations of the whites to the negroes. He then introduced President George T. Winston, of the North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, who addressed the meeting on the same topic. During the course of his remarks President Winston pictured the conditions existing before the war and claimed that the social relations between whites and negroes at that time were far superior to those at present, and that of late the races had been drifting apart rather than coming together.

The third and last address at this session was given by Professor W. E. Burghardt DuBois, of Atlanta University, who analyzed with peculiar calmness and ability the "Relation of the Negroes to the Whites." By many present this address was regarded as the feature of the whole program. A paper by President Booker T. Washington, of Tuskegee, upon the same topic, was read by title, and will be printed in the proceedings.

A peculiar interest centered in the closing session, at which Senator Orville H. Platt, of Connecticut, chairman of the Senate Committee on Relations with Cuba, and author of the Platt amendment which was then under discussion in the Cuban Constitutional Conventionreports of which seemed to indicate that, it had been rejected-ad

dressed the Academy on "Our Relations to the People of Cuba and Porto Rico." Also at this session Mr. Charles M. Pepper, author and journalist, who has recently been appointed as one of the delegates of the United States government to the Pan-American Congress which will assemble in the city of Mexico in October, gave an address on "The Spanish Population of Cuba and Porto Rico." Both of these ad. dresses were listened to by a large and attentive audience. At the conclusion of the meeting, on Saturday evening, the Manufacturers' Club gave a reception to the speakers at the annual meeting and other invited guests, among whom were many of the members of the Academy.

Verbatim reports of all the addresses and discussions will be collected in the volume of proceedings of the meeting, which will be published as the July number of the ANNALS and sent to members of the Academy. This will also be issued as a separate volume and may be ordered through the book trade, bound either in paper or in cloth paper bound copies will be furnished at $1, cloth bound copies at $1.50. Orders may also be sent to the office of the Academy, Station B, Philadelphia. Members of the Academy can render good service by bringing this volume to the attention of their friends.

BOOK DEPARTMENT.

NOTES.

THE CHURCH AND POPULAR EDUCATION is the title of an interesting monograph (Johns Hopkins University Studies)' by Professor H. B. Adams. It is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather suggestive of the great possibilities of development in this now recognized part of church work. The Church and the School are the two great social institutions of the community and were each better acquainted with the function and work of the other more substantial progress could be made. One of the greatest needs of to-day is the more intelligent correlation of the social forces in the community, and this can be best inaugurated by church and school becoming intelligently appreciative of each other's work."

THE PUBLISHERS CLAIM for "American Engineering Competition " that it is a book which "every business man should read." This advice can be repeated with even greater pertinency to every student of industrial conditions in the United States. The book consists of a compilation of sixteen letters descriptive of American methods in the iron and steel industry, written for the London Times by a special correspondent.

The ulterior object of the writer is to set forth the points of superiority in American industrial methods, and he has taken the best possible way to accomplish this end. He says little or nothing about English methods, with which he presumes that his English readers are reasonably familiar, but goes minutely and carefully into an elaborate description of American practice in the iron, steel and engineering trades. The general subjects treated: are the mining, transportation and smelting of ore; the manufacture of steel by the Bessemer and Open Hearth processes, and the manufacture of structural steel, engines, machine tools, malleable castings and implements. The early chapters give a very adequate popular description of the iron and steel industry down to the steel billet. This it is possible to do on account of the simplicity of the operations involved, without departing from the writer's purpose to set forth the essential points of 1 Series XVIII, Nos. 8 and 9. Pp. 84.

2 Contributed by Geo. H. Locke.

American Engineering Competition. Being a series of articles resulting from an investigation made by "The Times," London. Pp. viii, 139. Price, $1.00. New York and London: Harper and Brothers, 1901.